Background: Professional quality of life pertains to the balance between compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction. In recent years, there was an increase in compassion fatigue among medical ...staff due to the pandemic, all over the world, while compassion satisfaction was reported at a moderate level.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between workplace humour and professional quality of life among medical staff, as well as the moderating role of compassion in this relationship.
Method: The sample consisted of 189 participants (Mage = 41.01; SD = 9.58). Of the total sample, 57.1% are physicians, 32.3% are nurses and 6.9% are clinical psychologists. The participants completed scales measuring compassion, workplace humour, and professional quality of life.
Results: The results showed that self-enhancing and affiliative humour were positively related, while self-defeating humour was negatively related to compassion satisfaction. Burnout and secondary traumatic stress were negatively related to self-enhancing humour and positively related to self-defeating humour. Compassion moderated the relationship between affiliative humour and secondary traumatic stress.
Conclusions: Encouraging coping strategies based on adaptive humour (i.e. affiliative humour, self-enhancing) and raising awareness about negative humour strategies (i.e. self-defeating) could contribute to an increase of quality of life among healthcare providers. Another conclusion derived from the present study sustains that compassion is a valuable personal resource positively related to compassion satisfaction. Compassion also facilitates the relationship between affiliative humour and low secondary traumatic stress. Thus, encouraging compassionate skills could be beneficial for the optimal professional quality of life.
Self-enhancing and affiliative humour were positively related, while self-defeating humour was negatively related to compassion satisfaction.
Burnout and secondary traumatic stress were negatively related to self-enhancing humour and positively related to self-defeating humour.
Compassion moderated the relationship between affiliative humour and secondary traumatic stress.
This paper sets out to explore the nature of the humour generated when pairs of young children talk and draw together. Emphasis is on children's use of language since most of our humorous instances ...are expressed verbally rather than visually. Humour's various features proved to be highly complicated, however, as examples often transcend boundaries, so in order to facilitate debate our findings were classified and discussed under the following headings: preposterous statements, exaggeration and humorous anecdotes; telling jokes; singing and chanting, playing with words, and rhyming and repeating; bodily functions, body parts and nakedness; narrative humour related to drawing. Although we found many common elements, humour, in terms of its development and progression, appeared to depend on an increasing ability to manipulate language, a deepening understanding of the cultural context in which children lived and overall, a particularly strong sense of the absurd.
Abstract
Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is a vitreous humour substitutes in vitreoretinal surgery to treat retinal detachment. PDMS was synthesized from the monomer octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4). ...However, D4 is difficult to obtain in Indonesia. So, we need an alternative to replace PDMS. One type of siloxane polymer that can be a potential substitute as PDMS is polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS). In this study, PMHS was obtained from the hydrolysis-condensation process of dichloromethylsilane (DCHS). The hydrolysis process produces monomer that is ready for the condensation process to produce PMHS. Monomer and polymer samples were characterized to determine viscosity, surface tension, refractive index, and functional groups. The monomer sample has a viscosity in the range of 28.7-36.4 mPa.s. The surface tension and refractive index are in the range of 17-18 mN/m and 1.3954-1.3958. The polymer sample has a viscosity of 560-1130 mPa.s with a surface tension of 19 mN/m and a refractive index in the range of 1.3966-1.3970. From the FTIR measurements, all major functional groups in both monomers and polymers of PDMS were observed with the addition of Si-H functional groups which characterize PMHS. These results indicate that PMHS with low viscosity has been successfully obtained by hydrolysis- condensation method of DCHS.
Abstract
In the 1960s and 1970s Rhodesian settlers engaged in a violent struggle to maintain white minority rule. Humour and jokes offer insights into how different sections of the settler population ...attempted to articulate a distinct Rhodesian-ness in this historical situation. I argue that jokes told by white men, for white men, both expressed an idealized white masculinity and engaged fears over its impossibility. In exploring these dynamics I show how humour can be used to explore the production and regulation of social identities and the symbiotic, unnerving relations between white power and white anxiety.
É sério?! O Humor no Jornalismo OLIVEIRA, Jair Antonio de
DELTA. Documentação de estudos em lingüística teórica e aplicada/DELTA. Documentação de estudos em linguística teórica e aplicada,
12/2016, Letnik:
32, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é falar "em" humor e não "sobre" o humor no discurso jornalístico. Especificadamente, o propósito é desconstruir a dicotomia entre a seriedade do jornalismo e a não ...seriedade do humor, a fim de mostrar que essa separação é apenas uma articulação ideológica sustentada por uma concepção de linguagem como representação do mundo que invoca constantemente a noção de verdade e objetividade para legitimar os fatos que descreve. O referencial teórico é a teoria dos atos de fala (Austin, 1990) e a Pragmática Linguística (Mey, 1993; Rajagopalan, 2003).
The aim of this paper is to compare the appreciation of humor that a sample of citizens in Spain has expressed about two different types of ethnic humor produced by two successful television programs ...from two autonomous communities in Spain: the Basque Country and Catalonia. Both regions are well-known in the Spanish society for their specific cultural and political features, which are seen as different from the rest of the country. To some extent, their particular character is fixed in the Spanish collective imaginary by some particular stereotypes, represented in stupidity and canniness jokes, following the model investigated by Christie Davies. In contrast to these jokes, the present study focuses on the ethnic humor circulated in these two regions, a kind of humor that is based on their specific identity and where it is possible to combine elements of self-deprecating humor and elements of aggressive humor towards Spain. More specifically, this work tries to test if the political background that these two regions represent in Spain –societies that dares the cohesion of the Spanish identity, even fighting for nationalist recognitions of political rights- could influence or not in the appreciation that the Spanish citizens as a whole have of this ethnic humor that Basques and Catalans produce.
A main cause of vision loss in the elderly is age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Among the cellular, biochemical, and molecular changes linked to this disease, inflammation and angiogenesis ...appear as being crucial in AMD pathogenesis and progression. There are two forms of the disease: dry AMD, accounting for 80-90% of cases, and wet AMD. The disease usually begins as dry AMD associated with retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptor degeneration, whereas wet AMD is associated with choroidal neovascularization resulting in severe vision impairment. The new vessels are largely malformed, leading to blood and fluid leakage within the disrupted tissue, which provokes inflammation and scar formation and results in retinal damage and detachment. MicroRNAs are dysregulated in AMD and may facilitate the early detection of the disease and monitoring disease progression. Two recent reviews of microRNAs in AMD had indicated weaknesses or limitations in four earlier investigations. Studies in the last three years have shown considerable progress in overcoming some of these concerns and identifying specific microRNAs as biomarkers for AMD. Further large-scale studies are warranted using appropriate statistical methods to take into account gender and age disparity in the study populations and confounding factors such as smoking status.
Every Cloud has a Silver Lining Tuksar, Sunčana; Labaš, Danijel
Medijska istraživanja,
2021, Letnik:
27, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
During the COVID-19 lockdowns, images (memes, GIFs, pictures, etc.) were largely consumed via social media. The purpose of the study is to establish a relevant research model in order to ...contextualize images as transmedia communicative documents during lockdowns (March-June 2020). The research method is a visual semiotic analysis used to evaluate the data for inter-coded reliability. The corpus is comprised of 300 visual representations identified regarding the salient participants metaphorically represented as “real”. On the one hand, the semantic-sensory relationships between images and viewers rhetorically imply a proverbial frame ‘Every cloud has a silver lining’; on the other hand, the persuasive concept of humour is established by multimodal tools, which further shape the audience. The salient domains of ‘staying home’ and ‘going away’ point towards more specific variables, e.g. education or tourism. The results confirm the modality judgement of humorous construct as a valuable document regarding the pandemic situation. According to its unique rhetorical features produced by the image-message-receiver relationships, the consolidation of data sets the ground for strategies and signifiers, with the function of a) presenting the adaptation of norms and b) setting the ground for consequent studies. Conclusively, the survey was conducted at Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, which confirmed students’ positive attitudes about using images for visual literacy. New findings are juxtaposed with previous knowledge in order to enforce the proposed research as a model for further narrative cognition. One such example is the burning question of how the media shapes the general public opinion on the coronavirus vaccine.
Tijekom lockdowna uslijed pandemije bolesti COVID-19, putem društvenih mreža uvelike su se konzumirale slike (memovi, GIF-ovi, fotografije itd.). Svrha je istraživanja uspostaviti relevantan transmedijski komunikološki istraživački model kojim se pomoću slika kontekstualno dokumentira određeni period (ožujak – lipanj 2020.). Metoda je vizualna semiotička analiza, kojom se ispituju pouzdanosti kodiranja između slika. Korpus čini 300 vizualnih reprezentacija odabranih prema njihovim istaknutim sudionicima metaforički zastupljenima u odnosu na „stvarnost“. S jedne strane, semantičko-osjetilna veza između slike i promatrača retorički se implicira poslovicom „Svako zlo za neko dobro“. S druge strane, multimodalni alati uspostavljaju humorni persuazivni koncept koji oblikuje publiku. Istaknute domene „ostati doma“ i „izići“ upućuju na određenije varijable, npr. obrazovanje ili turizam. Rezultati potvrđuju modalne prosudbe vezane uz konstrukt humora kao valjanog dokumenta pandemijske situacije. S obzirom na jedinstvena obilježja proizvedena u odnosu slika – poruka – primatelj, konsolidacija podataka predstavlja uporište za strategije i označitelje u funkciji a) predstavljanja i adaptiranja normi te b) postavljanja temelja za buduća istraživanja. Shodno tome, na Sveučilištu Jurja Dobrile u Puli provedena je anketa kojom se potvrđuju pozitivni stavovi studenata za korištenje slika u svrhu medijske edukacije. Strukturiranjem prethodnih spoznaja i novih rezultata, ovo istraživanje postaje modelom za daljnje narativne spoznaje. Jedan je primjer važno pitanje kako mediji utječu na oblikovanje stavova javnosti u vezi cijepljenja protiv koronavirusa.
Objectives
Previous studies on the comprehension and appreciation of humour in individuals with Williams syndrome (WS) have only included complex types of humour that required complex cognitive ...abilities. Additionally, although individuals with WS have been described as having a bias towards positive emotions, no study has investigated their expressive responses to humour.
Methods
The present study examined basic humour processing skills, as well as expressive responses to simple humorous and non-humorous stimuli in individuals with WS (N = 8) compared to mental-age matched typically developing (TD) children (N = 9). Participants were shown short funny and non-funny excerpts of the movies “Ice Age” and “Madagascar” and were asked to rate their level of amusement. Their expressive responses, namely smiles and laughs, were coded and analysed.
Results
Individuals with WS seem to be able to discriminate between humorous and non-humorous conditions and appreciate simple humorous content as much as TD individuals. As such, they are equally able to process simple types of humour as their mental-age matched counterparts. Additionally, and in line with their positivity bias, individuals with WS expressed more frequent and more intense laughter than the control group.
Conclusion
Individuals with WS appreciate simple humour as much as TD individuals, and they seem to display a particularly high expressivity in response to humorous stimuli.
Purpose
To elucidate detailed epidemiological profile of common types of anterior uveitis (AU) in real-world clinical setting of a tertiary facility in Japan, and to evaluate the characteristic ...clinical findings at initial presentation.
Study design
Retrospective cohort study.
Methods
Clinical charts of 275 patients (335 eyes) aged 52.5 ± 19.1 years were reviewed retrospectively. Herpetic AU was diagnosed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction tests using aqueous humor. Time of uveitis onset, gender, laterality, disease course since the initial onset of AU, visual acuity (VA) and intraocular pressure (IOP) at first visit, and definitive diagnosis were collected from clinical charts.
Results
Acute AU (AAU) was the most common (21.8%) form of AU; followed by herpetic AU (20.7%) comprising Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) (8.0%), Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) (9.1%) and cytomegalo virus (CMV) (3.6%); scleritis (13.5%); diabetic iritis (7.6%), and Posner-Schlossman syndrome (5.5%). Unilateral AU constituted 78.2%, and VA less than 20/30 accounted for 31.2%. Of all the eyes, 16.1% had an IOP higher than 20 mmHg, out of which 37.0% had herpetic AU, followed by scleritis in 25.9%, and Posner-Schlossman syndrome (PSS) in 11.1%. AU patients over 60 years of age were 40.4%, in which 34.2% had herpetic AU, followed by scleritis in 14.4% and AAU in 13.5%. Herpetic AU patients were significantly older and had higher IOP compared with AAU patients.
Conclusion
The most frequent AU was AAU, followed by herpetic AU. Herpetic AU patients were older and had higher intraocular pressure than AAU patients, although VA was equally impaired in both groups.
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