International (European) organizations have impact on health law. The most recent developments are: a revision of the world Medical’s Association Declaration of Helsinki, a proposal for a Directive ...(European Commission) on standards of quality and safety of human organs intended for transplantation, accompanied by a ten point action plan; a proposal (European Commission) for a Directive on the application of patients’ rights in cross-border health care; a proposal (European commission) for a Directive on information to the general public on medicinal products subject to medical prescription.
This study examined the impact of enlarging access to health care to residents of frontier zones in northern France and Belgium. A postal survey was carried out on representative samples of French ...frontier workers (n=176) and Belgian frontier workers (n=366). The survey explored the level of awareness of the arrangements for double access to health care, the patterns of cross-border use of health care and the obstacles and incentives to use cross-border health care. The results showed that approximately one-fifth of the respondents were unaware of their eligibility and this was particularly pronounced about their dependants' entitlement. Frontier workers tended to use cross-border care for the purchase of medications, the use of hospital care and the use of specialized care. There was an increased flow of consumption from Belgium to France which might be explained by the higher proportion of Belgian workers being of French nationality or having dual nationality.
Izabella Main.
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The article discusses the medical travel (medical tourism) of Polish women migrants based on a study conducted between 2008 and 2011 on Polish women who ...migrated to London, Barcelona, and Berlin. The author argues that the principal reasons for medical travel to Poland are the lower costs of private treatment, the relatively easy access to specialised health care, and personal comfort derived from linguistic and cultural competency. The women in the study who travelled to Poland for medical treatment combined the economic resources acquired while living abroad with their knowledge of the cultural and medical system in Poland to choose the best options for them. The treatments they sought included gynaecological, dental, and other specialised treatments, for which they turned to the private health sector in Poland. Some of the women also sought treatment in other countries. The women in the study highlighted the advantages of medical travel and mobility while also reflected on the dilemmas they faced in choosing the best care. The author argues that medical travel poses a challenge to the national borders of health-care systems and the national availability of medical procedures, and found that while such mobility generates inequalities it also leads to greater agency and creativeness on the part of patients when they challenge the given regulations, authority, and expert knowledge in one country.
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