Employee turnover is expensive and disruptive for an organization. Studies have already mentioned that the economic cost of turnover is huge, ranging from 90% to 200% of the existing employee’s ...salary. With an increase in turnover rate, the social fabric of an enterprise may be disrupted. Additionally, organizations with an increasing turnover are expected to lose intangible knowledge and skills, operational effectiveness, customer satisfaction, and product or service quality. In a healthcare context, an increasing turnover rate has more consequences than other sectors because the healthcare sector worldwide is already identified as a sector facing resource scarcity. Exacerbating the situation, current evidence suggests that employee turnover has been increasing globally in the healthcare sector. The literature suggests that an ethical leadership style may reduce employees’ likelihood of quitting an organization. However, such literature is sparse in healthcare, especially from the perspective of a developing economy in the Global South, which is more resource-deficient than the Global North. To fill this knowledge gap, this study investigates the relationship between ethical leadership style and turnover intentions in the healthcare context of the Global South. This study also tests the mediating effect of intrinsic motivation and psychological contract fulfillment in the above-proposed relationship. Furthermore, the conditional indirect effect of resilience is also tested. The data are collected from the hospital employees through a self-administered questionnaire. The hypothesized relationships are tested through structural equation modeling. The empirical evidence indicates that ethical leadership reduces employees’ turnover intentions significantly. The results further confirm the mediating and moderating effects of intrinsic motivation, psychological contract fulfillment, and resilience. These results have different theoretical and practical implications for the healthcare sector. The results especially highlight the role of ethical leaders in a hospital to deal with the challenge of turnover, which has been rising worldwide.
Objectives
To report the changes in volume and characteristics of medical activities in the Vatican City State during COVID‐19 pandemic.
Methods
Data for general / emergency procedures , specialty ...consultations, radiology examinations and diagnostic procedures delivered by the Directorate of Health and Hygiene of the Vatican City State were retrospectively analysed. Analysis focused on the entire year 2020 and on the lockdown period 9 March – 18 May 2020.
Results
In 2020, 73.932 procedures were performed compared to 95.218 in 2019 (−22.4%). During lockdown, general / emergency activities decreased by 61.1%, specialty consultations by 85.3%, radiology examinations by 95.8%, and diagnostic procedures by 96.5%. A decrease was found for nearly all specialties; the most affected were occupational medicine and dermatology, whilst an increase was found for legal medicine, psychiatry and angiology.
Conclusion
Medical activities of the Vatican City State have been severely impacted, especially during the first months of the pandemic. However, organizational efforts allowed rapid restoration to near‐normal volumes.
Abstract
In today’s world more death occurs due to not immediate treatment for bed ridden patients. It also requires more man power. This document presents the model, installation and looks of a ...hardware and software platform for health monitoring system for patients. The main purpose of this system is to set up a system that can watch over bedridden patient’s health. This project depends on both hardware and software. It is developed using sp02, temperature, heartbeat connected to a raspberry pi micro controller, which get the sensor values and process it in machine learning process to produce a dosage prediction. It also intimates the doctor by triggering an automatic email. In addition, one can know the patients records and prediction of dosage from anywhere using the mobile application linked with it.
Many individuals whose gender does not align with the sex they were assigned at birth (gender diverse GD people) report stressful health care encounters. We examined the relationship of these ...stressors to symptoms of emotional distress and impaired physical functioning among GD people.
This study was conducted using a cross-sectional design with data from the 2015 United States Transgender Survey.
Composite metrics of health care stressors and physical impairments were developed, and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-6) provided a measure of emotional distress. Linear and logistic regression were used to analyze the aims.
A total of 22,705 participants from diverse gender identity subgroups were included. Participants who experienced at least one stressor in health care during the past 12 months had more symptoms of emotional distress (β = 0.14, P < .001) and 85% greater odds of having a physical impairment (odds ratio = 1.85, P < .001). Transgender men exposed to stressors were more likely than transgender women to experience emotional distress and have a physical impairment, with other gender identity subgroups reporting less distress. Black participants exposed to stressful encounters reported more symptoms of emotional distress than White participants.
The results suggest that stressful encounters in health care are associated with symptoms of emotional distress and greater odds of physical impairment for GD people, with transgender men and Black individuals being at greatest risk of emotional distress. The findings indicate the need for assessment of factors that contribute to discriminatory or biased health care for GD people, education of health care workers, and support for GD people to reduce their risk of stressor-related symptoms.
Elective surgeries were suspended during the national lockdown in March 2020 to curb the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia. We sought to evaluate the impact of the lockdown on cataract ...surgeries and suggest lessons for future outbreaks.
We conducted an interrupted time series analysis to examine rates of cataract surgery before and during the lockdown.
We used national cataract surgical data between 2015 and 2021 from the Malaysian Cataract Surgery Registry. Segmented regression with a seasonally adjusted Poisson model was used for the analysis. Stratified analyses were performed to establish whether the effect of the lockdown on cataract surgeries varied by hospital designation, type of cataract service, sex, and age groups.
Cataract surgeries began falling in March 2020 at the onset of the lockdown, reached a trough in April 2020, and subsequently increased but never recovered to pre-lockdown levels. Cataract surgical rates in December 2021 were still 43 % below the expected surgical volume, equivalent to 2513 lost cataract surgeries. There was no evidence of a differential effect of the lockdown between COVID-19 designated and non-COVID-19 designated hospitals. The relative decrease in cataract surgical rates appears to have been greatest in outreach services and in people 40 years and older.
The lockdown caused an immediate reduction in cataract surgical rates to nearly half of its baseline rate. Despite its gradual recovery, further delays remain to be expected should there be no redistribution or increase in resources to support backlogs and incoming new cases.
Experiences with racism predict healthcare system distrust among people of color, but Black and Latino young men who have sex with men (YMSM) also experience overlapping forms of stigma associated ...with their sexual identities and behaviors (i.e., homonegativity and internalized homonegativity). These forms of minority stress may drive healthcare system distrust among Black and Latino YMSM but have received far less attention.
To examine the associations of racism, homonegativity, and internalized homonegativity with healthcare system distrust among a community sample of Black and Latino YMSM.
Data came from waves 2–4 (years 2017–2018) of the Healthy Young Men's study, a longitudinal cohort study of Black and Latino YMSM living in Los Angeles County. Data across waves (n = 424, nobs = 1272) were combined and analyzed using a fixed effects approach and adjusting for repeated measures across participants. A series of regression models that added sets of covariates (demographics, syndemic indicators, and health-related factors) were tested to examine associations of racism, homonegativity, and internalized homonegativity with healthcare system distrust.
Adjusting for demographics and syndemic indicators, racism, but not homonegativity or internalized homonegativity, was associated with healthcare system distrust. Adjustment for health-related factors had little impact on results.
Among Black and Latino YMSM, greater exposure to racism is associated with greater healthcare system distrust. Efforts to strengthen healthcare system trust should explicitly target the institutional policies that disproportionately harm people of color.
•Community sample of Black and Latino young men who have sex with men (YMSM).•Black and Latino YMSM experience overlapping forms of discrimination.•Racism, homonegativity, internalized homonegativity may drive healthcare distrust.•Only racism was associated with greater distrust after full adjustment.
The topic of this paper is the functioning of the healthcare system in Croatia today. Like in Štampar’s time, the healthcare system cannot be separated from politics, economic strength, and social ...organisation. Referring to the socio-medical issues of today, the paper warns about the lack of human and material resources in modern healthcare.
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify the dimensions of preparedness for hospital practice among newly graduated medical officers in Malaysian hospitals who are undergoing their ...housemanship training; and to compare the level of preparedness among the different curricula and predict the dimensions of preparedness for hospital practice.
Design/methodology/approach
A national study was carried out and data collection was by means of self-administered questionnaire. Data obtained (n=1,213) were subjected to exploratory factor analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 18 in extracting the dimensions of preparedness for hospital practice.
Findings
Nine dimensions of hospital practice were identified which were access to information and IT skills, interpersonal skills, basic skills, and continuing professional development, holistic skills, coping skills, ethic and legal skills, patient management skills, scientific knowledge, and clinical skills. Overall, the respondents felt their medical schools prepared them for hospital practice. The strongest predictor for preparedness for hospital practice is coping skills. Holistic skill and preparedness for hospital practice was found to be negatively associated. Those who graduated from twining programmes between Malaysian and overseas universities were found to be better prepared for hospital practice.
Social implications
An understanding on preparedness for hospital practice among newly graduated medical officers is a step forward in assuring patient safety and quality of care.
Originality/value
Although of significant importance, however, a study of this nature is rarely researched and the first for Malaysian houseman.
Child and adult obesity continue to be major health concerns in the United States and can contribute to the development of chronic diseases. Culinary medicine, which incorporates teaching kitchens ...and gardens, may be a useful strategy for preventing and/or treating obesity-related disease by providing the knowledge and skills that encourage consumption of whole plant-based foods prepared at home. Though emerging research describes the benefits of culinary medicine-based programming, examples of teaching kitchens and culinary gardens being integrated into current clinical practice is minimal. Here, we describe the development of innovative, community-centered culinary medicine programming borne from interdisciplinary collaboration at a leading healthcare system. Preliminary outcomes suggest improvements in anthropometrics, cardiometabolic risk factors, and participation in healthy lifestyle behaviors in pediatric weight management patients, as well as improved confidence, knowledge, and likelihood to prepare whole food, plant-based meals in healthcare employees following participation in culinary medicine workshops. Hospitals and culinary medicine partners can support each other through shared knowledge, vision, and resources to provide value-based care to patients in the community. Collaboration among gardeners, chefs, architects, educators, and healthcare professionals can transfer traditional physician-driven care to patients, empowering them with the tools, resources, and confidence to improve health and wellbeing.
In recent time, data analysis using machine learning accelerates optimized solutions on clinical healthcare systems. The machine learning methods greatly offer an efficient prediction ability in ...diagnosis system alternative with the clinicians. Most of the systems operate on the extracted features from the patients and most of the predicted cases are accurate. However, in recent time, the prevalence of COVID-19 has emerged the global healthcare industry to find a new drug that suppresses the pandemic outbreak. In this paper, we design a Deep Neural Network (DNN) model that accurately finds the protein-ligand interactions with the drug used. The DNN senses the response of protein-ligand interactions for a specific drug and identifies which drug makes the interaction that combats effectively the virus. With limited genome sequence of Indian patients submitted to the GISAID database, we find that the DNN system is effective in identifying the protein-ligand interactions for a specific drug.
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