The significance that people grant to their affiliations as members of nations, religions, classes, races, ethnicities and genders is evidence of the vital need for a cosmopolitan project that ...originates in the figure of Anyone - the universal and yet individual human being. Cosmopolitanism offers an alternative to multiculturalism, a different vision of identity, belonging, solidarity and justice, that avoids the seemingly intractable character of identity politics: it identifies samenesses of the human condition that underlie the surface differences of history, culture and society, nation, ethnicity, religion, class, race and gender. This book argues for the importance of cosmopolitanism as a theory of human being, as a methodology for social science and as a moral and political program.
Keywords: 5-HT.sub.1A; behavior; brain ischemia; cannabidiol; CB.sub.1; CB.sub.2; PPAR-gamma An ever-increasing body of preclinical studies has shown the multifaceted neuroprotective profile of ...cannabidiol (CBD) against impairments caused by cerebral ischemia. In this study, we have explored the neuropharmacological mechanisms of CBD action and its impact on functional recovery using a model of transient global cerebral ischemia in mice. C57BL/6J mice were subjected to bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) for 20 min and received vehicle or CBD (10 mg/Kg) 0.5 hr before and 3, 24, and 48 hr after reperfusion. To investigate the neuropharmacological mechanisms of CBD, the animals were injected with CB.sub.1 (AM251, 1 mg/kg), CB.sub.2 (AM630, 1 mg/kg), 5-HT.sub.1A (WAY-100635, 10 mg/kg), or PPAR-gamma (GW9662, 3 mg/kg) receptor antagonists 0.5 hr prior to each injection of CBD. The animals were evaluated using a multi-task testing battery that included the open field, elevated zero maze, Y-maze (YM), and forced swim test. CBD prevented anxiety-like behavior, memory impairments, and despair-like behaviors induced by BCCAO in mice. The anxiolytic-like effects of CBD in BCCAO mice were attenuated by CB.sub.1, CB.sub.2, 5-HT.sub.1A, and PPAR-gamma receptor antagonists. In the YM, both CBD and the CB.sub.1 receptor antagonist AM251 increased the exploration of the novel arm in ischemic animals, indicating beneficial effects of these treatments in the spatial memory performance. Together, these findings indicate the involvement of CB.sub.1, CB.sub.2, 5-HT.sub.1A, and PPAR-gamma receptors in the functional recovery induced by CBD in BCCAO mice. Article Note: Marco Aurelio Mori and Erika Meyer contributed equally to this study. Edited by Dr. Bita Moghaddam Byline: Marco Aurelio Mori, Erika Meyer, Francielly F. Silva, Humberto Milani, Francisco Silveira Guimaraes, Rubia Maria Weffort Oliveira
•A new high-performing deep neural network-based approach for AudioVisual Emotion Recognition (AVER).•Learning two independent feature extractors specialised for emotion recognition.•Learning two ...independent feature extractors that could be employed for any downstream audiovisual emotion recognition task.•Applying knowledge distillation (specifically, self-distillation), alongside additional unlabeled data for FER.•Learning the spatio-temporal dynamics via a recurrent neural network for AVER.
Emotional expressions are the behaviors that communicate our emotional state or attitude to others. They are expressed through verbal and non-verbal communication. Complex human behavior can be understood by studying physical features from multiple modalities; mainly facial, vocal and physical gestures. Recently, spontaneous multi-modal emotion recognition has been extensively studied for human behavior analysis. In this paper, we propose a new deep learning-based approach for audio-visual emotion recognition. Our approach leverages recent advances in deep learning like knowledge distillation and high-performing deep architectures. The deep feature representations of the audio and visual modalities are fused based on a model-level fusion strategy. A recurrent neural network is then used to capture the temporal dynamics. Our proposed approach substantially outperforms state-of-the-art approaches in predicting valence on the RECOLA dataset. Moreover, our proposed visual facial expression feature extraction network outperforms state-of-the-art results on the AffectNet and Google Facial Expression Comparison datasets.
It has been shown that human behavior, observed as a time-series of physical activity intensity, exhibits a temporal fractal nature (TFN) characterized by the pattern of alternating active and rest ...periods. Furthermore, this nature is altered by the health conditions of an individual and can potentially be used as biomarkers. In this paper, we focus on human behavior observed as a time-series of personal computer (PC) operations, such as keystrokes and mouse clicks. Using data from 35 healthy office workers over three months, we demonstrated that human behavior in PC operations also exhibits a TFN equivalent to that of physical activity. By defining daily workload as the ratio of total active duration to the total active and rest duration in a day, we showed how humans adapt to workload fluctuations: (1) active durations follow a stretched exponential type distribution with a workload-dependent scale parameter; (2) rest durations follow a scale-free type distribution with a workload-dependent shape parameter (scaling exponent); (3) long active and short rest periods (and vice versa) tend to cluster together in a fractal manner with long-range temporal correlations invariant to workload fluctuations. These findings deepen our understanding of the TFN of human behavior and highlight the importance of considering workload when developing robust biomarkers based on the TFN.
•We investigated human behavior in personal computer operations of office workers.•The behavior exhibited temporal fractal pattern of active and rest durations.•The pattern varied with the daily workload.•We clarified the human behavioral mechanism to adapt to fluctuations in workload.
Abstract
Based on real-world interactions in our lives and in the lives of our ancestors, humans have developed a multitude of psychological, social, and reflexive actions for efficient living. We ...consider the integration of similar behaviours into embodied robots through the design of their sensory systems, evaluating their impact through a novel lens: how magicians exploit these human behaviours in order to fool their spectators into experiencing impossible events. We explore the consequences of designing agents which can experience magic effects, and argue that such design facilities lifelike actions.
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