Juvenile Oyster Disease (JOD) has resulted in mass mortalities of cultured
Crassostrea virginica in the northeastern United States since the 1980's. Bacteriological analyses of affected oysters have ...revealed a consistent association of JOD-signs and mortalities with heavy colonization by the novel species
Roseovarius crassostreae. Conclusive assignment of etiology has been difficult, however, for two principle reasons. First, JOD-like mortality was reproduced in laboratory-held oysters by challenge with
R.
crassostreae, but the typical disease signs were not present. Further, because
R.
crassostreae had only been detected in oyster populations after the onset of JOD, the possibility remained that it was a secondary colonizer. In this study, we document the ability of
R.
crassostreae to induce JOD-like conchiolin deposition in oysters maintained in laboratory aquaria. Further we report the isolation of
R.
crassostreae from a first-year crop of
C.
virginica concurrent with the development of microscopic mantle lesions, which are the first pathological indication of JOD. Consistent with previous studies, these lesions preceded overt JOD-signs and mortalities by less than two weeks. Based on the accumulated evidence, it is now possible to rule out a secondary role for
R.
crassostreae as a colonizer of already diseased animals, and we conclude that
R.
crassostreae is the etiological agent of JOD. To avoid potential confusion with other diseases of juvenile oysters, we also propose that JOD be renamed “
Roseovarius Oyster Disease” (ROD).
Der Artikel entwickelt aus einer Alltagssituation Erfahrungen und Kenntnisse über die Reaktionsweise von Iod. Nach einem Experiment mit Disproportionierung und Komproportionierung folgt eine Aufgabe ...aus der Chemiolympiade, die Schüler ermutigen soll, an der ChemieOlympiade teilzunehmen.
To report a case of Jod-Basedow phenomenon, where a patient with quiescent thyroid eye disease became active after a contrast computed tomography (CT). A patient with clinically inactive thyroid eye ...disease underwent a contrast CT, after which her clinical activity score increased for 1 to 6/10 with optic nerve dysfunction. She was managed medically with intravenous steroids, neomercazole and propranolol. Jod-Basedow phenomenon is a rare condition where thyroid eye disease reactivates after a large iodine bolus. It is important for clinicians to be aware of this when considering special investigations, such as contrast scans, where iodine is given in large doses.
Employing a citation analysis, this study explored and compared the bibliometric characteristics and the subject relationship with other disciplines of and among the three leading information science ...journals,
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
(JASIST),
Information Processing and Management
and
Journal of Documentation
. The citation data were drawn from references of each article of the three journals during 1998 and 2008. The Ulrich’s Periodical Directory, Library of Congress Subject Heading, retrieved from the WorldCat, and LISA database were used to identify the main class, subclass and subject of cited journals and books. Quantitative results on the number of JASIST, IPM and JOD literature references, average number of references cited per paper, document type of cited literature and the journal self-citation rate are reported. Moreover, the highly cited journals and books, the main classes and subclasses of cited journals and books in papers of the three journals, the highly cited subjects in journals and books of library and information science were identified and analyzed. Comparison on the characteristics of cited journals and books confirmed that all the three journals under study are information science oriented, except JOD which is library science orientation. JASIST and IPM are very much in common and diffuse to other disciplines more deeply than JOD.
To evaluate the iodine (I) level in Norwegian milk, the I concentration was determined in 104 dairy tanker milk samples collected from 19 milk tours in different areas of Norway, throughout the year ...2008. The I concentration in milk from indoor feeding was 122 µg L⁻¹ and higher than in milk from the summer season, being 92 µg L⁻¹. The weighted average mean I concentration throughout the year was 114 µg L⁻¹ milk. The results showed that the I concentration in milk from the winter season 2008 has been reduced to nearly the half during the last decade, from 232 µg I L⁻¹ in milk collected in the winter season in 2000. The I concentration in milk from the summer season is at the same level as a decade ago. The reason for the reduction in I in milk produced during the winter season is not known.
The main objective of this work was to determine whether nitrogen-use efficiency was affected by the application of different forms (iodide vs iodate) and dosages (20, 40 and 80 µM) of iodine, to ...ascertain the influence of this trace element in a biofortification programme in lettuce plants. The parameters analysed were root and shoot biomass, nitrate concentration, and organic and total nitrogen as well as those defining nitrogen-use efficiency in plants: total nitrogen content, total nitrogen accumulation, nitrogen-uptake efficiency and nitrogen-utilization efficiency. In addition to decreasing shoot biomass, iodide treatments reduced leaf levels of nitrates, organic nitrogen, and total nitrogen content. Iodate treatments did not affect the concentration of nitrogen in its different forms. The application of iodide caused total nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen-uptake efficiency to decrease, iodate application improved the latter. Both iodide and iodate applications significantly improved nitrogen-utilization efficiency in comparison to the control. The results obtained show that iodate application rates of 40 µM or lower significantly improved all nitrogen parameters analysed, making it possible to increase lettuce productivity and quality.
AMIODARON I FUNKCIJA ŠTITNJAČE Jukić, Tomislav; Punda, Marija; Franceschi, Maja ...
Liječnički vjesnik,
06/2015, Letnik:
137, Številka:
5-6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Amiodaron je derivat benzofurana koji sadržava do 40% joda. Primjenjuje se za liječenje i prevenciju supraventrikularnih i ventrikularnih tahiaritmija opasnih po život. Učinak na štitnjaču očituje se ...od poremećaja funkcionalnih testova štitnjače do klinički izražene hipotireoze potaknute amiodaronom (AIH) i tirotoksikoze (AIT). Bolesnici s AIH liječe se supstitucijskom terapijom L-tiroksinom, a terapija amiodaronom može se nastaviti. Moramo razlikovati dva oblika AIT-a: hipertireoza potaknuta amiodaronom (AIT I) i tiroiditis (AIT II). AIT I liječi se tirostaticima, a metode definitivnog liječenja jesu jod-131 ili totalna tiroidektomija. Oblik II AIT-a liječi se glukokortikoidima. Bolesnici s AIT-om moraju prekinuti terapiju amiodaronom. Dronedaron je manje učinkovit antiaritmik koji je strukturno i farmakološki sličan amiodaronu, ali ne sadržavaju jod, a toksične nuspojave su rjeđe. Dronedaron se može rabiti za liječenje bolesnika s povećanim rizikom od razvoja AIT-a ili AIH.
Two polymorphs of amylose, the native double-helical A-form and the single-stranded VH counterpart, as well as the amylose polyiodide complex were subjected to a molecular modeling study. Based on ...their X-ray diffraction-derived structures, the "solvent-accessible" contact surfaces were generated, onto which the computed molecular lipophilicity profiles (MLPs) were projected in color-coded form, easily allowing to locate hydrophobic and hydrophilic surface regions. Their detailed analysis revealed the double-stranded A-form to be a rather compact structure with an irregular distribution of hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions over the entire outer surface, with the interior of the double helix being inaccessible even for small molecules. By contrast, VH-amylose, in accord with its water solubility, has a pronouncedly hydrophilic outside surface with an as distinctly hydrophobic channel. - In the dark blue amylose-polyiodide complex, the hydrophobic channel of the single-helical VH-form serves as a well-ordered matrix for incorporation and alignment of the iodine-iodide species to elaborate a linear polyiodide chain in a nearly perfect steric fit and in full complementarity of hydrophobic regions of guest and host. Thus, the MLPs provide substantive credence to the view, that not only the amylose-iodine complex formation is mediated to an essential degree by hydrophobic attractions at the guest-host interface, but that the same factors determine the stabilityof this unique supramolecular assembly.
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