Mesta kot ključ do preživetja? EGEDY, Tamás; UZZOLI, Annamária
Urbani izziv,
12/2016, Letnik:
27, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Avtorja v članku obravnavata prostorsko razsežnost neenakosti v zdravju na Madžarskem na podlagi povezave med brezposelnostjo in pričakovano življenjsko dobo na državni ravni ter vse do ravni ...mikroregij in naselij, pri čemer je poseben poudarek na mestih. Poudarjata povezavo med brezposelnostjo in povprečno pričakovano življenjsko dobo ob rojstvu na podlagi regionalnih statističnih podatkovnih baz, poleg tega predstavita tudi ugotovitve kvantitativnih vprašalnikov (𝑛 = 545) in kvalitativnih poglobljenih intervjujev (𝑛 = 26). Na tej podlagi obravnavata vpliv gospodarske krize na prebivalstvo večjih madžarskih mest. Povezava med brezposelnostjo in pričakovano življenjsko dobo se v času krize poveča. Izsledki avtorjev kažejo, da sta položaj na trgu dela in raven prihodkov pomembna z vidika zdravja, raven in rast obstoječih družbenih in zdravstvenih neenakosti pa povečata tudi vpliv gospodarske krize na zdravje ljudi. Na Madžarskem neposredni vplivi gospodarske krize na neenakosti v zdravju še povečujejo regionalne razlike. Mesta lahko uravnovesijo neugodne vplive krize na zdravje in uspešno prispevajo k zniževanju neenakosti v zdravju.
Ecological deprivation indices belong to essential instruments for monitoring and understanding health inequalities. Our aim was to develop the SI-EDI, a newly derived European Deprivation Index for ...Slovenia. We intend to provide researchers and policy-makers in our country with a relevant tool for measuring and reducing the socioeconomic inequalities in health, and even at a broader level.
Data from the European survey on Income and Living Conditions and Slovenian national census for the year 2011 were used in the SI-EDI construction. The concept of relative deprivation was used where deprivation refers to unmet need(s), which is caused by lack of all kinds of resources, not only material. The SI-EDI was constructed for 210 Slovenian municipalities. Its geographical distribution was compared to the distribution of two existing deprivation scores previously applied in health inequality research in Slovenia.
There were 36% of adults recognized as deprived in Slovenia in 2011. SI-EDI was calculated using 10 census variables that were associated with individual deprivation. A clear east-to-west gradient was detected with the most deprived municipalities in the eastern part of the country. The two existing deprivation scores correlate significantly with the SI-EDI.
A new deprivation index, the SI-EDI, is grounded on the internationally established scientific concept, can be replicated over time and, crucially, provides an account of the socioeconomic and cultural particularities of the Slovenian population. The SI-EDI could be used by the stakeholders and the governmental and nongovernmental sectors in Slovenia, with the goal of better understanding health inequalities in Slovenia.
Health inequalities in Slovenia Buzeti, Tatjana; Gobec, Mojca
Zdravstveno varstvo,
1/2012, Letnik:
51, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Health inequalities in Slovenia Life expectancy and selected health indicators, which show continual growth and improvement, place Slovenia alongside developed countries both in terms of achievement ...and challenges. We can however note that different socioeconomic groups achieve their health potential to different degrees. Throughout all periods of life, factors such as education, employment, income, social security and social networks affect lifestyle, risk factors, use of health and other services and consequently also morbidity, mortality and life expectancy. The health system and the Ministry of Health can significantly contribute to reducing health inequalities that are the result of access and utilisation of health services, including preventive and other public health programmes. We need to be aware, however that socioeconomic factors are greatly affected by other line ministries and policies outside the health system. Relevant universal policies in education, social welfare, child and family development, active employment, tax legislation and similar are the basis for reducing health inequalities, which - in connection with special support measures for vulnerable target groups - can ensure the desired outcomes. The key to success is a joint action of different sectors and stakeholders at all levels and the understanding of how their investments and decisions affect health. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
Social determinants of health: the indicators for measuring the impact of poverty on health Introduction: The link between poverty and health is an important research topic of national and ...international organisations, including the WHO, which has issued several important reports that proved the impact of social determinants on people's health, of which poverty was one of the most important. The aim of this article is to define the indicators of the social determinants of health, which is important for better planning and policy-making. Method: data was gathered through the comparative analysis of different sources of socioeconomic indicators, which are presented schematically, ranked in the structural field and analysed from the perspective of their impact on health. Results: Indicators are divided into ten different fields that present a socioeconomic determinant of health. The fields are: material deprivation (including income and other material items necessary for everyday living), followed by social capital, (un)employment, housing and homelessness, education and profession, living environment, health, crime and safety, accessibility and ethnicity. The table includes 100 indicators that are used in various states for planning and policy-making. The extent and diversity of the indicators shows the complexity of the social determinants of health, which are often overlooked or are insufficiently understood. Conclusion: Poverty is a structural problem with an important impact on health. Because living in poverty is a specific way of life, ways of tackling the problem of poverty are also specific. They have to include relations of power, the accessibility of resources and opportunities to escape from the poverty. Health plays an important role in that but it depends on the capabilities and readiness of the states to ensure this for all people regardless of their social status, material wealth or other circumstances. The list of indicators can contribute to achieving that goal. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
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