Važnost je romantičnih odnosa u adolescenciji i ranoj odrasloj dobi neupitna. Dok turbulencije na romantičnome planu mogu utjecati na mentalno zdravlje, problemi s potonjim mogu se odraziti na ...romantičnu kompetentnost adolescenata. Model individualnih razlika predlaže da navedenu povezanost moderiraju individualne karakteristike pojedinca, uključujući relacijske aspekte samopoimanja. Budući da su istraživanja navedenih konstrukata u hrvatskim znanstvenim krugovima još uvijek nedovoljno zastupljena, cilj je ovoga pilot-istraživanja bio ispitati doprinose spola, dobi te relacijskih aspekata samopoimanja u objašnjenju emocionalnoga distresa. Istraživanje je provedeno u proljeće 2021. godine putem online-upitnika. Prigodni su uzorak sačinjavale 194 mlade osobe u kasnoj adolescenciji i ranoj odrasloj dobi, a prosječna je dob sudionika bila 19 godina. Žene su sačinjavale 78 % uzorka, a 62 % sudionika u trenutku provedbe istraživanja bilo je u romantičnoj vezi. Osim odgovora na demografska pitanja i pitanja o uključenosti u romantične odnose, sudionici su ispunili skraćenu verziju Skale depresivnosti, anksioznosti i stresa te Upitnik za procjenu odnosa. Da bismo testirali postavljene hipoteze, provedena je hijerarhijska regresijska analiza. Rezultati su razmotreni s polazišta teorije sociometra te pokazuju da veća relacijska depresivnost mladih previđa veću izraženost simptoma depresivnosti, anksioznosti i stresa. Pritom uključenost u romantične odnose ima značajnu moderatorsku ulogu pa mladi koji su u vezi imaju izraženije probleme mentalnoga zdravlja kada je njihovo relacijsko samopouzdanje nisko, a relacijska depresivnost izraženija. Dobiveni nalazi pružaju smjernice za buduća istraživanja, ali i sugeriraju mogućnost promocije mentalnoga zdravlja jačanjem interpersonalnih kompetencija u adolescenciji.
Cilj ovog rada je istražiti i opisati doživljaj uloge mentora za mlade koji izlaze iz alternativne skrbi te opisati izazove u radu s kojima se mentori susreću iz njihove perspektive. Stoga su ...provedena tri grupna intervjua s devet mentora. Podaci su analizirani metodom tematske analize i izolirane su tri teme. To su: Višestruke mentorske funkcije i različiti pristupi u radu, Kvalitete mentora i Izazovi mentoriranja. Rezultati pokazuju da je uloga mentora zahtjevna, kompleksna i važna za mlade iz skrbi, no povremeno i zbunjujuća i nejasna za same mentore. Doprinos rada ogleda se u produbljivanju razumijevanja uloge mentora i izazova u njihovom radu, ponuđene su smjernice za rad budućim mentorima i voditeljima mentorskih programa, te formalnom sustavu s ciljem što kvalitetnije podrške mladima koji izlaze iz skrbi.
Spremnost zajednice za preventivna ulaganja Ferić, Martina; Belošević, Matea; Serdar, Katarina
Kriminologija I Socijalna Integracija,
06/2024, Letnik:
32, Številka:
1
Journal Article
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Sustavna preventivna ulaganja u zajednice se sve više nameću kao učinkovito i dugoročno rješenje za prevenciju rizičnih ponašanja i problema u ponašanju te promociju pozitivnog razvoja i mentalnog ...zdravlja. Epidemiološki podaci na nacionalnoj i svjetskoj razini pokazuju kako su problemi u ponašanju kao i problemi mentalnog zdravlja djece i mladih u porastu. S druge strane evaluacijska istraživanja dokazuju učinkovitost kvalitetno implementiranih preventivnih intervencija u zajednice. Procjena spremnosti i ulaganje u spremnost zajednice za prevenciju ističu se kao ključan prvi korak učinkovitog procesa implementacije preventivnih intervencija u zajednice. U radu je opisana važnost ovog koraka u cjelokupnom procesu, dât je pregled najčešćih modela procjene spremnosti zajednice za preventivna ulaganja te su istaknute prednosti i nedostaci svakog prikazanog modela. Također su prikazana neka iskustva procjene spremnosti zajednice za preventivna ulaganja u Hrvatskoj.
Systematic preventive investments in communities are increasingly enforced as an effective and long-term solution for preventing adolescent risk behaviours and behaviour disorders and promoting positive children and youth development and mental health. Epidemiological data at the national and global level show that children and youth behavioural problems and their mental health problems are increasing. On the other hand, evaluation studies demonstrate the effectiveness of well-implemented prevention initiatives in communities. Assessing community readiness and investing in community readiness for prevention is a critical first step in effectively implementing prevention strategies in communities. The paper describes the importance of this step in the overall process. Moreover, an overview of the most common models for assessing community readiness for prevention investments is given, and the advantages and disadvantages of each model are highlighted. Finally, some experiences with assessing community readiness for preventive investments in Croatia are presented.
Cestovne prometne nesreće jedan su od najčešćih uzroka tjelesnih oštećenja i smrtnosti mladih ljudi. Prema Svjetskoj zdravstvenoj organizaciji 29 % osoba strada u automobilu što čini gotovo trećinu u ...ukupnom broju smrtno stradalih osoba u cestovnom prometu. Zastupljenost mladih vozača starosti do 24 godine uvelike je viša u odnosu na ostale dobne skupine u statistikama nesreća i stradanja sa smrtnim ishodom. Prema Europskoj komisiji faktor rizika mladih vozača je dva do tri puta veći u odnosu na faktor rizika vozača s većim prometnim iskustvom. Mladi vozači u svojoj životnoj dobi dobrog su zdravstvenog stanja, vole društveni život, skloni su testiranju vlastitih granica, većoj konzumaciji opijata od ostalih dobnih skupina, kršenju pravila te promjenjivom i rizičnom ponašanju. Navedene čimbenike i faktore rizika mladi prenose i u automobil, bilo kao vozači ili putnici, što zajedno s neiskustvom u dinamičnom prometnom okruženju čini mlade vozače najrizičnijom skupinom vozača. U skladu s time, u ovom radu, provedeno je anketno istraživanje sa svrhom stjecanja uvida u stavove i ponašanja u prometu mladih vozača na području Šibensko-kninske županije.
Road traffic accidents are one of the most common patterns of physical damage and mortalityamong young people. According to the World Health Organization, 29% of people die in cars, whichconstitutes almost a third of the total number of people killed in road traffic. The representation ofyoung drivers under the age of 24 is much higher compared to other age groups in accident andfatality statistics. According to the European Commission, the risk factor of young drivers is two tothree times higher than the risk factor of drivers with more traffic experience. Young drivers at theirage are in good health, like social life, tend to test their own limits, consume more opiates than otherage groups, break the rules, and engage in volatile and risky behavior. The aforementioned factors andrisk factors are transferred by young people in cars, either as drivers or passengers, which, togetherwith inexperience in a dynamic traffic environment, makes young drivers the riskiest group of drivers.Accordingly, in this work, a survey was conducted with the purpose of gaining insight into the attitudesand traffic behavior of young drivers in the Šibenik-Knin County
According to the Croatian Bureau of Statistics, the net migration in Croatia, i.e., the difference between the number of immigrants and emigrants, has shown a negative trend in the last few years. ...Even though it is important to know the emigration demographic data, it is also important to include the wider context in the research, i.e., the social factors behind the emigration of youth. Therefore, the main goals of this research were: 1) to determine the average importance of personal and social components of identity and the average representation of self-actualization-related, conventional and hedonistic values orientation among young emigrants, and to compare them to the youth population in Croatia; 2) to examine whether there is a connection between the social identity, value orientations and sociodemographic characteristics (gender, age, education) of young emigrants and their migration motivation; and 3) to examine which characteristics of young emigrants are the best predictors of their intention to return to Croatia. The research was carried out as part of the flzaJEDNO srce, jedna dusa, jedna Hrvatska« project, which was encouraged by the Humanitarian Association of Father Mladen HrkaÊ. The research included 934 first- generation emigrants aged 18 to 40 in Europe and 977 young persons aged 18 to 40 from Croatia. The research results show that participants from both groups attach high average importance to the determinants of both aspects of identity, as well as to three value orientations. However, expatriates attach greater importance to all measured identity and value categories. It was also found that older men from the age group of 18 to 40 with a lower level of education and participants with a more pronounced social identity and a more pronounced hedonistic value orientation emigrate most often. In contrast to the migration motivation, the intention to return is expressed more among younger emigrants, with a less pronounced hedonistic value orientation and a more pronounced social identity.
Croatia, as a traditionally emigrant country, has experienced large population emigrations since the 15th century, and this trend has continued until today. With Croatia’s entry into the European ...Union, the conditions for migrating have changed significantly, and it has never been easier to migrate, with the majority of people emigrating being young people of working age between the ages of 20 and 39. This is also evident from the net migration, that is, the difference in the number of immigrants and emigrants, which has shown a negative trend in the last few years. Knowing and understanding the emigration motives is one of the most important preconditions to being able to influence the factors that encourage young people to emigrate. Therefore, the aim of this research was to determine the main emigration motives and their representation among young emigrants from Croatia through the prism of their attitudes and opinions. The research was conducted as part of the flzaJEDNO srce, jedna dusa, jedna Hrvatska« project, which was encouraged by the Humanitarian Association of Father Mladen HrkaÊ. The research focused on new emigrants to European countries, aged 18 to 40. The results show that, according to their statements and opinions, the motivation of youth from Croatia, in accordance with the theoretical framework, is based on the complementary effect of push and pull factors, whereby the pull factors are perceived as stronger motivational factors for the decision to migrate. This research, in addition to providing and expanding insight into the motivational factors of Croatian youth through their attitudes and opinions, emphasizes the necessity of further research and the expansion of scientific knowledge on which it is possible to base public policies.
Today’s adolescents grow up with digital technologies and the Internet from birth. In order to learn about the Internet experience of these adolescents, in accordance with the social constructivist ...perspective, qualitative methodology was used in this paper. The Uses and Gratification Theory guided the formulation of questions in a semi-structured interview. To explore the youth’s perception of the internet, ten girls and nine boys were interviewed. Their answers were analysed by thematic analysis and four thematic units «Experience of the term Internet from the perspective of high school students», «Motivation to use the Internet» and «Experience of the positive and negative consequences of Internet use» and “Emotional experience of using the Internet” were identified. Motives for using the Internet have been shown to include entertainment, learning, social interactions, and, to a lesser extent, stress reduction. Young people identify both positive and negative aspects of using the Internet, citing more negative experiences based on their own experiences. The use of the Internet, on the other hand, causes several different pleasant emotional reactions, but also conflicts with family and failures in the performance of home and school obligations. Key words: Internet; adolescents; social constructivism; uses and gratification theory
Učenički domovi i domske ustanove socijalne skrbi predstavljaju odgojni kontekst u kojemu se nalaze određene skupine mladih. U suvremenom društvu krize odgoja potrebno je osnaživati mlade da budu ...autonomni i participativni članovi zajednice. Temeljno istraživačko pitanje rada glasi: postoje li i kako se manifestiraju pedagoški aspekti osnaživanja u kontekstu domskog odgoja? Cilj rada je utvrditi odrednice odgoja i osnaživanja mladih uvidom u njihove zajedničke karakteristike te naglasiti važnost odgojnog rada u domskom okruženju. Radom se ukazuje na to da osnaživanje predstavlja bitan i neizostavan proces u odgoju mladih, osobito unutar različitih oblika domskog okruženja, s ciljem razvijanja njihove daljnje autonomije i participacije u zajednici.
Student dorminatory and institutions such as dormitories in the social welfare system represent the educational contexts in which certain groups of young people find themselves. In the education crisis of the modern society, it is necessary to empower young people to be autonomous and participative members of the society. The research question of this paper is: What are the pedagogical aspects of empowerment and how are they manifested in the context of the education taking place in dormitories? The objective of this work is to determine the markers of education and empowerment of young people by observing their common characteristics and to emphasize the importance of educational work in the dormitory environment. The results of the research indicate that empowerment is an important and indispensable process in the upbringing of young people, especially within different forms of dormitory environment, with the aim of developing their further autonomy and participation in the community.
Rad ima cilj da objasni značaj porodice kao faktora u vodećim mikro- i makro-teorijama porekla delinkvencije i da utvrdi uloge koje joj one dodeljuju u objašnjenju etiologije ovakvog ponašanja. ...Analiza je pokazala da mikro-teorije kao posebno značajnu ističu socijalizaciju i vaspitnu ulogu porodice kojom se oblikuju kako konformistički, tako i antisocijalni obrasci ponašanja, dok makro-teorije glavne uzroke devijantnosti pronalaze u strukturalnim karakteristikama društva, a porodicu prepoznaju kao faktora koji posreduje između društva i deteta. Analizom su utvrđeni i nedostaci proučavanih teorija. S obzirom na to da se baziraju na istraživanjima sprovedenim u SAD-u i zapadnoevropskim zemljama, one ne mogu u potpunosti da se primene na objašnjenje etiologije delinkvencije u svim društvima. Pored toga, mikro-teorije ne uzimaju u obzir karakteristike društva koje mogu da utiču na izbor vaspitnih metoda roditelja, razvoj njihovog vaspitnog stila i na njihovu odluku koje vrednosti će da prenesu deci, dok se makro-teorije ne bave pitanjem kakav uticaj imaju na devijantno ponašanje odlike onih društava, čiji su ekonomski, pravni i kulturni sistemi decenijama nestabilni, kao ni onih čiji se društveni sistem urušio i još uvek se nije reetablirao. Na osnovu ove analize može da se zaključi da uprkos važnoj ulozi koju roditelji imaju za usvajanje/sprečavanje antisocijalnog ponašanja, okvire u kojima će oni tu ulogu obavljati određuju karakteristike datog društva.
The paper aims to explain the importance of the family as a factor in the leading micro-and macro-level origin theories of delinquency and to determine the roles they assign to it in explaining the aetiology of such behaviour. The analysis showed that micro-level origin theories emphasise the family role of upbringing and socialization as particularly important, shaping both the conformist and the antisocial patterns of behaviour, while macro-level origin theories find the main causes of deviance in the structural characteristics of society and recognise the family as a mediating factor between society and the child. The analysis also identified the shortcomings of the studied theories. Because they are based on research conducted in the United States and Western European countries, they cannot be fully applied in explaining the aetiology of delinquency in all societies. In addition, micro-level origin theories do not take into account the characteristics of society that can influence the choice of parenting methods, the development of their parenting style and their decision as to which values they will pass on to children, while macro-level origin theories do not question in what way deviant behaviour is influenced by the characteristics of societies whose economic, legal and cultural systems have been unstable for decades, or those whose social systems have collapsed and not yet been re-established. Based on this analysis, it can be concluded that despite the important role that parents have in the adoption/prevention of antisocial behaviour, the framework in which they will perform this role is determined by the characteristics of society.
Teme povjerenja u ljude i povjerenja u institucije zauzimaju važno mjesto u suvremenim društvenim znanostima, a relativno brojna empirijska istraživanja koja obrađuju tu tematiku donijela su važne ...uvide te omogućila usporedbe procesa u različitim društvima. Ipak, još uvijek se traže odgovori na pitanja u kojoj mjeri zaista povjerenje ima efekt na različite aspekte društvenog života te za djelovanje kojih društvenih skupina je povjerenje više, a za koje manje relevantan čimbenik. U ovom radu istražili smo pojavljuje li se kod mladih povezanost povjerenja u ljude i institucije s poštovanjem normi, pomaganjem drugima te predmigracijskim aspiracijama. Analize su provedene na temelju rezultata empirijskog istraživanja provedenog u drugom dijelu 2021. godine na uzorku učenika trećih i četvrtih razreda srednjih škola iz Vukovarsko- srijemske županije. Dobiveni uvidi otkrivaju određen efekt ispitivanih dimenzija povjerenja na navedene aspekte društvenog života, pri čemu se osobito povjerenje u Crkvu pokazalo značajnim prediktorom. Ipak, neke početne hipoteze nisu potvrđene, a osobito je iznenađujući izostanak povezanosti općeg povjerenja u ljude s poštovanjem normi, pomaganjem drugima i migracijskim aspiracijama. Držimo da prikazani rezultati daju doprinos razumijevanju procesa socijalizacije mladih u suvremenom hrvatskom društvu, ali i potiču na daljnja istraživanja o značenju povjerenja za suvremena društva.
The issue of trust in people and institutions is of great importance in contemporary social sciences, and numerous empirical studies have provided many significant insights in this regard and have allowed for the comparison of different societies. Nevertheless, we are still attempting to ascertain to what extent trust actually effects various aspects of social life and whether trust is a more relevant factor for some social groups than for others. This paper examines whether young people associate trust in people and institutions with social norms of respect, helping others, and premigration aspirations. We have analysed these factors based on the results of an empirical study conducted at the end of 2021 with third and fourth grade students of high schools in the Vukovar-Srijem County. Our results have shown a certain effect of the studied trust dimensions on the specified aspects of social life, with trust in the Church proving to be a significant predictor. However, some of our initial hypotheses have not been confirmed, and it is particularly surprising that respondents did not associate general trust in people with compliance with norms, helping others, and migration aspirations. We believe that the presented results will contribute to the understanding of socialization of young people in modern Croatian society and encourage further research on the importance of trust in modern societies.
