Se analiza la necesidad de una perspectiva epidemiológica incluyente que atienda las diversas dimensiones del daño a la salud como fenómeno reflejo de la sociedad. Ello demanda una diversificación ...metodológica y operativa ante realidades sanitarias donde opera sistemáticamente la cultura y la organización social. Se postulan algunos elementos definitorios y operativos de la epidemiología sociocultural como referente para dinamizar la relación entre disciplinas y sectores a partir de problemas específicos relevantes para la salud pública.
In this article, the concept of medical dominance is “unfolded” into four different components: 1) professional autonomy; 2) superiority over other healthcare professions; 3) influence on policy ...makers; 4) authority with respect to patients.
These four components will serve to bring to surface the transformations which the medical profession in Italy is currently undergoing. Special emphasis is placed on the challenges that Italian physicians are facing and the strategies they are adopting to try to maintain their dominant position.
Coming to conclusions, Italian physicians seem to retain their supremacy over other healthcare professions, and are particularly adept at controlling the legislative process on healthcare issues. Conversely, Italian physicians are losing their influence on patients (as evidenced by the growing number of allegations of malpractice) and complain that their professional autonomy is diminishing and their work has become far too bureaucratized.
•The concept of medical dominance is unfolded into four different components.•Italian physicians retain their supremacy over other healthcare professionals.•Doctors are well represented in Parliament and control the legislative process.•The litigiousness of the relationship between physicians and patients is growing.•Italian physicians complain that their professional autonomy is diminishing.
Our article draws on one aspect of our multi-sited long-term ethnographic research in New York City on cultural innovation and Learning Disabilities (LD). We focus on our efforts to help create two ...innovative transition programs that also became sites for our study when we discovered that young adults with disabilities were too often "transitioning to nowhere" as they left high school. Because of our stakes in this process as parents of children with learning disabilities as well as anthropologists, we have come to think of our method as entangled ethnography, bringing the insights of both insider and outsider perspectives into productive dialog, tailoring a longstanding approach in critical anthropology to research demedicalizing the experience of disability. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
In the Netherlands, autonomy is a key ideal in visions of care for people with learning disability. This ideal can lead to tension when clients, in the opinion of their caregivers, overuse alcohol or ...drugs. In this article, we analyze how professional caregivers understand the ideal of autonomy in care for people with learning disability, and articulate the tacit attempts of caregivers to provide "good care," which can be understood as care for relationships. This relational view includes caregivers, care recipients, and their networks and infrastructures in the vision of care.
Building on medical anthropology literature that analyzes doctor–patient interactions as a charged site for the production of political subjectivities, I demonstrate how a central feature of Mexico ...City's new public sector abortion program involves “responsibilization.” In accordance with entrenched Ministry of Health objectives, providers transmit a suite of values about personal responsibility and self‐regulation through the use of birth control, hinging abortion rights to responsible reproductive subjectivity. Based on 18 months of ethnographic research across program clinics, including 75 interviews with patients and providers, I show how interrupción legal del embarazo protocols fashion “responsibilized” liberal subjects. I argue that the recent granting of abortion rights in Mexico City—ostensibly a new moment for the construction of women's citizenship—instead reflects and extends long‐standing state agendas of “reproductive governance.” My analysis of reproductive rights as the newest framing of ongoing population policies in Mexico adds to a critical anthropology of human rights and of liberal projects of governance.
While vernacular therapeutics had long been a topic of interest to many writing about medicine and healing in Africa, with a few exceptions most recent anthropological writings on medicine in Africa ...are focused on biomedicine. In this article, I trace this shift back to the turn of the millennium and the convergence of three events: the emergence of global health, the accession of the occult economies paradigm, and critiques of culturalism in medical anthropology. I argue that these three shifts led to research projects and priorities that looked different from those defined and undertaken as late as the late 1990s. While seeking to avoid the errors that could come with writing about vernacular therapeutic traditions in Africa as bounded comprehensive systems, I argue that there are empirical, political, and practical reasons why medical anthropologists may want to reconsider our collective research priorities.
El objetivo de este artículo es aportar ideas teóricas y prácticas para la mejora de las políticas de drogas actuales, basadas en un modelo biológico de la enfermedad y en la criminalización de las ...personas que consumen sustancias ilegales. Para ello, en primer lugar, se ofrecen alternativas para superar las bases científicas biologicistas centradas en los postulados neurocientíficos, que apoyan la idea de que en el cerebro se materializa la etiología de la adicción, y apoyar los modelos basados en las ciencias sociales, en los que el contexto y el aprendizaje social juegan un papel relevante para la descripción, el abordaje y la gestión de los diferentes usos de sustancias psicoactivas. En segundo término, se ofrecen modelos y propuestas epistemológicas, desde una perspectiva práctica, para sostener o implementar políticas y programas acorde con un abordaje más sostenible, basado en la eliminación del estigma y la promoción de la participación política de personas consumidoras de sustancias ilegales, es decir, unas políticas sobre drogas basadas en derechos humanos.
Human–animal interdependencies define longstanding concerns for anthropologists. Within this vast terrain, medical anthropologists claim rights to a significant portion, marked most notably, perhaps, ...by our sustained attention to nonhuman species as pathogens, vectors, and reservoirs of disease. Our discipline, nevertheless, has been slow to engage with contemporary theorizing about interspecies entanglements, a deficit this volume's collection seeks to rectify. As I argue below, this collection opens up new domains of study, analysis, and understanding, where an especially important intervention involves enfolding interspecies sensibilities within praxes of care.
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