Background: Many people find it difficult to lose weight, but it is even more of a challenge to maintain the achieved weight loss. It is typical for patients on weight-loss medication to regain most ...of their weight when discontinuing their treatment. Our hypothesis was that the novel weight loss product EMP16, a modified release combination product using orlistat and acarbose, would be associated with less weight regain after a 6-month intervention period. Methods: After completing a 6-month study testing two doses of EMP16 versus placebo, 125 participants agreed to return for a followup visit six months after discontinuing the study treatment. In the intervention period, EMP16 120 mg orlistat/ 40 mg acarbose, EMP16 150/50 and placebo had been compared. At the follow-up visit weight, HbA1c and blood pressure (BP) were measured. The participants remained blinded to their treatment, but some of the clinical personnel had access to un-blinded data. Results: Of the 125 participants, 97 (mean (SD) age 52.6 (11.6) years, 71% females) attended the 6-month follow-up visit. The mean (confidence interval) relative weight loss at the end of the treatment period was -6.6 (-8.1 to -5.0) -7.0 (-8.4 to -5.5) and -1.3 (-2.7 to 0.1) % in the EMP16 120/40, EMP16 150/50 and placebo groups, respectively. At follow-up six months after discontinuing treatment, the mean (CI) relative weight loss was -1.6 (-3.7 to 0.5), -2.8 ( -4.4 to -1.2), and -0.3 (-2.6 to 1.9) %. There were no differences in HbA1c between the groups at the follow-up period. Systolic BP returned to baseline in the intervention groups, but not in the placebo group 1.1 (-1.7 to 3.9), 2.7 (-0.5 to 5.9), and -4.5 (-7.9 to -1.0) mmHg; EMP16 120/40, EMP16 150/50 and placebo group, respectively. The same pattern was observed in diastolic BP. Conclusions: Six months after treatment with a modified release combination product using orlistat and acarbose the maintained weight loss was greater than observed in similar studies with other weightloss medications. This finding strengthens our hypothesis that EMP16 is associated with less of a weight rebound than other weight-loss medication. The results of this explorative study have to be investigated further in a larger population and possibly after medication for a longer time.
This paper explores our proposal’s conceptual depth and implications for the hypothesis generation as conditional. To do so, we will contrast it mainly with reading passages from one of the ...paradigmatic presentations of hypothesis generation: the work of C.S. Peirce. Indeed, in his work, the notion of hypothesis gains a relevant place from a logical point of view. In particular, we will focus on (i) showing that “hypothesis” in Peirce can hardly be identified with just a section of the rule that subsumes the surprising case and (ii) we will show that the proposed hypotheses generation as conditionals allows for a complementary and enlightening reading of his idea of abduction.
O estudo verificou se a existência de gestores do gênero masculino impacta na probabilidade de prestação de contas de gestão ser ressalvada ou julgada como irregular pelo Tribunal de Contas dos ...Municípios do Estado de Goiás. Para testar a hipótese levantada foram utilizados dados referentes às contas de gestão dos 246 municípios de Goiás, de 2010 a 2018. Foi estimado o modelo de regressão logística multinomial para fins de mensuração da probabilidade de as contas de gestores do gênero masculino serem ressalvadas ou julgadas irregulares. Os resultados mostraram que gestores do gênero masculino influenciam positivamente na probabilidade de as contas de gestão serem julgadas regulares com ressalvas, com imputação de multas ou julgadas irregulares, deste modo, a hipótese da pesquisa não foi refutada. Diante deste quadro, é possível concluir que a prestação de contas cujo gestor seja do gênero feminino tem menor chance de conter irregularidades.
As grandes hidrelétricas representam a principal fonte da matriz energética brasileira, sendo que a operação e as transações destes grandes empreendimentos ocorrem, predominantemente, via ...estabelecimento de instrumentos contratuais. Nesse contexto, o propósito deste estudo foi verificar as relações entre os custos de transação (ex-ante e ex-post) inerentes à gestão de instrumentos contratuais na usina hidrelétrica de Itaipu. Foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva de natureza quali-quantitativa e, partindo da premissa hipotético-dedutiva, seis hipóteses de pesquisa foram formuladas. Foram corroboradas as hipóteses H4 e H5, parcialmente as hipóteses H1 e H2, e refutadas as hipóteses H3 e H6, sendo que nesta última, partiu-se do resultado da modelagem de equações estruturais, utilizando a técnica PLS. Por fim, a partir da perspectiva da teoria dos custos de transação, foram discutidos os resultados, bem como analisadas as potenciais razões para rejeição e para confirmação das hipóteses propostas e, na sequência, novas frentes de pesquisa foram recomendadas.
The objective of the investigation was to obtain the level of relationship between health policies and the administration of financial resources of Hospital Belén de Trujillo by 2021, the sample ...consisted of 53 people, the chosen method obeys the qualitative-quantitative paradigm, I use the descriptive scalar technique organized in a set of items according to their indicators, the hypotheses were tested, calculating correlational Student-T using the SPSS (r of H1.1: 0.499, r of H1.2: 0.686, r of H1.3 : 0.576, r of H1.4: 0.527, r of H1.5: 0.546, r of H1.6: 0.633, r of H1.7: 0.434, r of H1.8: 0.577, r of H1.9: 0.619 ), with a 95% reliability cup, using the non-parametric Spearman statistic (p); concluding that the correlation ranges from positively weak to positively strong, a fact that leads to rejecting the hypotheses from H01.1 to H01.9; accepting the alternative hypotheses from H1.1; up to H1.9. The interpretation of the statistical parameter, consistent with the findings, is based on the behavior of the study variables that systematizes the proposal: psycho-educational courseworkshop "Work-emotional preparation" that neutralizes the abnormal political-administrative behavior derived from the policies health and the administration of financial resources.
Bu çalışma yurtiçi yatırımlar ve tasarruflar arasındaki ilişkiyi sermaye hareketliliǧi çerçevesinde ele alan Feldstein-Horioka hipotezinin 1980-2020 döneminde Türkiye için geçerli olup olmadıǧını ...araştırmaktadır. Deǧişkenlerin duraǧanlık seviyelerinin ortaya çıkarılmasında KPSS testine dayalı Fourier KPSS duraǧanlık testine başvurulmuştur. Yurtiçi yatırım ve tasarruf deǧişkenleri arasındaki eşbütünleşme ilişkisi hem eşbütünleşme ilişkisinde yapısal deǧişime izin veren Fourier eşbütünleşme hem de Shin eşbütünleşme testi aracılıǧıyla ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Çalışmada kurulan modelin katsayısının tahmin edilmesinde Dinamik Sıradan En Küçük Kareler yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar yapısal deǧişime izin verildiǧinde tasarruflar ve yatırımlar arasında uzun dönemli bir ilişkinin olduǧunu göstermektedir. Çalışmada; baǧımsız deǧişken olarak ele alınan tasarruf katsayısının sıfıra yakın ve sermaye hareketliliǧinin yüksek olduǧu belirlenirken, Türkiye'de yurtiçi tasarrufların yatırımları karşılamada yetersiz kaldıǧı ortaya konmaktadır. Sonuç olarak Türkiye için Feldstein-Horioka hipotezinin geçerli olmadıǧı belirlenmiştir. Türkiye yurtiçi yatırımları karşılamada tasarruf yetersizliǧi ile karşı karşıya kaldıǧından, yabancı sermayenin ülkeye girişini teşvik edici politikaların geliştirilmesi, ülkede daha fazla yatırım yapılabilmesine olanak saǧlayarak daha hızlı büyümesine de katkı saǧlayacaktır.
ABSTRACT In 1594, Cornells Claesz published in Amsterdam a map of the world, drawn by Petrus Plancius and engraved by Joannes van Doetecum. ...Plancius' work included an allegorical representation of ..."Magellanica" which is almost unique: the personification is mounted on an elephant and heads a herd of pachyderms and their mahouts, together with other animals, in the proximity of the Strait. The article offers three hypotheses in an attempt to explain this strange iconography. Igualmente, el predominio de ideas armonizantes implicó proyectar en el hemisferio austral masas de tierra que equilibrasen las existentes en el boreal: de la combinación de esas nociones y las primeras exploraciones de los mares del sur, surgió la idea de una pars quinta o terra australis incognita (Eisler, 1995; Hiatt, 2008; Scott et al. 2011; Lois, 2015).
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