The reviewed book Place Names in the South-West of Široki Brig: Toponyms of the Rasno Cadastral District in 1891 (Villages of Rasno, Dužice, Privalj and Čerigaj), authored by Marinka Šimić and Ivan ...Dugandžić, presents a comprehensive analysis of the toponymy within a specific area of Western Herzegovina. The authors meticulously examined over 18 thousand names of land plots documented in cadastral records, identifying more than 2 thousand distinct names, which are introduced here for the first time into scholarly discussion. Alongside etymological insights and analyses of toponymic motivations and microtoponyms, the study provides detailed descriptions of referents. Primary sources used for this investigation include census records of the Turkish conquerors, various cartographic sources such as maps from the Venetian Republic and Austro-Hungarian maps, as well as land registers from 1891 and 1961, cadastral maps, and information gathered from informants during fieldwork in the villages of Rasno, Dužice, Privalj, and Čerigaj. Additionally, the authors incorporate their own knowledge, personal experiences, and memories. The review highlights the pioneering work of M. Šimić and I. Dugandžić in documenting the toponymy of the southwestern region of Široki Brijeg, laying the groundwork for further in-depth studies of the entire area’s toponymy. This book is a valuable resource for linguists, historians, folklorists, ethnographers, anthropologists, and scholars in related disciplines.
The paper explores Oirat hydronyms of the basin of the River of Ili (known as Ili, Tekes, Dzhirgalan, Ulan Bulak, Artsata Musar, etc.) recorded in a variety of written and oral sources of the ...17th–21st centuries in different graphic and phonetic variants (in the Oirat “Clear Script,” in Latin, and in Cyrillic). Oirat river names are significantly distorted when rendered into other languages, which complicates their etymological interpretation. The material under consideration includes the translation of the 17th century “Biography of Zaya-pandita,” the map of Dzungaria by Ivan Unkovsky (1722–1724), the map of the Dzungar state of 1738 by Johan Gustaf Renat, dictionaries of the Mongolian and Turkic languages, the archive materials of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Kalmyk Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, as well as personal field materials of the authors collected in the Issyk-Kul region of Kyrgyzstan (in 2009, 2012, 2014, 2021) and the Mongol-Kurya county of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of People’s Republic of Korea (in 2012, 2013, 2014, 2021). Geographical names of the Ili River basin are very well preserved in folklore of Sart Kalmyks living in the Tekes River valley until the second half of the 19th century, as well as in the Oirat-Mongolian folklore of Xinjiang. Typologically, Oirat hydronyms of the Ili River basin include: 1) names that can be attributed to both Mongolian (Oirat) and Turkic vocabulary, 2) hybrid names consisting of Turkic and Mongolian words, 3) original Oirat names, 4) names associated with Buddhism. The semantic and etymological analysis of the Oirat hydronyms of the Ili River basin indicates that in past times, seasonal migrations of the Oirats-nomads largely depended on the water landscape, which reflected in the detailed terminology of hydrographic objects.
The article discusses the role of specific examples of the Kazakh national geographical names of the different regions of Kazakhstan, based on the toponymic methods of scientific research. ...Geographical names may constitute the attractiveness of the tourist region. The existence of place names related to landscape and human activities is revealed. Toponymy of terms is studied in detail for their origin and spread caused by certain reasons and features. An analysis of national geographical terms has shown that the names associated with elements of relief, hydrography and plant cover features of the Kazakhs not only numerous, but also narrowly differentiated and each special term almost never occurs in other nations and has no analogues. It could be one of factors of tourist attractiveness in terms of natural and conducive to the development of tourism.
The relevance of the work is determined by the analysis of microtoponymy of the Perm Region, which is poorly studied. The language models of spatial relations expression on the material of Perm ...toponymy are considered for the first time. The author dwells on the characteristics of the spatial model of proximity / remoteness in toponymic system of Perm Region. The article determines the main indicators of proximity / remoteness of geographical object from the settlement, these indicators are the attributes дальний / ближний , as well as their partial synonyms окольный / удворный, уличный . It is noted that the idea of remoteness can be expressed indirectly, with the help of attributes of non-spatial nature: дикий , глухой , бедняцкий / поваренный , назёмный , поповский . The paper also analyzes geographical terms that are the parts of microtoponyms that can have the semantics of remoteness. As a rule, these terms are related to slash-and-burn farming system. The author also describes microtoponyms expressing the idea of spatial proximity by means of adjectives formed from the names of settlements and by means of prepositional-case constructions. It is concluded that in the Perm microtoponymy there are the same spatial patterns that exist in other toponymic systems, but some of them are specific.
The paper explores the usage of the terms of crossing (bridges, walkways, fords, piers, ferries) in the vocabulary and toponymy of Karelia. The author reveals a set of toponymic stems of Russian and ...Karelian origin marking these road sections and analyses the ethnohistorical content therein, concurrently, she takes to identify the geographical objects containing references to crossings in their names and to describe the areas of toponymic and lexical distribution of the terms revealed. For the evidence base, the study relies extensively on the Dictionary of the Karelian Popular Geographical Terminology, field research data of the Karelian Research Center Institute of Language, Literature and History, the geographic information system Toponymy of Karelia, mapping sources, and a number of dialect dictionaries, ethnographic, and folklore materials. The study has revealed the prevalence of the terms of Finnic origin in the names of crossings, with a well-defined areal distribution of toponymic stems. The traditional “Russian” areas of Karelia (Zaonezhye, Pomorye, and Pudozhye) showcase the prevalence of terms of the Russian and substrate origin, whereas in the rest of the territories, the Karelian lexemes predominate — which falls entirely within the history of the region. The difference in the landscape and settlement system between the northern and southern parts of Karelia impacts on the territorial confinement of the certain types of crossings (the abundance of bridges in the south and the developed network of ferry crossings in the north). The prospects for a study of “road” toponymy are linked with the exploration of historical landmarks and stages of the colonisation of Karelia, as well as with the reconstruction of particular routes of the ancient road network of the region.
The paper is based on data provided by the Linguistic Atlas of the Veps Language, which is currently under preparation at the Institute of Linguistics, Literature and History of the Karelian Research ...Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences. It analyzes five linguistic maps representing the areas of some items of Veps topographical vocabulary which are etymologically closely related to the Finnic languages. Nowadays the vocabulary is rapidly disappearing due to the loss of the indigenous lifestyle and the mother tongue of the people. Therefore, our study includes not only proper lexical data, but also some place names as well as some items of the Veps lexical substrate observed in Russian dialects. This has helped us to more accurately define the historical areas of some Veps terms. Mapping has revealed many details of the lexemes areal distribution, obviously caused by different reasons from geographical to administrative and political ones. The study has established several etymological layers of words with topographic semantics. A few proper Veps terms (e.g. purde) are considered to be of special value as they show the lexical potential of the Veps language. Also, some lexemes of unclear etymology (uhring, poźe) were found, which might have existed in the pre-Veps substrate. The paper describes some possible ways to interpret their etymology.
The paper offers an analysis of one of the best represented groups of substrate appellative lexis fixed in the toponymy of Eastern Obonezh’e – the landscape term, which is found in all structural ...types of the Finnic toponymic substrate in the study area. This group of terms from the toponymy of the region portrays the characteristic features and varieties of the landscape people use to build settlements, and practice industries and trades. Hence, through analysis and identification of structural and lexical-semantic models typical of specific time periods and ethnic groups one can reconstruct the main stages and pathways of colonisation of the land, determine the nature of contacts between cultures and languages, and form conjectures about land use, since the models of naming geographical objects are transferred to new territories as the population moves.
U radu se analizira onomastički fond Kašićeva prijevoda četiriju evanđelja s obzirom na svetopisamsku hrvatsku baštinu te uočavaju prevoditeljeve specifične prilagodbe latinskoga onomastičkoga ...materijala. Kako bi građa bila pristupačnija suvremenom čitatelju, u tekst su unesene i usporedbe prema najnovijem hrvatskom prijevodu Novoga zavjeta.
U radu se donosi cjelovit prikaz toponomastičkih apelativa koji su u širem
smislu motivirani nazivima za blatišta, te niz njihovih toponimijskih odraza na
području povijesnoga prostiranj a hrvatskoga ...jezika. U najvećem se broju primjera
radi o hidronimima, a za neke nazive koji su iz hrvatskoga jezika iščezli -
toponimijski su odrazi jedine potvrde njihova negdašnjega postojanja u
hrvatskom leksičkom korpusu. Taje semantička skupina zemljopisnih termina
osobito zanimljiva za poredbena toponomastička proučavanja zbog vrlo sta-rih
primjera povijesne zasvjedočenosti toponimijskih odraza i očite uklopljenosti
u općeslavenske toponomastičke tvorbe.
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