At present, migration has the highest growth rates, a trend that is maintained, putting pressure on all states for its good governance. In this context, the aim of the paper is a comparative ...analysis, at global, regional and European level, of the implementation of measures in the areas of migration policies, according to target objective 10.7.2 of the 2030 Agenda, to ensure a Safe, Orderly, Regular and Responsible Migration and mobility of people. In order to operationalize the follow-up of the situation on the fulfilment of this objective, based on the migration governance framework, MiGOF, six key political areas were established, each with five defining subcategories in its structure, followed in almost all the countries of the world. The overall indicator 10.7.2 obtained by aggregating the scores of the 30 resulting subcategories and the six domains constitutes a comprehensive and complex instrument at the disposal of the states, based on which these can identify concrete measures and actions, necessary to be undertaken to fulfil the proposed general objective. The data on indicator 10.7.2 are available as a result of two surveys, carried out in 2018-2019 and 2020-2021, through the international migration module of the United Nations, for 138 countries, representing 70% of the 197 states included in the last inquiry. The application of these policies is very uneven between countries, this is also the case in Europe. The evaluation of the surveyed data, as well as the analysis of migration policy networks, allows the identification of the most important measures applied in European countries, as well as those with the lowest performances, which require consistent revisions by governments in order to achieve their integration goals of migrants.
The developmental migration state Aeran Chung, Erin; Draudt, Darcie; Tian, Yunchen
Journal of ethnic and migration studies,
02/2024, Letnik:
50, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
What drives some states to liberalise immigration policies while others resist doing so? Why do states expand rights for some migrants and not for others? Building on Hollifield's (2004). 'The ...Emerging Migration State'. International Migration Review 38 (3): 885-912 theory of the migration state, this article explores how the process of political economic development in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan shaped their citizenship regimes and, later, their immigration policies. We argue that the specific patterns of migration management in East Asian democracies - characterised by partially open borders and discrete institutionalised rights for specific subcategories of migrants - is not a reflection of an incomplete liberal migration state but rather, migration control by (formerly or contemporary) developmental states that have historically prioritised economic development, social stability, and national security over democracy and equality. Based on an analysis of archival, policy, and legal documents collected in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan from 2010 to 2019, this article analyzes the emergence of the 'developmental migration state' that correlates migrants' access to rights and permanent settlement with their utility towards national developmental goals.
This paper discusses the link between international migration and democratisation from an actor-oriented perspective on the basis of the mobilising efforts by key civil society actors engaged in the ...promotion of the rights of migrant workers through developing strategies towards movement building and by capitalising on political opportunities that have appeared on the global level. Being pitched at the global level and at organising patterns via the network form, the analytical framework developed takes as its starting point global justice perspectives and then builds upon insights from social movement and constructivist International Relations scholarship. It is argued that what is emerging are (1) movement practices in migrant rights networks which are putting forward increasingly coherent claims that transcend the conventional thinking about global governance and human rights (rights-assuming advocacy); and (2) that such practices are effectively transgressing interstate political arenas (participatory, rights-producing politics). It is on the basis of the cooperation between the 2 main protagonists, trade unions and migrant rights associations, that strategic positioning of migrant rights issues within the global policy debate is taking place, with the aim of promoting a rights-based approach (RBA) to migration and its governance. The combination of rights-producing politics and rights-assuming advocacy is expressed in the RBA to migration which involves the reframing of migrants rights as well as attempts to democratise migration governance in participatory terms.
Sixty years ago, E. Goffman published the first version of the book Asylums, where he introduced the concept of total institution. Since then, several total institutions have undergone ...transformations, but even today such analyses are useful, as the mental health risks associated with life as inmates may still arise. Considering this reference, the article tries to analyse the "quarantine boats", an institution created in 2020 by the Italian government to host migrants arriving in the country, in order to keep the danger of spreading the SARS-CoV-2 virus under control in the Italian territory. The experiment has been subject to even harsh criticism, which involved the Italian Red Cross, to which the health service on board was outsourced; in fact, on the ships a forced coexistence is being temporarily created and it has characteristics similar to those of total institutions analysed in the past. The article therefore proposes the adoption of an analytical attitude that does not stop at the surface but takes into consideration various levels, not least that of the role of the psychologist on such ships
This article examines intra-regional ('home-grown') and externally-driven ('imported') frameworks of regional migration governance in post-Soviet Eurasia. It argues that whether regional migration ...governance originates from internal or external sources makes an important difference. It shows that intra-regional migration governance develops around economic rationality, whereas externally-driven regional migration governance tends to prioritise linkages between migration and security and, albeit less systematically, issues of migrants' rights. The article demonstrates how intra-regional migration governance started to emerge as part of regional integration processes, becoming institutionalised within organisations such as the Eurasian Economic Union. It also shows how alternative versions of regional migration governance have been promoted by international organisations via, in particular, Regional Consultative Processes. It concludes with a reflection on competition and complementarity between these partially overlapping regimes of regional migration governance in Eurasia.
As an Introduction to the Debate section that follows, this article develops the concept of ‘Networks of Labour Activism’ (NOLA) as a distinct, and important, aspect of cross-border, ...cross-organizational mobilization of workers, trade unions and other organizations and groups. NOLAs are seen as different from traditional labour activist networks in that they are neither solely connected to the position of labour in production processes, nor wholly reliant on the soft and discursive power of advocacy coalitions. The authors understand NOLAs to be characterized by the interaction of different types of labour rights, social movement and community organizations, joining forces in complex forms of strategizing vis-à-vis multiple targets. Thus, cross-boundary strategizing (across organizational and geographical divides) is seen as a basic characteristic of NOLAs. The authors argue that NOLAs continue to be deeply embedded in political-economic contexts of the state and global value chains, and alliance formation reflects the peculiar vulnerabilities and constraints resulting from this embeddedness. This Introduction draws on multiple studies of NOLAs from around the world, but its main focus is on some of those Asian countries which are at the centre of global supply chain capitalism and labour exploitation, and which have become the laboratory for new forms of networked worker agency and activism.
The article discusses recent anti-racist and migrant rights activism in Finland with the help of Norbert Elias’ figurational sociology and the concept of the established-outsiders figuration. The ...mobilisation of ‘outsiders’ (racialised minorities and migrants) has reordered the contemporary field and challenged the ‘established’ majority activists to reflect on their own practices. Through combining figurational and cultural perspectives, I compare the extent to which established liberal and left-libertarian activists, with their distinct ideological positions, have succeeded in transforming the power ratio between themselves and the outsiders. This article advances the use of the established-outsiders conceptualisation in cases where the established support, in principle, the outsiders’ inclusion. This helps to shed light on both the more covert and subtle ways through which the established reproduce their power as well as their agency in dismantling the power disparity.
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