Objectives
Primary care (PC) patients typically do not receive adequate posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment. This study tested if a brief mindfulness training (BMT) offered in PC can ...decrease PTSD severity.
Method
VA PC patients with PTSD (N = 62) were recruited for a randomized clinical trial comparing PCBMT with PC treatment as usual. PCBMT is a 4‐session program adapted from mindfulness‐based stress reduction.
Results
PTSD severity decreased in both conditions, although PCBMT completers reported significantly larger decreases in PTSD and depression from pre‐ to posttreatment and maintained gains at the 8‐week follow‐up compared with the control group. Exploratory analyses revealed that the describing, nonjudging, and acting with awareness facets of mindfulness may account for decreases in PTSD.
Conclusion
Our data support preliminary efficacy of BMT for Veterans with PTSD. Whether PCBMT facilitates engagement into, or improves outcomes of, full‐length empirically supported treatment for PTSD remains to be evaluated.
High incidence of sleep problems in children and adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has been described. Mindfulness meditation has emerged as a novel approach to sleep ...disturbances and insomnia remediation. This preliminary study tested the efficacy of Mindfulness-Oriented Meditation (MOM) training on sleep quality and behavioral problems in children with ADHD.
Twenty-five children with ADHD aged 7-11 years underwent two programs three times per week for eight-weeks: the MOM training (15 children) and an Active Control Condition (10 children).
Objective and subjective measures of sleep quality and behavioral measures were collected before and after the programs.
Positive effects on sleep and behavioral measures were found only in the MOM group.
Although they are preliminary, our results indicate that MOM training is a promising tool for ameliorating sleep quality and behavioral manifestations in ADHD.
Objective: This article describes results from a randomized clinical trial of a mindfulness-based intervention for parents and children, Mindful Family Stress Reduction, on a behavioral measure of ...attention in youths, the Attention Network Task (ANT). Method: Forty-one parent–child dyads were randomly assigned to either the mindfulness-based intervention condition or a wait-list control. School-age youths completed the ANT before and after the intervention. Results: Results demonstrate significant, medium-size (f2 = −.16) intervention effects to the conflict monitoring subsystem of the ANT such that those in the intervention condition decreased in conflict monitoring more than those in the wait-list control. Youths in the intervention condition also showed improvements in their orienting subsystem scores, compared with controls. Conclusion: Mindfulness-based interventions for youths have potential utility to improve attentional self-regulation, and future research should consider incorporating measures of attention into interventions that use mindfulness training.
•Fear of COVID-19 was positively associated with job insecurity and emotional exhaustion.•Job insecurity mediated the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and emotional exhaustion.•Mindfulness ...buffered the positive relationship between fear of COVID-19 and job insecurity.•Perceived organizational support strengthened the relationship between job insecurity and emotional exhaustion.
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak has impacted the restaurant industry tremendously. Building on the Conservation of Resources Theory, the current study investigates the relationships among U.S. restaurant frontline employees’ fear of COVID-19, job insecurity, and emotional exhaustion. The study also examines the moderating role of employee mindfulness and perceived organizational support. SPSS PROCESS macro was used for hypotheses testing. Results suggested that restaurant frontline employees’ fear of COVID-19 was positively associated with both job insecurity and emotional exhaustion. Fear of COVID-19 had an indirect effect on restaurant frontline employees’ emotional exhaustion via job insecurity. Employee mindfulness buffered the positive relationship between fear of COVID-19 and job insecurity. Perceived organizational support was found to intensify the positive relationship between job insecurity and frontline employees’ emotional exhaustion. The research provided useful human resource management practices for U.S. restaurant businesses amid crises such as COVID-19.
This study tested the effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) training on multiple outcomes in patients with schizophrenia. We compared MBSR, psychoeducation, and control groups in a ...randomized controlled research design. Outcome measures assessed hope, psychological wellbeing, and functional recovery over three time points in 137 participants. The results of this study indicate that MBSR training was more effective in terms of increasing the level of hope, psychological well-being, and functional recovery of schizophrenia patients when compared with psychoeducation and control patients.
There is expanding interest in mindfulness-based programs (MBPs) within the mainstream. While there are research gaps, there is empirical evidence for these developments. Implementing new evidence ...into practice is always complex and difficult. Particular complexities and tensions arise when implementing MBPs in the mainstream. MBPs are emerging out of the confluence of different epistemologies—contemplative teaching and practice, and contemporary Western empiricism and culture. In the process of navigating implementation and integrity, and developing a professional practice context for this emerging field, the diverse influences within this confluence need careful attention and thought. Both contemplative practices, and mainstream institutions and professional practice have well-developed ethical understandings and integrity. MBPs aim to balance fidelity to both. This includes the need to further develop skillful expressions of the underpinning theoretical and philosophical framework for MBPs; to sensitively work with the boundary between mainstream and religious mindfulness; to develop organizational structures which support governance and collaboration; to investigate teacher training, supervision models, and teaching competence; to develop consensus on the ethical frameworks on which mainstream MBPs rests; and to build understanding and work skillfully with barriers to access to MBPs. It is equally important to attend to how these developments are conducted. This includes the need to align with values integral to mindfulness, and to hold longer-term intentions and directions, while taking small, deliberate steps in each moment. The MBP field needs to establish itself as a new professional field and stand on its own integrity.
Introduction Previous research suggests that there is an inverse relationship between insomnia severity and mindfulness, but this association may be influenced by mood and gender. The present study ...examined whether psychological distress mediates the relationship between insomnia severity and mindfulness after adjusting for gender. Methods We surveyed 2,159 young adults aged 18-35. Participants completed the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, Kessler Distress Scale, and the Insomnia Severity Index. Regression analyses were used to investigate whether psychological distress mediates the effect of mindfulness on insomnia severity in young adults after adjusting for gender. Results The mean age of the sample was 22 years (SD=3.73) and 70.6% identified as female. Overall, insomnia severity was in the mild range (M=8.99, SD=5.61) with 55.4% reporting at least mild insomnia symptoms. Psychological distress was in the mild to moderate range (M=24.31; SD=8.51) with 28.7% of the sample being in the clinically significant range. Mindfulness was a significant predictor of psychological distress (B= -.322, SE=.010, p<.0001) and psychological distress was a significant predictor of insomnia severity (B= .395, SE=.011, p<.0001). Mindfulness was also a significant predictor of insomnia severity (B= -.16, SE=.007, p<.0001). The relationship between mindfulness and insomnia severity decreased after adjusting for psychological distress (B= -.047, SE=.008, p<.0001), consistent with partial mediation. Approximately 38.9% of insomnia severity was accounted for by the predictors (R2=.389). A Sobel test confirmed the significance of the mediation (Z= -19.96, SE= .0057, p<.0001). Mindfulness was associated with approximately .11 points higher insomnia severity scores as mediated by psychological distress. There was a significant difference in psychological distress scores between gender F(1,2187)=25.616, p<.0001, with females reporting greater levels of psychological distress (M=14.79, SE=.21) than males (M=12.72, SE=.36) but gender did not impact the relationship between insomnia, mood, and mindfulness. Conclusion Psychological distress partially accounts for the relationship between mindfulness and insomnia severity among young adults and this effect does not differ by gender. These results suggest that mindfulness training may have a positive impact on insomnia severity through a reduction in psychological distress. Support (If Any) None
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