This work is devoted to the study of the formation of structure in the 08Kh18N10T-Sh industrial metastable austenitic steel during cold plastic deformation by the radial forging method. The results ...of the performed studies show that the formation of structure during deformation consists of three stages. At the first stage, an increase in the density of deformation twins and dislocations is observed, and the bands of deformation localization appear. Embryos of α-martensite appear on the deformation twins. At the second stage, the formation of α-martensite packages occurs, the density of deformation twins decreases, and the density of dislocations continues to increase incessantly. At the third stage, a predominantly globular subgrain structure is formed in the cross section of the rod, and a two-phase austenitic–martensitic band (lamellar) structure is observed in the longitudinal section.
This paper studies the features of formation of sausage product structure in the process of cooking. It is shown that the viscosity of sausage meat varies in a complex manner and has three ...characteristic areas. The characteristic parameters that determine the formation of the structure of sausages for each area were found. It is established that the use of the cavitation brine gives the finished product a gentle consistence, elasticity and distinct taste that makes it more preferable for the consumer.
The histological structure and morphometric and some histochemical indices of thyroid gland of maral as a subspecies of red deer at the postnatal stage of ontogenesis were studied. It was established ...that the gland was structurally formed by the time of the birth. C-cells are detected at 6 months of age. With age, the ratio of follicles of different sizes changed: smaller forms predominate in newborns and those 6 months old, medium and large predominate in adults and in old deer. Histological, morphometric, and histochemical data indicate to activation of the thyroid gland in the period of intensive growth for up to 6 months and a gradual decrease in activity over the next years of life. During aging, along with an increase in stromal elements, large follicles with colloid are stretched and resorption processes in the follicles are reduced.
This article examines one of several approaches currently being taken to the recycling of metallurgical slag in the liquid state inside drum-type units. Technological and design features of the units ...are discussed. The recycling units make it possible to obtain different types of products from slag melts. A new design of an experimental rotor-type unit is also described.
Abstract
This paper discusses the formation of structures by taking the process of gene transcription and translation as the template. The hypothesis of this paper is that the gene transcription and ...translation process can describe the formation of structures both in engineering design and in biology. The paper first presents design examples including integrated circuit (IC) chambers, flapping wings of bird robots, and typical mechanisms and formulate the formation patterns of the design process as four steps: information interpretation, selection of building blocks, the connection of building blocks, and formation of structures. The key step of the formation process is to assemble building blocks for structures both in engineering and in biology. Building blocks in biology are amino acids while they are structures in design. The autonomous degree of the formation process depends on the level of building blocks. The reuse degree of the building blocks depends on the level of building blocks too. In biology, structures of proteins are self-organized, so one way towards design automation is to use lower-level building blocks.
(Ethno)mathematics as discourse Skovsmose, Ole
Boletim de educação matemática BOLEMA,
04/2015, Letnik:
29, Številka:
51
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
Interpreting mathematics as a discourse includes three claims: that there are forms of mathematics-reality transitions, that mathematics includes actions, and that mathematics includes a political ...dimension. Through a discussion of different mathematics-based discursive acts, I will substantiate the discursive interpretation of mathematics. Next, by reconsidering ethnomathematics-based discursive acts, I will argue that also ethnomathematics can be interpreted as a discourse. As in the case of mathematics, ethnomathematics-based discursive acts concern the formation of: possibilities, rationality, structures and artefacts, authority, and overlooking. Finally, I will provide a critical perspective on both mathematics and ethnomathematics through the claim that any kind of action is in need of critical reflections.
Conceber a matemática como discurso implica considerar três elementos: que existem formas de transição entre a matemática e a realidade; que a matemática inclui ações; e que a matemática tem uma dimensão política. A partir de uma discussão sobre diferentes atos discursivos relacionados à matemática, fundamento a interpretação segundo qual a matemática é um discurso, o que chamo de interpretação discursiva da matemática. Em seguida, reconsiderando atos discursivos sobre etnomatemática, argumento que a etnomatemática também pode ser interpretada como discurso. Assim como no caso da matemática, os atos discursivos sobre a etnomatemática dizem respeito à formação de possibilidades, racionalidade, estruturas e artefatos, autoridade e negligência. Finalmente, exponho a perspectiva crítica sobre matemática e etnomatemática, partindo da afirmação de que qualquer tipo de ação necessita de reflexões críticas.
This paper presents the estimation of the carrying capacity of space structures with the use of the reliability theory and quantile algebra. Structures with rectangular meshes with every other blank ...mesh are shown to be economically competitive in relation to traditional full-wall and lattice roof coverings. On the basis of the structure reliability theory it is shown that connections of bars with nodes ought to have a greater carrying capacity than that of bars so that change of mechanisms of destruction from elastic-plastic to elastic-brittle does not occur. Attention is drawn to the fact that structures which are accompanied by geometric invariability resulting from articulated connections of bars with nodes are safer and have a smaller mass than structures whose geometric invariability depends on the spatial stiffness of the connections of bars with nodes. Attention is drawn to the additional advantages of selected economically competitive structures, namely: the possibility of support in any nodes of the structure, a smaller labour outlay in designing, execution and assembly and the ease of the provision of technological equipment in the structural space, including suspension of fire shields.
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