The soils beneath and surrounding mature Artocarpus mariannensis, Elaeocarpus joga, and Serianthes nelsonii trees were studied in northern Guam limestone forests to determine the role of these trees ...in maintaining spatial heterogeneity of biogeochemistry. The soils beneath S. nelsonii were nutrient-enriched compared to soils away from S. nelsonii. The soils beneath A. mariannensis were depauperate for some nutrients or were not different from the soils away from A. mariannensis for other nutrients. The soils beneath E. joga exhibited increases in some nutrients such as nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus, but decreases in other nutrients such as potassium and calcium when compared to the soils away from E. joga trees. These three tree species influenced spatial heterogeneity in soil nutrient status in the order A. mariannensis < E. joga < S. nelsonii and their presence added greatly to surface soil heterogeneity. Iron, manganese, and pH exhibited the least variation within the paired sites. Calcium, magnesium, potassium, and zinc exhibited the greatest variation among the paired sites. These findings indicate that continuing loss of these trees from Guam's forests will diminish the associated biogeochemical spatial heterogeneity.
Laws of the Sea Braverman, Irus
2022, 2023, 20220803, Letnik:
1
eBook
Odprti dostop
Laws of the Sea assembles scholars from law, geography, anthropology, and environmental humanities to consider the possibilities of a critical ocean approach in legal studies. Unlike the United ...Nations’ monumental Convention on the Law of the Sea, which imagines one comprehensive constitutional framework for governing the ocean, Laws of the Sea approaches oceanic law in plural and dynamic ways. Critically engaging contemporary concerns about the fate of the ocean, the collection’s twelve chapters range from hydrothermal vents through the continental shelf and marine genetic resources to coastal communities in France, Sweden, Florida, and Indonesia. Documenting the longstanding binary of land and sea, the chapters pose a fundamental challenge to European law’s “terracentrism” and its pervasive influence on juridical modes of knowing and making the world. Together, the chapters ask: is contemporary Eurocentric law—and international law in particular—capable of moving away from its capitalist and colonial legacies, established through myriad oceanic abstractions and classifications, toward more amphibious legalities? Laws of the Sea will appeal to legal scholars, geographers, anthropologists, cultural and political theorists, as well as scholars in the environmental humanities, political ecology, ocean studies, and animal studies.
Das Buch führt nach zwei Jahren Erfahrung mit der Datenschutz-Grundverordnung eine Evaluation aus Verbrauchersicht durch und präsentiert 33 einfache konkrete Vorschläge, ihren Text zu verbessern, um ...ihre Ziele besser zu verwirklichen. Daneben erörtert es konzeptionelle Schwächen der Verordnung und entwickelt Vorschläge für Lösungen, die ihren Schutzauftrag erfüllen. Die Verordnung ist für viele typische Anwendungssituationen viel zu abstrakt und provoziert daher Rechtsunsicherheit und Investitionsstau. Sie wird keiner Herausforderung moderner Informationstechnik gerecht und bewirkt dadurch Schutzlücken. Die wiederkehrenden Evaluationen der Verordnung können dazu beitragen, Mängel zu beseitigen und eine Evolution des EU-Datenschutzrechts zu bewirken.
This special volume collects contributions from leading scholars who scrutinize the challenges digital finance presents for the EU internal market and financial market regulation from multiple public ...policy perspectives. Author contributions aim to provide policy-relevant research and ideas shedding light on the complexities of the digital finance promise. They also offer solid proposals for reform of EU financial services law.
Why Noncompliance traces the history of noncompliance within the European Union (EU), focusing on which states continuously do or do not follow EU Law, why, and how that affects the governance in the ...EU and beyond. n exploring the EU's long and varied history of noncompliance, Tanja A. Börzel takes a close look at the diverse groups of noncompliant states throughout the EU's existence. Why do states that are vocally critical of the EU have a better record of compliance than those that support the EU? Why has noncompliance been declining since the 1990s, even though the EU was adding member-states and numerous laws? Börzel debunks conventional wisdoms in EU compliance research, showing that noncompliance in the EU is not caused by the new Central and Eastern European member states, nor by the Eurosceptic member states. So why do these states take the brunt of Europe's misplaced ire? Why Noncompliance introduces politicization as an explanatory factor that has been long overlooked in the literature and scholarship surrounding the European Union. Börzel argues that political controversy combined with voting power and administrative capacity, explains why noncompliance with EU law has been declining since the completion of the Single Market, cannot be blamed on the EU's Central and Easter European member states, and is concentrated in areas where EU seeks to protect citizen rights.
Body balance control represents a key factor preventing falls and subsequent injuries in seniors aged 65+. Intervention based on yoga exercises seem to be effective in improving balance.
The ...objective is to analyse and compare changes in static, dynamic, and total balance scores, changes in body composition and social indices as effects of yoga-based intervention.
A total of 500 participants (234 men aged 74.5 SD±7.74 and 266 women aged 76.9 SD±7.23) were assessed using the Tinetti Balance Assessment Tool, the InBody 230 bioimpedance body composition analyser, and the SF-36 Health Survey, applied to pre and post-testing. The experimental group (n=262; 122 males; 140 females) underwent a four-week yoga-based intervention, 30 minutes daily, while the control group (n=238; 112 males; 126 females) underwent its usual daily programme at senior homes or centres. The ANOVA model, consisting of the Group, Stage, Subject and Group × Stage interaction factors, was used for data evaluation.
Intervention led to improvements in the static, dynamic and total balance scores in the experimental group compared to the control group. The results of SF-36 showed positive changes in the psychosocial aspects of health, such as promoting of calmness and happiness in male seniors and reducing fatigue, nervousness and depression in female seniors. The post-intervention decrease in body fat percentage and increase in muscle mass in seniors is discussed.
The four-week yoga-based intervention had positive effects on the static, dynamic and total balance scores, body composition and social status.
Der Schutzgegenstand personenbezogener Daten gemäß Art. 4 Nr. 1 DS-GVO wird auf den Schutz der kontext-spezifischen personalen Identitäten erweitert. In Anbetracht der gleichzeitigen Realisierung ...etwa der kulturellen, wirtschaftlichen und sozialen Identität bedarf es eines spiegelbildlichen Identitätsschutzes aus dem offline-Kontext für den online-Kontext. Dies verlangt die spieltheoretisch begründete Verhandlungsfähigkeit der Bilder personaler Identitäten, damit sich der Selbstdatenschutz mit einem Mediationsagenten wirksam ausüben lässt. Demnach sollte ein iteratives „identity management by design“ zur technischen Gestaltungsanforderung werden, um dem Prinzip einer verhandlungsfähigen personalen Identität im Online-Kontext gerecht zu werden.
Der wachsende Einfluss der Internetplattformen des 21. Jahrhunderts in wirtschaftlicher, gesellschaftlicher und politischer Hinsicht hat eine Diskussion über die angemessene Regulierung dieser ...Konzerne ausgelöst. Im Zentrum dieser Debatte steht das Kartellrecht – das Rechtsgebiet, das zur Kontrolle marktbeherrschender Unternehmen geschaffen wurde. Die Bestimmung des im Kartellrecht fundamentalen Begriffes der marktbeherrschenden Stellung steht in der Rechtsanwendung bei Internetplattformen vor zahlreichen Herausforderungen, von der Unentgeltlichkeit der Leistungen bis hin zur Mehrseitigkeit der Geschäftsmodelle. Die vorliegende Arbeit zerlegt den Begriff der marktbeherrschenden Stellung in seine Teile und zeigt auf, inwiefern die Methodik einer Anpassung an die digitale Wirtschaft bedarf. Dies geschieht unter Einbeziehung der Erkenntnisse der Rechtsökonomie sowie der Rechtsordnungen Deutschlands, der Europäischen Union und der USA.
The article is dedicated to the analysis of the nature of yogic or supernormal perception (yogipratyakṣa, yogijñāna) in the context of Indian epistemology. By relying on the primary Sanskrit sources ...of Indian philosophical schools (darśana) and contemporary critical studies the questions are raised: what role is granted to it in the general Indian epistemological scheme (pramāṇavada)? How yogic perception is described and philosophically legitimated? How it is scholastically verified and validated and what kind of controversy was going on among different philosophical schools? On what arguments such perception is refused by orthodox Mīmāṃsā school? A combined – textological semantic, hermeneutical and comparative – methodology is applied. Conclusion is made that yogic perception is recognized and integrated into general scheme of knowledge by almost all Indian schools, though they give different accounts of it. Aradical scepticism and refutation of this kind of perception is displayed by the representative of vedic hermeneutics and ritualistic exegesis – Kumārila Bhaṭṭa (7AD) of Mīmāṃsā school. However, what the followers of this school denied was not the potentiality of the yogic perception itself, but consistency of logical argumentation, the ability of transparent transmission of such knowledge to others, and the validity of such experience in the legitimisation of divine revelation (śruti).
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