The non-ferrous metal industry is encountering several challenges, including production efficiency, manufacturing information fragmentation, and human health problems, which highlights the importance ...of implementing autonomous intelligent manufacturing systems (AIMS). Recently, the foundation model like GPT-4, has garnered attentions due to its exceptional capabilities and proficiency in diverse domains and tasks, facilitating the realization of AIMS. However, the existing foundation models can only address basic general-purpose tasks and are difficult to use for industrial applications. In this paper, we propose a data and knowledge driven AIMS with industrial-generative pretrained Transformer (Industrial-GPT) for intelligent factories. The paradigms and architecture of autonomous intelligent factories are firstly defined. Then, we explore the mechanism with knowledge graph, digital twin, and Industrial-GPT, including multi-level autonomous perception, cross layer and domain cognition, and event-driven collaborative decision-making. Finally, the detailed case study is based on the cooperation with a zinc smelting intelligent factory to achieve networked collaborative manufacturing, and explores the theory and realization mechanism of AIMS on a small scale. We explore the experimental analyses, evaluation mechanisms and platform applications of AIMS at the workshop level. We believe this will help to realize larger scale AIMS in the future.
•We firstly define the autonomous intelligent manufacturing system (AIMS), and propose the architecture and basic paradigms of the AIMS. This paper contributes to the development of AIMS in the nonferrous industry.•The model as a service (MaaS) supports the collaborative empowerment of small and foundation models in vertical industries. Based on this, we introduce Industrial-GPT into specific manufacturing scenarios.•The detailed case study is based on the cooperation with a zinc smelting intelligent factory to achieve networked collaborative manufacturing, and explores the theory and realization mechanism of AIMS on a small scale.
Mgsub.80Nisub.16−xAlsub.xYsub.4 (x = 2, 4, 8) alloys were prepared by induction levitation melting, and the effect of substitution of Al for Ni on the microstructure and hydrogen storage properties ...was studied in the present work. The results illustrated that the solidification path, phase constitution, and grain size were significantly altered by Al addition. Appropriate Al addition improved abundance and grain refinement of the Mg, Mgsub.2Ni, and Mgsub.15NiY ternary eutectic. But as Al further increased, Mg solidified independently rather than in the formation of the ternary eutectic. More Al favored the formation of Alsub.3Nisub.2Y but suppressed Mgsub.2Ni and YMgNisub.4. Although the hydrogen absorption activation and the kinetic property deteriorated, the thermodynamic stability of hydrides was enhanced by adding Al. Hydrogen absorption ability under low pressure was improved, and the Mgsub.80Nisub.8Alsub.8Ysub.4 alloy could absorb nearly 3.5 wt% hydrogen under 1 bar hydrogen at 250 °C.
Environmental pollution, particularly from heavy metal ions in the wastewater, is one of the most serious concerns of the world. In the pursuit of remedial action, various conventional methods such ...as ion exchange, chemical precipitation, coagulation, membrane separation, reverse osmosis, and adsorption methods have so far been used for the removal of heavy metal ions. A good variety of adsorbents have been developed to remove different heavy metal ions from wastewater in particular those which have been detrimental to living organisms. Adsorption processes have been very demanding for high removal efficiency of heavy metal ions even at trace levels and they are low cost as compared to conventional methods. It has therefore been crucial to develop low cost and readily available adsorbents for the adsorption of heavy metal ions from wastewater. The adsorbents may be collected from agricultural and animal waste and industrial by-products. All adsorbents, by their intrinsic nature, have functional groups to play the key role in metal ion adsorption. Generally, chemically modified adsorbents enhance the surface area of the adsorbent and exhibit higher adsorption capacity than unmodified adsorbents. In this review, a series of natural waste materials and their modified forms have been evaluated for the removal of various metals from potable and wastewater. The major focus has been an accumulation of comprehensive knowledge on of the use of the low-cost adsorbents for removal of heavy metal ions.
Removal of non‐biodegradable heavy metals has been the top priority in wastewater treatment and the development of green technologies remains a significant challenge. We demonstrate that ...phosphorylated nanoscale zero‐valent iron (nZVI) is promising for removal of heavy metals (NiII, CuII, CrVI, HgII) via a boosted Kirkendall effect. Phosphorylation confines tensile hoop stress on the nZVI particles and “breaks” the structurally dense spherical nZVI to produce numerous radial nanocracks. Exemplified by NiII removal, the radial nanocracks favor the facile inward diffusion of NiII and the rapid outward transport of electrons and ferrous ions through the oxide shell for surface (NiII/electron) and boundary (NiII/Fe0) galvanic exchange. Accompanied by a pronounced hollowing phenomenon, phosphorylated nZVI can instantly reduce and immobilize NiII throughout the oxide shell with a high capacity (258 mg Ni g−1 Fe). For real electroplating factory wastewater treatment, this novel nZVI performs simultaneous NiII and CuII removal, producing effluent of stable quality that meets local discharge regulations.
Radial nanocracks in phosphorylated nanoscale zero‐valent iron (nZVI) favor the facile inward diffusion of NiII and the rapid outward transport of electrons and ferrous ions through the oxide shell for surface (NiII/electron) and boundary (NiII/Fe0) galvanic exchange. Accompanied by a pronounced hollowing phenomenon, phosphorylated nZVI can instantly reduce and immobilize NiII throughout the oxide shell with a high capacity.
Whether China’s carbon emissions trading (CET) has an impact on the financial performance of the market players of carbon trading, i.e., firms, is crucial to the sustainable development of national ...economy and carbon trading market. Based on the panel data of the listed firms in the seven high energy-consuming industries in China during 2010–2017, this paper uses the DID model to study the impact of CET on the firms’ financial performance. The empirical results show that the impact of CET on firms’ financial performance presents obvious industrial heterogeneity; CET policy reduces the financial performance of firms in the nonferrous metal industry but improves that in the power industry. In addition, with the implementation of CET policy, its impact on the financial performance of firms in the nonferrous metal and power industries is increasingly intensifying. Finally, there is a lag of 2–4 years on the impact of CET on the firms’ financial performance in the chemical, paper and aviation industries, and the effects change from negative to positive over time. That is, CET policy can hardly ensure that all firms are profitable in the short term, but there is still the possibility of profitability in the long term.
In the current study, new biomasses were prepared from fungi isolates including, Penicillium chrysogenum and Aspergillus ustus and utilized for the removal of heavy metals. During the study, the ...influences of various experimental factors including solution pH, temperature, and contact time on biosorption process were investigated. The synthesized fungi biosorbents were successfully applied for the removal of heavy metals from various waste effluents. The experimental results were indicated the excellent uptake property of the materials for target heavy metals. The average concentrations of Cd (II), Cu (II), and Pb (II) in different wastewater samples collected from Western, Eastern, and Northern region of Saudi Arabia were found to be in the range of 2.6-234 µg/L. The concentrations of Cu(II) in all the analyzed contaminated water samples were fairly exceeded the maximum concentration level for drinking water stipulated by World Health Organization. The applied biosorption technique for heavy metal removal is new, low cost and was adopted in eco-friendly way.
This study reports the trace metal concentrations in PMsub.10 collected in two urban sites of Campeche, Mexico (the INAH site, located in the downtown, and the TNL site, located in the Tecnologico ...Nacional de Mexico campus Lerma). Trace metals (Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn) were determined by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy, with Fe and Mn being the most dominant species. Cd and Co showed high values of enrichment factors, indicating that they were highly enriched by anthropogenic sources. A health risk assessment was carried out according to the IRIS-EPA methodology considering both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic effects and different age and gender population groups. The TNL site showed cancer risk coefficients that exceed the maximum limits established by the EPA and the WHO (1 × 10sup.−6 and 1 × 10sup.−5, respectively), being higher for Cd and Co. The non-carcinogenic risk exceeded the limits recommended by the EPA, being higher in the INAH site for cobalt (HQ = 28.92). There is a latent risk that the exposed population may develop cardiovascular and respiratory diseases due to inhalation of the metals measured in PMsub.10. It is necessary to carry out more continuous monitoring campaigns of trace metals linked to PMsub.10 in this area to enable a better understanding of the effects of these contaminants on the health of the exposed population. The results of the present work constitute the first efforts to evaluate the trace metals concentrations in PMsub.10 in urban areas of the city of Campeche, Campeche and can be used to develop programs focused on improving air quality.
Environmental accounting information disclosure is an important way to achieve the goal of “carbon peak carbon neutrality”, which plays a role in the link between economic development and ...environmental protection. Select Y Non-Ferrous Metal Company for case analysis, use the AHP-FCE model for comprehensive evaluation of environmental accounting information quality of the company, which use analytic hierarchy process to determine the evaluation factors and factors of weight value, and then use fuzzy synthesis method for multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. The results show that as a state-owned enterprise, the quality level of Y company’s environmental accounting information disclosure is in the “general” level in the past 5 years, and the intensity of government environmental regulation will promote the quality of the company’s environmental accounting information disclosure. Non-ferrous metal companies should enhance the concept of environmental protection, strengthen the awareness of environmental accounting information disclosure, promote technological innovation in energy conservation and emission reduction, and reduce carbon emission intensity. The government should also provide a favorable social environment and policy support for the non-ferrous metal industry to implement environmental accounting information disclosure, formulate relevant laws and regulations, and continuously strengthen supervision.
The prophenoloxidase (PPO) activation and Toll antimicrobial peptide synthesis pathways are two critical immune responses in the insect immune system. The activation of these pathways is mediated by ...the cascade of serine proteases, which is negatively regulated by serpins. In this study, we identified a typical serpin, BmSerpin-4, in silkworms, whose expression was dramatically up-regulated in the fat body and hemocytes after bacterial infections. The pre-injection of recombinant BmSerpin-4 remarkably decreased the antibacterial activity of the hemolymph and the expression of the antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) gloverin-3, cecropin-D, cecropin-E, and moricin in the fat body under Micrococcus luteus and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis serotype O: 3 (YP III) infection. Meanwhile, the inhibition of systemic melanization, PO activity, and PPO activation by BmSerpin-4 was also observed. Hemolymph proteinase 1 (HP1), serine protease 2 (SP2), HP6, and SP21 were predicted as the candidate target serine proteases for BmSerpin-4 through the analysis of residues adjacent to the scissile bond and comparisons of orthologous genes in Manduca sexta. This suggests that HP1, SP2, HP6, and SP21 might be essential in the activation of the serine protease cascade in both the Toll and PPO pathways in silkworms. Our study provided a comprehensive characterization of BmSerpin-4 and clues for the further dissection of silkworm PPO and Toll activation signaling.
![Trace Metals in PM[sub.10] ...](http://api.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/image/issn/XR4PS5YY4K/2071-1050/small "Trace Metals in PM[sub.10] and Associated Health Risk in Two Urban Sites Located in Campeche")
