The topic of this special issue of FormAkademisk is drawing. While the issue is hosted by the Oslo National Academy of the Arts (KHiO), the contributors have come in from different urban locations in ...Norway, including Volda, Trondheim, Bergen and Oslo. We would like to use this occasion to extend our thanks to the external peer-reviewers. They have helped in bringing the issue to its present level of quality
Although the history of technological and scientific illustrations is a well-established field in the West, scholarship on the much longer Chinese experience is still undeveloped. This work by Peter ...Golas is a short, illustrated overview tracing the subject to pre-Han inscriptions but focusing mainly on the Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties. His main theme is that technological drawings developed in a different way in China from in the West largely because they were made by artists rather than by specialist illustrators or practitioners of technology. He examines the techniques of these artists, their use of painting, woodblock prints and the book, and what their drawings reveal about changing technology in agriculture, industry, architecture, astronomical, military, and other spheres. The text is elegantly written, and the images, about 100 in all, are carefully chosen. This is likely to appeal to both scholars and general readers.
Depictive and abstract representations produced by drawing-known from Europe, Africa and Southeast Asia after 40,000 years ago-are a prime indicator of modern cognition and behaviour
. Here we report ...a cross-hatched pattern drawn with an ochre crayon on a ground silcrete flake recovered from approximately 73,000-year-old Middle Stone Age levels at Blombos Cave, South Africa. Our microscopic and chemical analyses of the pattern confirm that red ochre pigment was intentionally applied to the flake with an ochre crayon. The object comes from a level associated with stone tools of the Still Bay techno-complex that has previously yielded shell beads, cross-hatched engravings on ochre pieces and a variety of innovative technologies
. This notable discovery pre-dates the earliest previously known abstract and figurative drawings by at least 30,000 years. This drawing demonstrates the ability of early Homo sapiens in southern Africa to produce graphic designs on various media using different techniques.
Cemented carbide microstructures: a review García, José; Collado Ciprés, Verónica; Blomqvist, Andreas ...
International journal of refractory metals & hard materials,
April 2019, 2019-04-00, 20190401, Letnik:
80
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Cemented carbides cover a wide range of applications in many relevant industries, i.e. as cutting tools (turning, milling, drilling) for machining of metal components in the automotive and/or ...aerospace industry, as components of drill bits or road headers in the rock tools and mining area or as wear parts in wire drawing dies or punch tools. In this review selected cemented carbide and cermet microstructures are presented. The focus is on microstructures, both those that are already established in the cemented carbide industry and those which have drawn scientific attention due to new potential applications. Cemented carbides are here divided in four groups based on microstructure and chemistry: WC morphology and chemistry, cubic carbide containing cemented carbide and cermets, functionally graded cemented carbides, and binder design of cemented carbides. Furthermore, this review covers some historical background that motivated the microstructure design as well as the status of each class of materials nowadays. The paper aims at categorising cemented carbides in a structured way and to serve as an introduction to cemented carbide microstructures for engineers, researchers and scientists.
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•Mapping of relevant cemented carbide microstructures.•Cemented carbides classified based on microstructure and chemistry.•Microstructure linked to properties and applications.•Review covers historical background and current and future trend for each class of materials.
Manuscript albums are oftentimes contradictory objects: ephemeral yet monumental, coherent yet inviting change. Collecting items made by others, owners form their albums as representations of their ...selves, their worlds, and their traditions. The volume’s contributors – who come from musicology, European history, English literary studies, and Islamic art history – explore a set of these challenging manuscripts while addressing questions of manuscript studies through their respective disciplinary lenses. The albums under investigation range from Early Modern Stammbücher, or alba amicorum, to albums assembled jointly by nineteenth-century cultural elites, and from muraqqaʿs of the Persianate world to English and North American friendship albums, including some kept by women. This book is the first contribution to the comparative study of manuscript albums, focusing on their materiality and analysing the practices of all those involved in making and using them. Moreover, the collection introduces this hard-to-grasp type of written artefact to the field of cross-disciplinary manuscript studies and suggests albums as a touchstone for manuscriptological theories and terminologies.; Manuscript albums are oftentimes contradictory objects: ephemeral yet monumental, coherent yet inviting change. Collecting items made by others, owners form their albums as representations of their selves, their worlds, and their traditions. The volume’s contributors – who come from musicology, European history, English literary studies, and Islamic art history – explore a set of these challenging manuscripts while addressing questions of manuscript studies through their respective disciplinary lenses. The albums under investigation range from Early Modern Stammbücher, or alba amicorum, to albums assembled jointly by nineteenth-century cultural elites, and from muraqqaʿs of the Persianate world to English and North American friendship albums, including some kept by women. This book is the first contribution to the comparative study of manuscript albums, focusing on their materiality and analysing the practices of all those involved in making and using them. Moreover, the collection introduces this hard-to-grasp type of written artefact to the field of cross-disciplinary manuscript studies and suggests albums as a touchstone for manuscriptological theories and terminologies.
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