Umjetna inteligencija i obrazovanje Vrcelj, Sofija; Kušić, Siniša; Mrnjaus, Kornelija
JAHR (Rijeka ),
2023, Letnik:
14, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Sposobnost stroja da demonstrira određenu razinu inteligencije i obavlja funkcije koje zahtijevaju ljudske sposobnosti navodi se kao ključno obilježje umjetne inteligencije. Trenutačno se umjetna ...inteligencija razvija i širi velikom brzinom s tendencijom mijenjanja načina na koje se uči i podučava. Primjena umjetne inteligencije u obrazovanju može se pratiti od uporabe računala, što znači da ima razmjerno dugu povijest. U obrazovnim se institucijama primjenjuje na različite načine, kao što su automatizacija administrativnih procesa i zadataka, razvoj kurikula i obrazovnih materijala te za potrebe unaprjeđivanja podučavanja i olakšavanja procesa učenja. Razvojem tehnologije i jačom procesnom moći računala posljednjih nekoliko godina, umjetna se inteligencija počinje razvijati nevjerojatnom brzinom. Unatoč tome, u nacionalnom kontekstu tek je nekoliko objavljenih radova o toj temi. Svrha je ovoga rada predstaviti potencijale i (etičke) izazove primjene umjetne inteligencije u obrazovanju, njezin utjecaj na podučavanje i mogućnosti da zamijeni učitelje. Da bi se identificiralo trenutačno stanje i razumio utjecaj i mogućnosti primjene umjetne inteligencije u obrazovanju, sustavno je pregledana i analizirana dostupna i relevantna literatura.
A machine’s ability to exhibit a certain level of intelligence and perform functions that require human abilities is listed as the key feature of artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence is currently developing and spreading very quickly with the tendency to change the ways we learn and teach. The application of artificial intelligence in education can be traced back to the use of computers, i.e. it has a fairly long history. In educational institutions, it is applied in various ways, from the automatization of administrative processes and tasks to the creation of curricula and educational materials, as well as to improve teaching and facilitate the learning process. Due to technological advancement and the increased processing power of computers over the last few years, artificial intelligence has started developing at an incredible pace. Despite this, there are only a few published works on the subject within the national context. The purpose of this paper is to point out the potential and (ethical) challenges of using artificial intelligence in education, its impact on teaching, and the possibility of it replacing teachers. To identify the current state of affairs and assess the impact and possibilities of using artificial intelligence in education, available and relevant literature was systematically reviewed and analyzed.
Ilmu dalam pandangan Islam adalah bagian penting dalam kehidupan manusia. Ia mesti dipelajari dan dimiliki oleh manusia termasuk dalam hal ini ilmu manajemen pendidikan. Dalam perspektif Islam, ilmu ...manajemen pendidikan mesti memuat prinsip dan nilai Islam yang dapat membimbing siswa menuju eksistensinya sendiri. Ilmu manajemen pendidikan konvensional, secara eksplisit tidak memuat makna yang relevan dengan prinsip dan nilai Islam. Hal ini sangat penting sebab manusia berperilaku dan bersikap senantiasa dibimbing oleh ilmu pengetahuan. Namun, secara implisit, ilmu manajemen pendidikan konvensional yang notabene dimunculkan di Barat, telah menggambarkan konsep manajemen yang dikembangkan Nabi Muhammad. Walaupun istilah yang digunakan tidak sejalan dengan Islam, namun dari isi arti telah selaras dengan prinsip dan nilai manajemen pendidikan Islam, yaitu produktivitas, mensejahterahkan, adanya sistem pahala dan dosa, memperhatikan efektifitas dan efisiensi, sumber daya manusia mesti berilmu, bertanggungjawab, mementingkan perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pelaksanaan, pengawasan, pelibatan sumber daya manusia, disiplin, adanya standar, dan memfokuskan pada standar moral dan etika pendidikan Islam.
We are often faced with choices that involve the weighing of people's lives against each other, or the weighing of lives against other good things. These are choices both for individuals and for ...societies. A person who is terminally ill may have to choose between palliative care and more aggressive treatment, which will give her a longer life but at some cost in suffering. We have to choose between the convenience to ourselves of road and air travel, and the lives of the future people who will be killed by the global warming we cause, through violent weather, tropical disease, and heat waves. We also make choices that affect how many lives there will be in the future: as individuals we choose how many children to have, and societies choose tax policies that influence people's choices about having children. These are all problems of weighing lives. How should we weigh lives? Weighing Lives develops a theoretical basis for answering this practical question. It extends the work and methods of Broome's earlier book Weighing Goods to cover the questions of life and death. Difficult problems come up in the process. In particular, Weighing Lives tackles the well-recognized, awkward problems of the ethics of population. It carefully examines the common intuition that adding people to the population is ethically neutral - neither a good nor a bad thing - but eventually concludes this intuition cannot be fitted into a coherent theory of value. In the course of its argument, Weighing Lives examines many of the issues of contemporary moral theory: the nature of consequentialism and teleology; the transitivity, continuity, and vagueness of betterness; the quantitative conception of wellbeing; the notion of a life worth living; the badness of death; and others. This is a work of philosophy, but one of its distinctive features is that it adopts some of the precise methods of economic theory (without introducing complex mathematics). Not only philosophers, but also economists and political theorists concerned with the practical question of valuing life, should find the book's conclusions highly significant to their work. Available in OSO: http://www.oxfordscholarship.com/oso/public/content/philosophy/019924376X/toc.html
Manusia dikenal sebagai makhluk sosial yang tidak lepas dari kegiatan saling berinteraksi dengan sesama manusia. Melalui kegiatan interaksi inilah manusia otomatis melakukan kegiatan komunikasi. Pada ...perkembangannya, komunikasi tidak hanya dilakukan secara langsung dalam kehidupan nyata, melainkan juga dapat dilakukan melalui media virtual dengan memanfaatkan akun-akun media sosial. Akan tetapi, pada praktik komunikasi dalam media sosial, masih didapati pelanggaran etika komunikasi dengan adanya penyebaran pesan hoax serta hate speech. Sehingga perlu adanya pengembangan pada etika komunikasi, khususnya etika komunikasi islam. Etika komunikasi islam tidak hanya dijadikan sebagai pemahaman ilmu saja, melainkan adanya implikasi dalam kegiatan komunikasi dalam bermedia sosial. Adanya pemahaman dan pengaplikasian tersebut mampu memberikan pemahaman yang lebih akan pentingnya etika komunikasi dalam bermedia sosial, karena media sosial tidak hanya sebagai sarana komunikasi, melainkan bagian dari budaya interaksi dalam dunia modern.
Přemysl Pitter je významnou postavou československých dějin, muž, který dokázal svým nadšením a neúnavnou dlouholetou prací překračovat hranice mezi lidmi, národnostmi a církvemi. Ekumenický kazatel, ...humanista, pacifista, muž, který se, podobně jako Sir Nicholas Winton, během válečných a poválečných let angažoval při záchraně dětí – sirotků, bez ohledu na to, jaké byly ná-rodnosti. Jak sám o sobě Pitter říkal, dal svůj život do služeb Bohu, a to hlavně v těch nejmenších – dětech. Nebyly to ale jen děti, Přemysl Pitter byl taktéž významným propagátorem otázky přístupu člověka ke zvířatům, dnes bychom řekli „práv zvířat“, svou činností se za „práva menších“ zasazo-val. Článek poukazuje na ekologicky laděné části Pitterova díla. Právě tato část Pitterova díla ovšem zůstává dodnes nepříliš zmapována. V postavě Přemysla Pittera nacházíme inspirujícího učitele, který usiloval o proměnu člověka, lidstva, ve smyslu zodpovědné svobody, porozumění mezi lidmi, environmentálně příznivého životního stylu a toto vše se snažil předat ve svých před-náškách pro veřejnost, ale i při výchově dětí – válečných sirotků. I proto bychom z dnešního pohle-du Pittera mohli nazvat environmentalistou a enviropedagogem. Dnes, století vzdáleni od počátku Pitterova působení, v kontextu měnících se nálad ve společnosti, v blízkosti válečných konfliktů a s patrnými projevy klimatických změn vidíme, že jeho požadavky na proměnu společnosti a na vý-chovu nové generace, jsou stále aktuální, ba možná aktuálnější, než kdy dříve a že se k mnohým jeho myšlenkám můžeme vrátit.
Straipsnyje analizuojama amerikiečių ekologo Aldo Leopoldo (1886-1948) ekologinė etinė sistema, paties autoriaus pavadinta žemės etika (land ethicJ. Tai viena iš pirmųjų išplėtotų šiuolaikinės ...ekologinės etikos koncepcijų. Jos ištakas sudaro evoliucinė bei ekologinė biologija ir evoliucinė etika. Ekologinė Leopoldo etikos paskirtis lėmė holistinį šios etinės doktrinos pobūdį. Tačiau žemės etikos holizmas nepaneigia individualizmo: visumos atžvilgiu individas lieka santykiškai savarankiškas.
This research presents a reading of the aspects of religious transidentalism in presenting the narrative of environmental preservation. Certainly in that context, the author tries to illustrate with ...teo-ecology construction based on quranic insights. Therefore, man as a subject, occupies a wide space in realizing the idea of godliness and humanistics in managing the nature and environment that God has given. Result of this study provides a major argument against the meaning of the Quran as the basis of environmental Teo-Ecology which contributes the deepest contribution, so that environmental preservation is always encouraged. In addition, in environmental preservation is necessary also the construction of ecological ethics humanizes the environment itself, so that a balance arises there. Lastly, it is no less important to elicit an attitude of transcendentalism in man that as god's representative on Earth must have mentally managed the environment well.
This paper examines the economic behavior according to Islamic ethics. In economic theory, human behavior deals with four issues: production, distribution, service and consumption. There are four ...things assessed in Islamic ethics, four things related to the purpose of human life, the concept of good luck, property rights, and employment. The main argument proposed in this article is that Islam does not rule out the existence and worldly possessions, as long as they do not ignore the life hereafter. The purpose of life and human life is to gain happiness in this world and the hereafter as well. Therefore, ethics of Islam appreciate the professional as an integral part of religious orders.
In the concept of public relations menejeman required basic and public footing so that what is the goal tecapai from a person or institution that is associated with other parties, community and ...stakeholders who become the network, the basic concept is what is contained in the basic principles of the Qur'an and hadith, the basic concept is formulated into the principles or principles of public relations and such as how a public relations implemintasi and the basis in the form of action, convey the truth of imformation to other parties, maintain keharmunisan by way of ahklak mulya approach, with the principle of mutualime and there is a balance in getting imformation and accountability in public policy in accordance with what is done by Prophet Muhammad SAW in syiar Islam, so that for the wider society will get the right imformation in accordance with the actual reality. writer in this study multiply some verses of Al-Qur'an and hadith to be the main source of angar in the implementation of public relations that is done more menjujung values and norms in it to encourage the spirit of work high with the intention ihklas solely seek Ridha Allah SWT, this study we deliberately collaborate between historical Prophet Muhammad SAW in membagun city of Mecca and madina as an example of the success of the public relations management done though Prophet Muhammad SAW.serta correlation with muderen reality at this time.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi secara objektif tentang: 1) Aspek etika pergaulan siswa kelas VII SMP, 2) Faktor yang mempengaruhi etika pergaulan siswa kelas VII SMP, 3) ...Layanan bimbingan kelompok tentang etika pergaulan siswa kelas VII Sekolah SMP.Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif, dengan bentuk penelitian ini adalah studi survei.Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 77 siswa kelas VII SMP. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah komunikasi langsung dan komunikasi tidak langsung.Alat pengumpul data yang digunakan ialah panduan wawancara dan skala psikologis. Hasil penelitian: aspek etika pergaulan siswa kelas VII Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 9 tergolong “cukup”, faktor yang mempengaruhi etika pergaulan siswa meliputi faktor lingkungan keluarga, faktor lingkungan masyarakat, dan faktor lingkungan sekolah, layanan bimbingan kelompok dilaksanakan dengan tahapan pembentukan, tahap peralihan, tahap kegiatan dan tahap pengakhiran. Abstract: This research aims to obtain the information objectively about: 1) The ethical aspects of class VII Junior high School of Primary 9 Pontianak, 2) Factors affecting the ethics of class VII junior high School Elementary 9 Pontianak, 3) Group guidance Services on the ethics of class VII students of the first school Negeri 9 Pontianak. This research uses a type of descriptive research, with the form of this research being survey studies. The sample in this study amounted to 77 students of grade VII SMP Negeri 9 Pontianak. The data collection techniques used in this research are direct communication and indirect communication. The data collection tools used are interview guides and psychological scales. Research result: The ethical aspect of class VII junior high School first-level students 9 is "sufficient", a factor affecting students ' Association ethics including family environmental factors, community environmental factors, and the school's environmental factors, group guidance services carried out with the formation stage, transitional stage, activity stage, and termination phase.
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