Responding to a disaster encompasses a myriad of humanitarian actions; the ultimate and crucial is immediate relief distribution. Making effective decisions in chaotic disaster environment is always ...complex and challenging. Decisions made here are heavily influenced by the decisions made in several related problem areas such as facility locations, relief supply chain, transportation, scheduling, and inventory management. While each of these problem areas has its own set of decision factors, several of these factors are also common in multiple problem areas. These common decision factors offer both an opportunity and a challenge. The challenge is to balance the relative importance of a factor that is common between one or more problem areas—one factor that is considered vital in one area may have a lower priority in another area. The opportunity here is to develop a common framework that can help all problem areas to work together to achieve the main objective of effectively distributing essential relief goods among affected people. While the literature has studied individual problem areas and their decision factors, an integrated view showing the linkages between multiple problem areas is missing. In this paper, we propose such an integrative framework. Based on a systematic review of the literature, we first identified problem areas that are linked to relief distribution and then identified the linkages between these areas. We synthesized the findings into a conceptual framework and validated it through a panel of experienced field experts who work in relief distribution. We framed our refined framework as an information ecosystem of humanitarian actions where relief distribution resides at the core. Such a conceptualization will not only enrich the in-depth understanding of humanitarian domain, but also offer insights for developing computer-based decision support systems for relief distribution.
Rad se bavi ulogom medija u društvu te važnošću profesionalnoga izvještavanja i odgoja za medije, posebice u kontekstu djece i zaštite dječjih prava. Humanitarne akcije namijenjene djeci česta su ...tema u medijima, no paradoks je da su djeca i njihove potrebe, kao i njihova prava, posebice parvo na privatnost i izražavanje mišljenja, marginalizirani. Na javnost se često apelira putem medija kroz humanitarne akcije te se izazivanjem snažnih i krajnjih emocija potiče na pomoć. Nerijetko je baš u takvim slučajevima dijete kao glavni subjekt humanitarne akcije ogoljeno te je njegova intima dostupna svima, često pod argumentom da je sve što je u interesu javnosti opravdano. Cilj je rada, pregledom dosadašnjih spoznaja, ukazati na važnost zaštite djece kao najosjetljivije skupine društva i dječjih prava u prosocijalnim sadržajima kao što su humanitarne akcije. Rad će dati i pregled stanja prikazivanja humanitarnih akcija za pomoć djeci u afričkim zemljama.
The author writes about the role of the media in society, the importance of media ethics and media education, especially in the context of children and the protection of children’s rights. Humanitarian actions aimed at children in need are a frequent topic in the media, but, paradoxically, children and their needs as well as their rights, especially the right to privacy and the right to expression of opinion, are marginalised. The media often appeal to the audience to take part in extending aid through humanitarian actions and by stimulating extreme emotions among members of the audience. It often occurs in such cases that a child, as the main subject of a humanitarian action, gets overly exposed, his/her intimacy thus being accessible to everyone. Such phenomena are often accounted for by the argument that anything being done in the public interest is justified. The aim of this paper is to outline the importance of protecting children as the most vulnerable group of society and children’s rights in prosocial media content such as humanitarian actions. The paper also provides an overview of the status of reporting on humanitarian actions aimed to help children in African countries.
The equilibrium between a healthy environment, the energy our society needs to maintain or improve this lifestyle, and the world’s interconnected economies, could pass more quickly than expected from ...the current complex balance to an entirely new reality where human beings would need to be more creative than ever before to survive. The frequency and severity that certain weather and climate-related events are having around us is increasing, and the ability of human beings to modify our adjacent surroundings has turned into a power capable of altering the planet. Do the media arts have a role in all this?
A passion for society Wilkinson, Iain; Kleinman, Arthur
2016., 20160126, 2016, 2016-01-26, Letnik:
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eBook
What does human suffering mean for society? And how has this meaning changed from the past to the present? In what ways does “the problem of suffering” serve to inspire us to care for others? How ...does our response to suffering reveal our moral and social conditions? In this trenchant work, Arthur Kleinman—a renowned figure in medical anthropology—and Iain Wilkinson, an award-winning sociologist, team up to offer some answers to these profound questions. A Passion for Society investigates the historical development and current state of social science with a focus on how this development has been shaped in response to problems of social suffering. Following a line of criticism offered by key social theorists and cultural commentators who themselves were unhappy with the professionalization of social science, Wilkinson and Kleinman provide a critical commentary on how studies of society have moved from an original concern with social suffering and its amelioration to dispassionate inquiries. The authors demonstrate how social action through caring for others is revitalizing and remaking the discipline of social science, and they examine the potential for achieving greater understanding though a moral commitment to the practice of care for others. In this deeply considered work, Wilkinson and Kleinman argue for an engaged social science that connects critical thought with social action, that seeks to learn through caregiving, and that operates with a commitment to establish and sustain humane forms of society.
The Responsibility to Protect is making its way in the international legal order based on a contemporary interpretation of the structural Principles of the International Law. From a theoretical ...perspective, the concept of "responsibility to protect" has achieved a significant degree of acceptance, both by the scientific doctrine and by States and International Organizations, although its effectiveness in specific situations of the international practice is still to be seen. However, a notion of this kind is not only displacing other traditional figures such as "the intervention of humanity" but, above all, it modifies the legal perception of some principles as essential as the sovereignty of States or the prohibition of the use of force in international relations. At the heart of the matter, "the responsibility to protect" is consolidating and, at the same time, the concept of International Community is acquiring greater practical meaning and it is becoming more necessary in the attempt to advocate, with greater intensity, the defence of human rights.
Ce travail de recherche s’inscrit dans le champ de la communication engageante. Un certain nombre de travaux antérieurs se sont intéressés à la pratique de la communication engageante dans un ...contexte de face à face. La contribution de ce travail porte sur l’étude de la communication engageante dans un contexte de communication médiatisée par ordinateur. Véritable travail interdisciplinaire, il se situe au creuset de la psychologie sociale, des sciences de l’information et de la communication et de l’informatique. La question de recherche consiste à s’interroger sur la transposition des conditions et techniques de l’engagement dans des environnements numériques. Pour répondre à cette question, un travail de terrain a été réalisé sur le thème de l’humanitaire sur le web. Les stratégies de communications en ligne des organisations humanitaires ont été étudiées de façon approfondie. Par la suite un travail de terrain a été articulé autour de plusieurs expérimentations conduites en face à face puis en ligne dans un contexte humanitaire. Le choix a été fait de privilégier la production expérimentale dans des conditions naturelles. Si l’efficacité de la communication engageante est incontestable dans le cadre de la communication en face à face, les résultats sont moins probants dans le cadre des expérimentations conduites dans les environnements numériques. S’amorce alors une analyse critique permettant de mieux comprendre les raisons de ces résultats.
This research is in the field of binding communications. A number of previous studies have focused on the practice of binding communications in the face-to-face setting. This research provides a contribution to the field with novel experiments of binding communication in the context of computer mediated communications. It is a true interdisciplinary research with foundations in social psychology, information communication sciences and information communication technology. The research question is to examine the implementation of binding communication techniques in the computer mediated setting. To answer this question, fieldwork was carried out on the theme of humanitarianism on the Web. The online communication strategies of popular humanitarian organizations have been extensively studied. Subsequently, fieldwork was structured around several experiments conducted in the face-to-face and online settings in a humanitarian context. The choice was made to focus our experimental studies in real world conditions as opposed to developing laboratory setting tests. If the effectiveness of binding communication strategies is undeniable in the face-to-face setting, the results are less convincing in our experiments conducted in the computer mediated environment. This research paves the way for future critical analyses needed in order to better understand the results obtained from our experimentations.
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