Prema jednoj austrijskoj anketi, naši građani na privremenom boravku i radu u pokrajini Beč pripadaju najnižoj socijalnoj kategoriji. Njihova djeca školuju se u Volksschule, rijetko kad dospijevaju ...dalje od Hauptschule (viši razredi osnovne škole), a redovito su zastupljena i u Sonderschule (specijalna škola). Bečke osnovne škole nastoje integrirati djecu stranih radnika, ali vode brigu i o njihovoj reintegraciji u domovini. Deklariraju otpor prema asimilaciji mladih stranaca.
Pohađanje Jugoslawisch-Kursa (školski žargon za jugoslavensku dopunsku nastavu na materinskom jeziku) ionako je dobrovoljno, a gramatika materinskog jezika. koji je našoj djeci ponajčešće prvi strani jezik, čini im se suviše složenom, pa često odustaju od te vrste nastave. Postavlja se dilema da li bi bilo bolje izraditi atraktivne multimedijske nastavne programe koji bi malim migrantima omogućili da svladaju materinski jezik još za vrijeme boravka u inozemstvu, ili bi ih bilo bolje otrgnuti iz te sredine i vratiti u domovinu na školovanje.
DRŽAVA I KULTURA Kalanj, Rade
Socijalna ekologija,
09/1998, Letnik:
7, Številka:
4
Paper
Odprti dostop
Tekst se bavi propitivanjem odnosa države i kulture kao jednim od ključnih, ali dosta zanemarenih pitanja modernog poimanja razvoja. Kulturna je dimenzija uvedena u razvojnu tematiku kao izraz ...prevladavanja ekonomizma. Gledana iz te perspektive, država nema samo ekonomsku nego i kulturnu ulogu. Za problematizaciju odnosa države i kulture vrlo su relevantne ideje velikog povijesničara i mislioca Jacoba Burckhardta koji je, gotovo idealno–tipski, analizirao dva različita društvena oblika: jedan u kojemu država uvjetuje kulturu i drugi u kojemu kultura uvjetuje državu. No taj je odnos u suvremenom razvoju kompleksniji. Stoga se za njegovo razumijevanje predlažu dva metodičko–disciplinarna motrišta: kulturno–antropološko i sociološko–politološko. Prvo inzistira na integrativnoj funkciji kulture, njezinoj ulozi u oblikovanju moderne države, a drugo se bavi analizom političke moći kao subjekta kulturnog razvoja. Me|utim, u suvremenim se uvjetima pojavljuje i faktor tržišta, zbog kojeg odnos države i kulture nije više tako dihotomičan kao u tradicionalnoj opreci država/kultura. Stoga tekst pokušava naznačiti kako vladavina tržišta utječe na ponašanje kulturnih aktera i na djelovanje države.
U radu se analizira uloga sustava u Prostornom planu Republike Hrvatske, koja posebno dolazi do izražaja stvaranjem samostalne države. Prometna mreža treba pomoći integraciji hrvatskoga nacionalnog ...teritorija i njezinoj integraciji sa zemljama Europe.
Članak sažimlje osnovna demografska obilježja američko-meksičke pogranične regije, zacrtava ulogu maquila industrije (sastavljane komponenta) kao osnovice regionalne ekonomske integracije, naglašava ...njene posljedice za prekograničnu međuovisnot i ukazuje na nove razvoje tendencije unutar Sjevernoameričkog ugovora o slobodnoj trgovini. Članak se osvrće na jedinstveni primjer plana za transgranični ekonomski razvoj pod pokroviteljstvom državnih vlada Arizone u SAD i Sonore u Meksiku.
U članku autorica analizira ulogu integracije znanosti i tehnologije (proizvodnje) u prestrukturiranju gospodarstva. U skladu s procesom globalizacije i uključivanjem Slovenije u Europsku uniju, ...nužna je i integracija znanosti, tehnologije i proizvodne prakse. Predstavljena je uloga Štajerskog tehnološkog parka Pesnica kao oblika mogućeg učinkovitog znanstvenog transfera, koji bi pridonio razvoju Maribora, njegova gravitacijskog zaleđa i cijele regije.
This ambitious volume provides a trenchant and timely analysis of the creation of a single market in both the EU and the US. Comparing the experience of the US during the nineteenth century and the ...single market of the EU in the twentieth century, the book demonstrates how the political economy of single market formation has followed remarkably similar trajectories. Both cases show evidence of interplay between different levels of government in determining distributive outcomes; evolution of a legal framework for the market; and development of new regulatory strategies to deal with changing economic realities. The book illustrates the process of market consolidation through a detailed comparison of the so-called four freedoms: the removal of border controls; and the largely unrestricted transfer of goods, services, and capital across different jurisdictions. In both cases, establishing one market, one currency, and a more unified banking and financial system transformed largely autonomous or sovereign constituent units into a more unified economic entity. Single Markets also sheds light on critically important questions for both comparativists and international relations scholars regarding the nature of territorial governance and the construction of state interests. The book's interdisciplinary approach to focusing on crucial political and economic developments on both sides of the Atlantic will be of interest to scholars in political science, public policy, law, and history.
Consideration of the Aspects of the Transportation Systems Microscopic Model Application as Part of a Decision Support System
The article presents the experience in using decision support system ...(DSS) when managing urban transport system (UTS) and a possibility of using microscopic modelling as an integral part of the decision-support system (DSS) when managing the urban TS. To illustrate the problem and a possible DSS-based solution, an example of a specific project has been examined, where microscopic modelling was used for the analysis of possible reconstruction of a transport system (TS) fragment in the city of Riga, - which was performed in 2010 in the laboratory of applied software systems of the Transport and Telecommunication Journal Institute (in Riga). The project goal was the consideration of expediency for implementation of a pedestrian area in the street of city centre with the existing street traffic. The article formulates some problems that occurred in the process of development and application of simulation model for analysing various scenarios; some possible alternatives of their solution are suggested.
An alternative of possible DSS architecture for managing TS in Riga is suggested; some requirements to the data handling and organization in the system are examined. Special attention has been paid to the problem of synchronizing the data handling of macroscopic and microscopic models of urban TS. The article formulates the requirements to organization of data transmission interface between macroscopic and microscopic data. The suggested DSS concept can be used when solving various problems of transportation planning.
Straipsnyje apžvelgiamos Anderson pasiūlytos informacijos integracijos ir funkcinio matavimo teorijos. Nagrinėjamas funkcinio matavimo panaudojimas psichofizikoje, psichologinėje sprendimų priėmimo ...teorijoje ir raidos psichologijoje. Daroma išvada, kad šis požiūris yra svarbus įvairiose psichologijos srityse.
For Latvia with incoming into the European Union big opportunities in the international markets have opened. Paper purpose is to investigate influence of international integration processes on ...development of economy of Latvia. In paper various indicators of a national economy before and after incoming into EU are compared. In paper it is defined that joining to EU has increased for Latvia net grants from EU budget. But grants still do not promote development of economy of Latvia, but more stimulate development of internal demand. For demand gain satisfaction, in the conditions of poorly developed internal producing, from abroad the various goods are imported into Latvia, negative difference of export and import is increase. Also inflow of the capital to Latvia after incoming into EU is not used for positive changes in internal economy, and directed to the branches related with finance movings. Actually the industries have not felt essential inflow of the capital. After incoming into EU Latvia has started to export labour force. As a result of migration of labour in Latvia the rate of unemployment has decreased, the wages are grown, expenses on a labour that has grown, that reduced an export potential of internal products. EU grants, capital inflow, gain of wages has caused an inflation gain in Latvia. Considering that together with inflation purchasing capacity of inhabitants has grown, it is possible to draw a conclusion that the population well-being has grown. These processes mainly have short-term character. Migration will decrease, considering a gain of wages or because of reduction of labour resources; inflow of the speculative capital will stop because of insufficiency of reliable pledges. It is possible to assert that they will stop, when the standard of living in EU and Latvia will be approximately identical, i.e. in the end of cohesion process in EU. Most stabile is relation of grants and import. Grants are provided to reduce dependence of the state on import but on the contrary, grants increase import volume. Latvia still cannot find the specialisation in EU and in the global markets. Therefore it became dependent on grants of EU and on international help. Definition of specialisation and an effective using of grants could change situation and promote economy development in Latvia.
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