Employability strongly moderates the effects of unemployment and of job insecurity on life satisfaction and mental health. Using nationally representative panel data from Australia, I find that an ...increase in employability from zero to 100% cancels around three quarters, in some cases more, of the detrimental effect of unemployment. Employability also matters for employees: an increase in men's employability from zero to 100% reduces the detrimental effect of job insecurity by more than half. The effects of extreme job insecurity and of unemployment are large and of comparable magnitudes. The findings are used to compute estimates of the well-being trade-off between increases in job insecurity and increases in employability, relevant to the support of “flexicurity” policies, and of the “misery multiplier”, the extent to which the effect of a rise in aggregate unemployment on those becoming unemployed is supplemented by the effects on others’ insecurity and employability.
Can perceived employability mitigate the negative impacts of job insecurity on wellbeing?. We address this question using fixed-effects models on panel data from. Switzerland. To measure job ...insecurity, we use two subjective indicators (risk of job. loss and fear of job loss in the last year) and an objective one (having a temporary contract). We assess well-being by studying job satisfaction, life satisfaction, and mental health, and perform separate analyses for men and women. Results suggest that employability does not mitigate the impacts of job insecurity on job satisfaction. For life satisfaction, employability reduces the impacts of the risk of job loss in the last year, but only among men. Regarding mental health, employability partially offsets the impacts of the risk of job loss in the last year for both men and women. We conclude that even though employability might help, it does not shield workers from the negative impacts of job insecurity. This suggests that the flexicurity strategy falls short of mitigating the non-pecuniary impacts of job insecurity.
Danish Flexicurity Kreiner, Claus Thustrup; Svarer, Michael
The Journal of economic perspectives,
10/2022, Letnik:
36, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Denmark is one of the richest countries in the world and achieves this in combination with low inequality, low unemployment, and high-income security. This performance is often attributed to the ...Danish labor market model characterized by what has become known as flexicurity. This essay describes and evaluates Danish flexicurity. The Danish experience shows that flexicurity in itself, that is, flexible hiring and firing rules for firms combined with high income security for workers, is insufficient for successful outcomes. The flexicurity policy also needs to include comprehensive active labor market programs (ALMPs) with compulsory participation for recipients of unemployment compensation. Denmark spends more on active labor market programs than any other OECD country. We review theory showing how ALMPs can mitigate adverse selection and moral hazard problems associated with high income security and review empirical evidence on the effectiveness of ALMPs from the ongoing Danish policy evaluation, which includes a systematic use of randomized experiments. We also discuss the aptness of flexicurity to meet challenges from globalization, automation, and immigration and the trade-offs that the United States (or other countries) would face in adopting a flexicurity policy.
Before the crisis, flexicurity was a leading European Union (EU) policy concept, which aimed to balance labor-market flexibility and security. The recent focus on austerity measures to reduce public ...deficits might be thought to have reduced attention to the 'security' component of flexicurity. Accordingly, a 'farewell to flexicurity' has been claimed to have occurred. This paper challenges that claim and explores the role of flexicurity within the European Semester. It analyses the European Semester's policy goals between 2007 and 2016, as well as the country-specific recommendations (CSRs) to member states between 2009 and 2015. The analysis shows that the EU flexicurity concept has been revitalized, while its definition changed to encompass more social concerns. Even at the peak of the crisis, CSRs continued to devote attention to elements of both flexibility and security, although the precise details differed across countries and have changed over time.
This mixed-methods study explores the intersection of the ‘gig’ economy and welfare state in Australia, exploring how ride-share work has provided a pathway into paid work for three traditionally ...disadvantaged groups: individuals with disability, with caring responsibilities, or aged 45 and over. It examines these workers’ motivations for the work and explores how the welfare system shapes their experiences. The study finds push factors, such as past labour market discrimination and limited alternatives, and pull factors, like the relative flexibility of the work, which allows for the accommodation of planned and unplanned absences, are driving individuals into the ‘gig’ economy. The authors identify a duality about these experiences. On the one hand, the work represents a de facto form of ‘workfare’. On the other, the welfare system is cushioning the work’s job and income insecurity, providing individuals with flexibility and security unavailable elsewhere, an unintended policy outcome the authors label ‘accidental flexicurity’.
The flexibility and security of the international labor market has been severely affected by the pandemic crisis. The present study analyses the flexicurity strategy as a crisis tool for eliminate ...the negative consequences caused by pandemic crisis. European countries have successfully implemented the Kurzabeit anti-crisis model. In order to financially support, EU has created The SURE program. In crisis, the employees worked part-time and the salary was paid by the employer for the hours worked, and the rest was compensated by the state. In the Republic of Moldova, the labor market has been severely affected by the pandemic crisis, but measures to protect employers and employees have been delayed or selective. As a result, many employees lost their jobs, the number of unemployed has increase. So, the countries that have implemented flexicurity actions or measures and have achieved tangible results in the segment of employment and modernization of the labor market, have reacted quickly and managed the changes and the shock caused by the labor market by COVID-19. Finally, are presented measures for the recovery of the labor market in the post-pandemic period.
As the "smart grid" paradigm becomes more prevalent, fundamental techno-economic challenges prominently arise. The variability of renewables energy sources (RES) requires conventional generators to ...remain active and operate inefficiently. The grid's inertia grows weaker, jeopardizing its stability. Ever more frequent network-related issues threaten the grid's security. The industry experiences extensive degrees of price cannibalization, resulting in negative prices and RES down-regulating their production to avoid severe penalties. To this day, no work has presented a critical industrial view of the issues and each asset's presence within the grid-market setting. This letter showcases the main industrial criticisms of electricity markets and investigates the "flexicurity" potential of energy assets. We ponder how flexibility and security could be grouped into a unified product, and discuss a shift towards a flexicurity-based market. Considering the desired state of the 2050 European grid, we offer some thoughts on possible asset integration routes.
In this article, the author engages with the authors of the articles in this Special Issue by clarifying some aspects of the arguments in Good Jobs, Bad Jobs: The Rise of Polarized and Precarious ...Employment Systems in the United States, 1970s to 2000s; addressing selected matters of controversy; and highlighting central policy challenges raised by the rise of polarized and precarious employment systems. The author organizes his comments around several key themes raised by these authors: The causes of changes in job quality; the polarization model; cross-national differences in precarious work; and policy recommendations and the politics of job quality.
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