Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memperoleh deskripsi tentang peningkatan kemampuan menulis huruf kapital menggunakan metode drill pada siswa kelas II SDN Kembang bilo 1 Sukolilo Tuban Tahun Pelajaran ...2020/2021. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang mengikuti model spiral Kemmis dan McTaggart yang dilaksanakan secara bersiklus melalui empat tahap yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas II SDN Kembangbilo 1 Sukolilo Tuban dengan jumlah siswa 23 orang terdiri dari 10 orang laki-laki dan 13 orang perempuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa melalui metode drill dapat meningkatkan kemampuan siswa menulis menggunakan huruf kapital di kelas II SDN Kembang bilo 1 Sukolilo Tuban. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, maka dapat diketahui bahwa hasil observasi kegiatan siswa dan guru pada siklus I mencapai kategori cukup, dan hasil evaluasi siklus I, jumlah siswa yang dinyatakan tuntas belajar individu mencapai 3 orang dari 23 orang siswa sehingga diperoleh hasil ketuntasan belajar klasikal mencapai 56,52%. Pada siklus II mengalami peningkatan hasil observasi kegiatan siswa dan guru mencapai kategori Sangat Baik dan hasil evaluasi siklus II, jumlah siswa yang dinyatakan tuntas belajar secara individu 22 orang dari 23 orang siswa, sehingga diperoleh hasil ketuntasan belajar klasikal mencapai 75,21%. Simpulan penelitian ini melalui metode drill dapat meningkatkan kemampuan menulis huruf kapital di kelas pada siswa kelas II SDN Kembangbilo 1 Sukolilo Tuban Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021.
Die Familie gilt gemeinhin als eine geradezu archetypische Verkörperung von Solidargemeinschaft. Hierbei sollte jedoch nicht in Vergessenheit geraten, dass die Familie nicht nur ein «Hafen in einer ...herzlosen Welt» ist, sondern zugleich die Rolle einer zentralen Akteurin der gesellschaftlichen Reproduktion von ungleichen Lebenschancen und gesellschaftlichen Hierarchien spielt. Dieses Janusgesicht von Solidarität nach Innen und Selbstbehauptung und Reproduktion von ökonomischen und symbolischen Gütern nach Aussen, das durch Eduard von Hartmann treffend auf den Begriff Familienegoismus gebracht wurde, bringt die elementare Doppeldynamik von gesellschaftlicher Schliessung und Ausschliessung geradezu in Reinform zur Geltung.
This paper analyzes waves in international capital flows. We develop a new methodology for identifying episodes of extreme capital flow movements using data that differentiates activity by foreigners ...and domestics. We identify episodes of “surges” and “stops” (sharp increases and decreases, respectively, of gross inflows) and “flight” and “retrenchment” (sharp increases and decreases, respectively, of gross outflows). Our approach yields fundamentally different results than the previous literature that used measures of net flows. Global factors, especially global risk, are significantly associated with extreme capital flow episodes. Contagion, whether through trade, banking, or geography, is also associated with stop and retrenchment episodes. Domestic macroeconomic characteristics are generally less important, and we find little association between capital controls and the probability of having surges or stops driven by foreign capital flows. The results provide insights for different theoretical approaches explaining crises and capital flow volatility.
► We develop a new method to identify episodes of extreme capital flow movements. ► Using gross instead of net flows yields very different results than previous work. ► Global factors, especially global risk, are correlated with all types of episodes. ► Contagion through trade, banking and region are correlated with certain episodes. ► Domestic factors are less important. Capital controls do not reduce capital waves.
We develop the institutional configuration perspective to understand which national contexts facilitate social entrepreneurship (SE). We confirm joint effects on SE of formal regulatory (government ...activism), informal cognitive (postmaterialist cultural values), and informal normative (socially supportive cultural norms, or weak-tie social capital) institutions in a multilevel study of 106,484 individuals in 26 nations. We test opposing propositions from the institutional void and institutional support perspectives. Our results underscore the importance of resource support from both formal and informal institutions, and highlight motivational supply side influences on SE. They advocate greater consideration of institutional configurations in institutional theory and comparative entrepreneurship research.
This book provides an up-to-date reading of Capital Volume I, emphasizing the relevance of Marx's analysis to everyday twenty-first century struggles. Harry Cleaver's treatise outlines and critiques ...Marx's analysis chapter by chapter. His unique interpretation of Marx's labour theory of value reveals how every theoretical category of Capital designates aspects of class struggle in ways that help us resist and escape them. At the same time, while rooted within the tradition of workerism, he understands the working class to include not only the industrial proletariat but also unwaged peasants, housewives, children and students. A challenge to scholars and an invaluable resource for students and activists today.
Prior studies demonstrate the role of various facets of CEOs’ individual characteristics in shaping a firm’s entrepreneurial orientation (EO). We complement this line of research by theorizing and ...testing the impact of CEOs’ social capital on EO. From an original, multisource survey data set of 122 Chinese technology firms, we find that a CEO’s bonding social capital with organizational members from various functional units has an inverted U-shaped relationship with firm EO, while the CEO’s bridging social capital with the firm’s diverse set of external stakeholders has a positive association with EO. In addition, we find that the relationship between CEO bridging social capital and EO becomes stronger as the firm’s environmental instability increases.
Batch operation of reverse osmosis (RO) has been proposed as a method to reduce seawater RO (SWRO) energy consumption and fouling propensity. In this paper, we use a transient numerical model of the ...RO process to investigate the impact of several practical loss mechanisms on the overall energetic performance of batch SWRO compared to a conventional continuous system. A critical variable that controls the energetic advantage of batch RO is the reset time between cycles. A large reset time necessitates higher operating flux and therefore results in increased energy consumption. On the other hand, ensuring a low cycle reset time requires higher energy for the refilling process. A batch SWRO design with an atmospheric pressure feed tank and pressure exchangers for energy recovery does not show promise for energy savings. Batch SWRO must be designed with a large number of short pressure vessels (with fewer membranes each) and lower energy recovery losses (e.g., by using pressurized feed storage) in order to reduce energy consumption by up to 8%. These modifications are more complex and hence capital expenses would determine the overall feasibility of such designs to improve seawater desalination.
•Batch RO design should minimize volume of tank and tubes.•Flux during cycle time must be high to compensate for idle time during cycle reset.•Faster flow during cycle reset is necessary but this consumes significant energy.•A retrofitted continuous SWRO plant operated in batch mode cannot save energy.•Designs with pressurized feed storage and short channel length are promising.
Recent years have seen a surge of interest in Marxian political economy and especially Marx’s great work Capital. 150 years after the book’s original publication, are there readings of Capital that ...can help us find new pathways to progressive or revolutionary change? In this wide-ranging new volume, leading thinkers reflect on Capital’s legacy, its limitations and its continuing relevance for today, highlighting issues including ecology, gender, race, labour, communism, the ‘Third World’ and imperialism. The contributors also aim to identify the connections between Capital and various socialist projects of the past, and draw lessons from those experiences that might contribute to the reinvention of socialist politics today. Contributors include: Ingo Schmidt, Carlo Fanelli, William Pelz, Anej Korsika, Prabhat Patnaik, Silvia Federici, Paul Thompson, Chris Smith, Peter Gose, Justin Paulson, Jeff Noonan, Hannah Holleman and Peter Hudis.
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