It is generally claimed that charcoal is a good heat source for roasting foods. We broiled chicken with several different heat sources (charcoal, gas burner, gas-heated broiling plate and electric ...heater). A sensory test, flavor analysis of the cooked chicken and analysis of burnt gas from the heat source were carried out. Chicken broiled over charcoal gained higher scores in the sensory test for flavor and total palatability than chicken broiled over other heat sources. An Electronic Nose analysis showed that there was difference in the flavor pattern of broiled chicken according to the heat sources used for cooking. A GC-MS analysis showed that the volatile compounds from chicken broiled over charcoal contained higher proportions of pyrazines and pyrroles, and a lower proportion of aldehydes than from those cooked over the broiling plate. The burnt gas from the charcoal contained higher proportions of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and a lower proportion of oxygen than that from the broiling plate heated with gas.
New Mexico court rules victim can sue Kantz, Matt
National Catholic Reporter,
03/1999, Letnik:
35, Številka:
18
Magazine Article, Trade Publication Article
The New Mexico Court of Appeals ruled Feb. 9 that a Connecticut diocese can be sued in New Mexico after it sent a priest accused of sexual abuse to New Mexico, where he allegedly molested boys at St. ...Anne's Parish in Santa Fe and the Boys School at Springer in the 1960s and 1970s.
Anti-nerve growth factor (anti-NGF) treatment is analgesic in chronic inflammatory pain conditions without reducing inflammation. Hypothesizing that ongoing pain induced by inflammatory mediators is ...increased by long term sensitization of nociceptors, we combined the non-inflammatory NGF-sensitization model with an inflammatory ultraviolet-B (UV-B) model in human volunteers. UV-B irradiation of the skin presensitized with NGF 3 weeks before intensified the pre-existing NGF hyperalgesia during the inflammatory phase of UV-B and caused spontaneous pain in about 70% of the subjects. Pain levels paralleled the intensity of UVB inflammation. Hyperalgesia recorded on a VAS (0-100) was additive after combined NGF/UV-B treatment versus single NGF or UV-B treatment for mechanical impact and tonic heat stimuli, again paralleling the intensity of the UV-B inflammation. In contrast, ratings to tonic mechanical pressure (100 kPa for 10 seconds, peak VAS 58 ± 7 vs VAS 21 ± 5 NGF and VAS 12 ± 3 UV-B) and pinprick (150 mN for 5 seconds, peak VAS 33 ± 7 vs VAS 10 ± 2 NGF and VAS 8 ± 3 UV-B) increased in a supra-additive manner. This supra-additive effect faded 24 hours after irradiation, although heat sensitization remained increased. Hyperalgesia and spontaneous pain coexisted in NGF/UV-B treated skin but did not significantly correlate (r < -0.1 at day 1 and r < 0.2 at day 3). We conclude that NGF can sensitize nociceptive endings such that inflammatory mediators may cause sufficient excitation to provoke spontaneous pain. Our results suggest that neuronal sensitization and level of inflammation represent independent therapeutic targets in chronic inflammatory pain conditions.
