Finances in the international tourism are under the influence of globalization and integration processes the most dynamic development and becoming one of the influential factors on which it depends ...on growth of economy, increase of competitiveness of the country in world markets, improving the well-being of the population. Globalization refers to the process of globalization economic, political and cultural mutual rapprochement and education interconnections. The processes of globalization in the tourism market are characterized by change of technologies as change management approach, internationalization of business activity, modernization of transport infrastructure, the creation of a regulatory mechanism.
This article presents an investigation based on the problem of the non - existence in the city of Machala that allowed to analyze the need to establish an international trading company with Colombia, ...is a destination of many Ecuadorian products because they are neighbors and members of the Andean Community of Nations (CAN), for which a market study was carried out (supply and demand of services), feasibility, profitability and financial evaluation, with which it is hoped to stimulate the entrepreneurs and producers of the province of El Oro. The objective is to analyze the need to create an international trading company of products aimed at the Colombian market, research methodology is the deductive method for theoretical demonstration and empirical, the expected results are to determine favorable conditions existing for the creation of a business that serves as a commercial link between Peru, Ecuador and Colombia in the field of marketing. The export of products and services is a process where certain factors of supply chain management intervene as suppliers, distributors, transporters, among others, which allows an efficient distribution of the product towards an international market, thus producing viability and economic profitability expected from the trading company.
En este artículo se presenta una investigación basada en la problemática sobre la inexistencia en la ciudad de Machala, que permitió analizar la necesidad de establecer una empresa comercializadora internacional con Colombia, ya que es un destino de muchos productos ecuatorianos por ser vecinos y miembros de la Comunidad Andina de Naciones (CAN), por lo cual se realizó un estudio de mercado (oferta y demanda de los servicios), factibilidad, rentabilidad y evaluación financiera, con el cual se aspire a estimular a los empresarios y productores de la provincia de El Oro. El objetivo es analizar la necesidad de creación de una empresa comercializadora internacional de productos dirigidos hacia el mercado de Colombia, la metodología de investigación es el método deductivo para la demostración teórica y empírica, resultados esperados es determinar las condiciones favorables existentes para la creación de una empresa que sirva de nexo comercial entre Perú, Ecuador y Colombia en el ámbito de la comercialización. La exportación de productos y servicios es un proceso donde intervienen algunos factores propios de la gestión de cadena de suministro como proveedores, distribuidores, transportistas entre otros, que permite una distribución eficiente del producto hacia un mercado internacional produciendo de esta forma la viabilidad y rentabilidad económica esperada de la empresa comercializadora.
The questions of determining the role and place of the pension insurance system in the formation of the financial system of Ukraine, its influence on the development of the national economy are ...covered. Particular attention is paid to the study of the financial relationships of the national pension system with the main areas of the financial system of the state in the context of pension reform. The relationship of public finances with the pension insurance system is investigated, the main aspects of the impact of these two components of the financial system on each other are revealed. The new national pension legislation is analyzed, the role of the pension insurance system at the present stage of pension reform is noted. The evaluation of the formation and development of financial relations of the pension insurance system with the financial market, which is an important area of the financial system, is given. Attention is paid to the role of international financial institutions in the formation and development of national pension systems in European countries, their important legislative documents related to pension reform are analyzed. It is determined that at their initiative the main strategies, concepts, programs of development of national pension systems are being developed, taking into account the global risks posed to society. Attention is drawn to the priority of combined pension systems that combine state solidarity pension programs, as well as mandatory and voluntary savings. Ukraine also forms the type of national pension system that underpins the principles of pension insurance. It is substantiated that the financial potential of the pension insurance system will contribute to the development of the national economy of the country.
When turmoil strikes world monetary and financial markets, leaders invariably call for 'a new Bretton Woods' to prevent catastrophic economic disorder and defuse political conflict. The name of the ...remote New Hampshire town where representatives of forty-four nations gathered in July 1944, in the midst of the century's second great war, has become shorthand for enlightened globalization. The actual story surrounding the historic Bretton Woods accords, however, is full of startling drama, intrigue, and rivalry, which are vividly brought to life in Benn Steil's epic account.
Upending the conventional wisdom that Bretton Woods was the product of an amiable Anglo-American collaboration, Steil shows that it was in reality part of a much more ambitious geopolitical agenda hatched within President Franklin D. Roosevelt's Treasury and aimed at eliminating Britain as an economic and political rival. At the heart of the drama were the antipodal characters of John Maynard Keynes, the renowned and revolutionary British economist, and Harry Dexter White, the dogged, self-made American technocrat. Bringing to bear new and striking archival evidence, Steil offers the most compelling portrait yet of the complex and controversial figure of White--the architect of the dollar's privileged place in the Bretton Woods monetary system, who also, very privately, admired Soviet economic planning and engaged in clandestine communications with Soviet intelligence officials and agents over many years.
A remarkably deft work of storytelling that reveals how the blueprint for the postwar economic order was actually drawn,The Battle of Bretton Woodsis destined to become a classic of economic and political history.
Based on analysis of Brazilian economic indicators in the period 1995-2010, this paper aims to establish a comparative evaluation between FHC and Lula governments. The results indicate that the main ...macroeconomic and social variables as well as public finance indicators and external financial situation of the country showed a more virtuous behavior during Lula’s government. It is noticed that, especially regarding to macroeconomic policies, Lula did not cause significant changes in relation to what was already being implemented at the end of FHC government. Therefore, most of the results should not be attributed to the superiority of management but to the fact that the international economic environment was more favorable to Brazil in the period of 2003-2010 than in 1995-2002. Considering the significant differences in the economic numbers, the paper presents some reasons why it is possible to say that both governments left much to be done in other aspects of Brazilian social and economic reality, mainly regarding the absence of a national strategic plan able to initiate a process of structural and institutional changes that can effectively put Brazil on a way already covered by developed countries.
Inventário Macroeconômico do Governo Lula Silva, Jose Maria Alves da; Coronel, Daniel Arruda
Revista de economia e agronegócio,
2010, Letnik:
8, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
Based on analysis of Brazilian economic indicators in the period 1995-2010, this paper aims to establish a comparative evaluation between FHC and Lula governments. The results indicate that the main ...macroeconomic and social variables as well as public finance indicators and external financial situation of the country showed a more virtuous behavior during Lula’s government. It is noticed that, especially regarding to macroeconomic policies, Lula did not cause significant changes in relation to what was already being implemented at the end of FHC government. Therefore, most of the results should not be attributed to the superiority of management but to the fact that the international economic environment was more favorable to Brazil in the period of 2003-2010 than in 1995-2002. Considering the significant differences in the economic numbers, the paper presents some reasons why it is possible to say that both governments left much to be done in other aspects of Brazilian social and economic reality, mainly regarding the absence of a national strategic plan able to initiate a process of structural and institutional changes that can effectively put Brazil on a way already covered by developed countries.
Regulating Wall Street Acharya, Viral V; Cooley, Thomas F; Richardson, Matthew P ...
2010, 2010-10-28, c2011, Letnik:
608
eBook
'Regulating Wall Street' assesses the strengths and weaknesses of new regulations in response to the recent global financial crisis. It summarises key issues that regulatory reform should address, ...evaluates the key components of regulatory reform and provides analysis of how the reforms will affect financial firms and markets.
This Element argues that governments allocate adjustment burdens strategically to protect their supporters, imposing adjustment costs upon the supporters of their opponents, who then protest in ...response. Using large-N micro-level survey data from three world regions and a global survey, it discusses the local political economy of International Monetary Fund (IMF) lending. It finds that opposition supporters in countries under IMF structural adjustment programs (SAP) are more likely to report that the IMF SAP increased economic hardships than government supporters and countries without IMF exposure. In addition, it finds that partisan gaps in IMF SAP evaluations widen in IMF program countries with an above-median number of conditions, suggesting that opposition supporters face heavier adjustment burdens, and that opposition supporters who think SAPs made their lives worse are more likely to protest. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
This book presents an economic survey of international capital mobility from the late nineteenth century to the present. The authors examine the theory and empirical evidence surrounding the fall and ...rise of integration in the world market. A discussion of institutional developments focuses on capital controls and the pursuit of macroeconomic policy objectives in shifting monetary regimes. The Great Depression emerges as the key turning point in recent history of international capital markets, and offers important insights for contemporary policy debates. Its principal legacy is that the return to a world of global capital is marked by great unevenness in outcomes regarding both risks and rewards of capital market integration. More than in the past, foreign investment flows largely from rich countries to other rich countries. Yet most financial crises afflict developing countries, with costs for everyone.
The recent financial crisis proved that pre-existing arrangements for the governance of global markets were flawed. With reform underway in the USA, the EU and elsewhere, Emilios Avgouleas explores ...some of the questions associated with building an effective governance system and analyses the evolution of existing structures. By critiquing the soft law structures dominating international financial regulation and examining the roles of financial innovation and the neo-liberal policies in the expansion of global financial markets, he offers a new epistemological reading of the causes of the global financial crisis. Requisite reforms leave serious gaps in cross-border supervision, in the resolution of global financial institutions and in the monitoring of risk originating in the shadow banking sector. To close these gaps and safeguard the stability of the international financial system, an evolutionary governance system is proposed that will also enhance the welfare role of global financial markets.
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