Mindfulness-based interventions are thought to attenuate stress and anxiety while improving focus and awareness. College students are at risk for and often experience increased stress and anxiety. ...Consequently, college students may benefit from mindfulness-based interventions. The purpose of this systematic review of the qualitative literature was to understand and explain how college students perceive and depict mindfulness-based interventions. A thematic synthesis approach was used to analyze the literature. Nineteen qualitative studies were included, and four overarching themes identified: awareness, barriers to meditation, improved focus, and facilitator’s role. Awareness included three subordinate themes: emotion regulation, tools for future use, and relationship with others. Students stated that mindfulness-based interventions were overall beneficial and described them as a coping mechanism that attenuated their stress, anxiety, and emotions, improved learning, build relationships, and provided tools for future careers. Findings of this synthesis indicate that mindfulness-based interventions should be developed that specifically meet the needs of college students. Moreover, future researchers should examine the component of mindfulness-based interventions that students perceived as most beneficial and the differences in perceptions based on college major. Our review is a bridge to understanding the vital components of mindfulness-based interventions in college students.
Mindfulness has become popular in recent decades as a tool for psychological well‐being. However, mindfulness has yet to find a solid footing as a routine practice within the Science, Technology, ...Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) field. Here, we discuss the design of an introductory mindfulness program that provides the STEM community with a broad overview of various mindfulness methods. We also discuss delivery implementation methods and other considerations when designing mindfulness programming. This article provides resources for those interested in incorporating mindfulness into the STEM field, especially within the university setting.
Introduction
The treatment of the person with alcohol dependence allows the possibility of a self-determined alcoholic abstinence and reducing the consequences associated with alcohol-related ...problems at a personal, family, work and social level.
It is important to develop therapeutic strategies that complement the different approaches in the treatment of people with alcohol dependence, enabling them to use effective coping strategies that facilitate the maintenance of their self-determined alcohol abstinence.
In recent years, scientific evidence has emerged that justifies the adoption of mindfulness-based protocols as a complement to various treatments, both for the prevention of relapses and as a treatment enhancer.
Objectives
To train people with alcohol dependence to use Mindfulness;
To promote psychological well-being and positive emotions;
To reduce anxiety;
To evaluate the effectiveness of a Mindfulness-based intervention program.
Methods
The Mindfulness-based intervention program was developed with 2 groups of people hospitalized for the treatment of alcohol dependence (the institution’s treatment protocol is comprehensive and based on self-determined alcohol abstinence). The 1st G (pilot) - 6 people; 2nd G - 5 people), total of 11 participants; 4 sessions (each group), duration 45-60 minutes.
The selection criteria of the participants were evaluated in an interview and defined as follows: being in the first week of the treatment program; self and allo psychic orientation; reduced to moderate anxiety (Zung Self-Assessment Anxiety Scale - EAAZ); existence of motivation for change.
Participants gave informed consent.
In the global assessment used instruments: Psychological General Well-being Scale for the Portuguese population (BEP); Short Version of the Portuguese Scale of Positive and Negative Affect (PANAS-VRP) in the first session (before intervention). In the last session (after the intervention), in addition to the BEP and the PANAS-VRP, the EAAZ was also used.
At the end of each session, an evaluation was carried out using a grid built for this purpose.
Results
As for the general psychological well-being, the BEP, only one participant (pilot group) had a final score lower than the initial one.
With regard to PANAS-VRP, in both groups, there was an increase in positive affection and a reduction in negative affection at the end of program implementation.
With regard to the EAAZ, 7 participants showed a decrease in anxiety after the intervention.
The evaluation grid of each session revealed good participation, good adhesion and positive evaluation.
Conclusions
It is concluded that after the implementation of the Mindfulness-based intervention program there was: an increase in well-being (the higher the score, the greater the state of well-being); increase in positive affection (which remained or increased); decrease in negative affection and decrease in the level of anxiety.
Disclosure of Interest
None Declared
This randomized controlled trial evaluated the effect of a mindfulness-based mobile health (mHealth) intervention, tailored to the pandemic context, among young adult students (N = 114) with elevated ...anxiety and/or depressive symptoms during quarantine in China, compared to a time- and attention-matched social support-based mHealth control. At baseline, postintervention (1 month), and 2-month follow-up, participants completed self-reports of primary outcomes (anxiety and depression), secondary outcomes (mindfulness and social support), and emotional suppression as a culturally relevant mechanism of change. Feasibility and acceptability were also evaluated. Using intent-to-treat (ITT) analysis, linear mixed effects models showed that compared to social support mHealth, mindfulness mHealth had a superior effect on anxiety (p = .024, between-group d = 0.72). Both conditions improved on depression (baseline-to-FU ds > 1.10, between-group difference not significant, d = 0.36 favoring mindfulness). There was an interaction of Emotional suppression reduction × Condition in the improvement of anxiety and depression. Further, mindfulness mHealth was demonstrated to be more feasible and acceptable in program engagement, evaluation, skills improvement, and perceived benefit. Retention was high in both conditions (>80%). The difference in self-reported adverse effect was nonsignificant (3.9% in mindfulness and 8.7% in social support). Results of this pilot trial suggest that both mindfulness and social support, delivered via mHealth, show promise in reducing distress among young adults in quarantine, with mindfulness being particularly effective in addressing anxiety. Successful implementation and dissemination of this mHealth intervention approach have the potential for addressing the psychological consequences of the pandemic.
Public Significance Statement
This study provides initial empirical support for a tailored, mHealth approach in the application of both mindfulness and social support-based interventions to mitigate psychological distress among young adults in the pandemic context. Successful implementation and dissemination of this or similar approaches have the potential to improve access to psychological services, reduce provider burden, and enhance public mental health.
Objective: We compared mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) with both cognitive psychological education (CPE) and treatment as usual (TAU) in preventing relapse to major depressive disorder ...(MDD) in people currently in remission following at least 3 previous episodes. Method: A randomized controlled trial in which 274 participants were allocated in the ratio 2:2:1 to MBCT plus TAU, CPE plus TAU, and TAU alone, and data were analyzed for the 255 (93%; MBCT = 99, CPE = 103, TAU = 53) retained to follow-up. MBCT was delivered in accordance with its published manual, modified to address suicidal cognitions; CPE was modeled on MBCT, but without training in meditation. Both treatments were delivered through 8 weekly classes. Results: Allocated treatment had no significant effect on risk of relapse to MDD over 12 months follow-up, hazard ratio for MBCT vs. CPE = 0.88, 95% CI 0.58, 1.35; for MBCT vs. TAU = 0.69, 95% CI 0.42, 1.12. However, severity of childhood trauma affected relapse, hazard ratio for increase of 1 standard deviation = 1.26 (95% CI 1.05, 1.50), and significantly interacted with allocated treatment. Among participants above median severity, the hazard ratio was 0.61, 95% CI 0.34, 1.09, for MBCT vs. CPE, and 0.43, 95% CI 0.22, 0.87, for MBCT vs. TAU. For those below median severity, there were no such differences between treatment groups. Conclusion: MBCT provided significant protection against relapse for participants with increased vulnerability due to history of childhood trauma, but showed no significant advantage in comparison to an active control treatment and usual care over the whole group of patients with recurrent depression.
Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are increasingly being delivered through the Internet. Whereas numerous meta-analyses have investigated the effectiveness of face-to-face MBIs in the context of ...mental health and well-being, thus far a quantitative synthesis of the effectiveness of online MBIs is lacking. The aim of this meta-analysis was to estimate the overall effects of online MBIs on mental health. Fifteen randomised controlled trials were included in this study. A random effects model was used to compute pre-post between-group effect sizes, and the study quality of each of the included trials was rated. Results showed that online MBIs have a small but significant beneficial impact on depression (g=0.29), anxiety (g=0.22), well-being (g=0.23) and mindfulness (g=0.32). The largest effect was found for stress, with a moderate effect size (g=0.51). For stress and mindfulness, exploratory subgroup analyses demonstrated significantly higher effect sizes for guided online MBIs than for unguided online MBIs. In addition, meta-regression analysis showed that effect sizes for stress were significantly moderated by the number of intervention sessions. Effect sizes, however, were not significantly related to study quality. The findings indicate that online MBIs have potential to contribute to improving mental health outcomes, particularly stress. Limitations, directions for future research and practical implications are discussed.
•We examined the effectiveness of online mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs).•15 RCTs were included comparing online MBIs to control conditions.•Online MBIs have significant small to moderate effects on mental health.•Study quality is satisfactory for most studies.•More research is needed to examine long-term effects and moderators of online MBIs.
Mindfulness in migraine: A narrative review Wells, Rebecca Erwin; Seng, Elizabeth K; Edwards, Robert R ...
Expert review of neurotherapeutics,
03/2020, Letnik:
20, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
: Migraine is the second leading cause of disability worldwide, yet many patients are unable to tolerate, benefit from, or afford pharmacological treatment options. Non-pharmacological migraine ...therapies exist, especially to reduce opioid use, which represents a significant unmet need. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) have potential as a non-pharmacological treatment for migraine, primarily through the development of flexible attentional capacity across sensory, cognitive, and emotional experiences.
: The authors review efficacy and potential mechanisms of MBIs for migraine, including mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT).
: While most mindfulness research studies for migraine to date have been pilot trials, which are small and/or lacked rigor, initial evidence suggests there may be improvements in overall headache-related disability and psychological well-being. Many research questions remain to help target the treatment to patients most likely to benefit, including the ideal dosage, duration, delivery method, responder characteristics, and potential mechanisms and biomarkers. A realistic understanding of these factors is important for patients, providers, and the media. Mindfulness will not 'cure' migraine; however, mindfulness may be an important tool as part of a comprehensive treatment approach to help patients 'mindfully' engage in valued life activities.
With the accumulation of social understanding and practical experience of mindfulness meditation, mindfulness meditation has been accepted and applied by more people in practical life situations. ...Mindfulness meditation has become one of the important research topics today. Due to the current research focus being more on the correlation research and hypothesis description of influencing factors of mindfulness meditation, there is less empirical research on the mechanism exploration of mindfulness meditation. Further summarize the existing relevant research results and methods, and explore the psychological mechanisms of mindfulness meditation from its origins, concepts, and development, providing case and theoretical support for subsequent empirical research on mechanisms. A large number of researchers have found that mindfulness meditation has a positive regulatory effect on negative emotions in various contexts, and the concept of “mind” related to Buddhism and Zen in mindfulness meditation has similarities with the self-concept studied in Western psychology. Correctly understand the complexity of the development of mindfulness meditation, grasp core concepts in future empirical exploration and research on the psychological mechanisms of mindfulness meditation, and fully utilize new technologies to create more possibilities.
Mindfulness—the awareness of the present moment and experiences in daily life—contributes to genuine intrinsic and social-oriented values and curbs materialistic and hedonistic values. In the context ...of materialism, money is power. Avaricious individuals take risks and are likely to engage in dishonesty. Very little research has investigated the effects of mindfulness in reducing the avaricious monetary attitudes and enhancing ethical consumer beliefs. In this study, we theorize that mindfulness improves consumer ethics directly and indirectly by lowering avaricious monetary attitudes. To test our theory, we collected data from 523 individuals with the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) training and 307 individuals without MBSR. The results of our whole sample (
N
= 830) support our theory. Three multiple-group confirmatory factor analyses (MGCFAs) reveal intriguing discoveries. First, with MBSR training, mindfulness excites consumer ethical beliefs directly and indirectly. Without training, trait mindfulness fails to reduce monetary attitudes—mindfulness training matters. Second, the power of MBSR training holds for participants completing the training within 1 year, but wears off after 1 year—the duration after training matters. Finally, after 1 year, the training retains its strength for those who practice mindfulness, but weakens its power for those who do not—practice matters. We shed light on mindfulness, monetary wisdom, and consumer ethics, in particular, and business ethics, in general.
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