Objective
Emotion dysregulation seems involved in the development, maintenance, and outcome of eating disorders (EDs). The present study aimed to differentiate patients with EDs from a comparison ...group on emotion dysregulation, and to examine emotion dysregulation in relation to ED diagnostic presentation and ED symptoms.
Method
Participants, patients with EDs (N = 999) and a student comparison group (N = 252), completed the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale and the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire. Patients were compared to the comparison group and compared by diagnosis regarding emotion dysregulation, and unique associations between emotion dysregulation aspects and ED symptoms were examined.
Results
Patients reported greater general emotion dysregulation than the comparison group, especially poorer emotional awareness and clarity. There were very few diagnostic differences. In both patients and the comparison group, limited access to emotion regulation strategies was associated with cognitive ED symptoms, and presence of binge eating in the comparison group. In patients, poor emotional awareness and emotional non‐acceptance were additionally associated with cognitive symptoms, and difficulties in impulse control and emotional non‐acceptance were associated with binge eating.
Discussion
Emotion dysregulation is an important transdiagnostic characteristic of ED. Results suggest interventions that enhance emotional awareness and acceptance, as well as emotion regulation skills training, in both ED treatment and prevention.
Introduction and purpose: The identification of barriers and concerns regarding the acceptance of the Covid-19 vaccine is of paramount importance. Accordingly, this systematic review was conducted to ...determine the factors affecting the acceptance and non-acceptance of the Covid-19 vaccine. Methods: This systematic review was performed in accordance with the principles of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The data were retrieved from PubMed, WOS, and Scopus in May 2021. The inclusion criteria entailed: 1- All original articles published on the reasons for acceptance or non-acceptance of the Covid-19 vaccine and 2- English language articles. On the other hand, the exclusion criteria were as follows: 1- Overlap of some articles in several databases, 2- The non-original articles, such as review articles or letters to editors, 3- unrelatedness to the objectives of the study, and 4- Lack of access to the full text of the articles. Results: The query yielded a total of 442 articles. After removing duplicates, as well as screening and qualitative evaluation of articles, 75 articles were finally selected for review in this study. Based on the obtained results, gender in individual factors, trust in governments, hospitals in social factors, and concerns about vaccine side effects among vaccine-related factors played the most important roles in accepting and rejecting the vaccination. Conclusion: Removing barriers to vaccination based on individual, social, and vaccine factors, as well as informing people about its benefits should be a priority for health organizations and institutions. Consequently, education and information campaigns on vaccination outcomes should be established at the community level to address individual and social concerns, as well as vaccine-related concerns.
The speech act of paying compliment (“you are looking good”) to someone is the attempt to establish the social relationship and ties solidarity between the communicators. In addition, it attributes ...credit to someone other than the speaker; usually the person addressed, for some “good” (possession, characteristic, skill, etc.) which is positively valued by the speaker and the hearer. Furthermore, the act of responding it is an interlocutor’s acceptance (“Thanks, Thank you”) and non-acceptance (“it is really quite old”) of the compliments. In conjunction with English teaching and learning process, the attempt to compliment and respond it can be used as a strategy to help the EFL learners able to open a conversation or a short talk with their classmates. The EFL lecturers/teachers will bridge the learners to strike up their conversations/short talks by providing some conversations/short talks’ situations. The situations, which relate to their friends’ possessions, characteristics, or skills, are used to attribute their credits as conversation opener.
Vienna is the location for most of Veza Canetti's stories and plays but, just as in the Viennese works of her husband Elias Canetti, it is rarely if at all mentioned by name, a literary technique ...which underscores the city's intimidating presence. City landmarks restrict the behaviour of her working-class characters who feel themselves excluded. They have often moved to Vienna from elsewhere and are not properly accepted. Motifs of arrival and departure occur so frequently in her writing. Even the violent behaviour of Herr Iger in Der Oger can be explained by his insecure status. After the Workers' Uprising of February 1934 Vienna becomes a tabu subject. Only in exile after 1938 does she once again address the city of her birth which has now become enemy territory.
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Suppression of emotional expression has been associated with depressive symptoms. However, men suppress emotions more than women but women experience more symptoms of depression. The present study ...examined gender and emotional non-acceptance (thinking of emotions as bad and to be avoided) as moderators of the suppression-depression relationship. Participants were males (
n
=
118) and females (
n
=
210) aged 17–24. As expected, men reported suppressing emotions more than women and women reported more depressive symptoms. However, suppression was only related to depression in men and not women. Hierarchical regressions revealed a 3-way interaction among gender, suppression, and non-acceptance. Lower acceptance of emotions was associated with the highest depressive symptoms regardless of suppression or gender. With greater acceptance of emotions, suppression was related to more depressive symptoms in men but fewer depressive symptoms in women. These findings suggest that suppressing emotions may have different functions and may be more useful for understanding depressive symptoms in men rather than women.
Binge eating disorder (BED) is very frequently observed in patients considered for weight loss surgery and seems to influence their outcome critically. Literature highlights a global emotional ...overload in individuals with BED, but little is known on the mechanisms involved. The present study aimed to focus on emotion regulation, impulsivity, depression, and anxiety in people with and without BED and fulfilling inclusion criteria for bariatric surgery. Doing so, we sought to individualize factors related to BED. Then, we examined the contribution of depression, anxiety, emotion regulation difficulties, and impulsivity to inappropriate eating behaviors observed in patients with BED.
A sample of 121 individuals (79.3% female, mean age: 40.82 ± 9.26, mean current body mass index (BMI): 44.92 kg/m
± 7.55) seeking bariatric surgery were recruited at the Champagne Ardenne Specialized Center in Obesity in Reims, France from November 2017 to October 2018. They were stratified as with or without BED according to the binge eating scale. Characteristics identified in univariate analyses as differentiating the two groups were then included in multivariable analyses.
Multivariable analyses showed that limited access to emotional regulation strategies was significantly associated with BED. Furthermore, inappropriate eating behaviors were independently associated with age, depression severity, anxiety, emotional dysregulation, and impulsivity in BED group.
The present findings are indicative of an association between emotion deficit and BED in obese patients seeking bariatric surgery. Patients with BED could benefit from the addition of an emotion regulation intervention.
Poor interoceptive awareness is often cited as a key feature of eating disorders, yet the precise nature of the deficits and their relationship to eating pathology remains unclear. Interoceptive ...awareness includes both acceptance of affective experience and clarity regarding emotional responses. The aim of the current study was to parse these components and examine the association between these deficits and two representative eating disorder symptoms: dietary restraint and binge eating. Participants were 50 eating disorder patients who completed a medical examination, clinical interview and symptom self-report measures. Results of regression analyses controlling for BMI and illness duration indicated that non-acceptance, not lack of clarity, was significantly associated with dietary restraint. Neither predicted binge eating. Findings suggest that negative reactions to emotional responses may contribute to the development or maintenance of dietary restraint. Results highlight the need to investigate the experience of emotional arousal in individuals with eating disorders using experimental methods that deconstruct the components of interoceptive awareness, and the potential utility of treatments that increase comfort with affective experience for individuals with more restrictive patterns.
•Determination of factors including attitude variables affecting bicycle choice.•Bicycle is less socially acceptable in an urban area compared to a suburban area.•Need to create positive perceptions ...related to bicycle mode among individuals.•Need to improve facilities and work opportunities in low & medium land use mix areas.
Increasing motorization in urban and rural areas has given rise to many adverse effects such as emissions of greenhouse gases, requirement on fossil fuels, pollution, and congestion which directly or indirectly affects human health. Bicycle, being a non-motorised mode can play a vital role in reducing some of the mentioned hazards. Perceptions and attitudes related to a mode play a significant role in mode choice behaviour. This study contributes in understanding the effects of parameters such as built environment, socio-economic factors, and individual travel attitudes on bicycle user behavior. VMT (Vehicle mile travel) for shopping trips, attitude related data, and socio-demographic parameters were collected for two distinct groups of people in three different areas of varying mixed land use. Land use diversity was quantified by entropy index in the study. The detailed analysis of this study reveals the psychological and socio-economic characteristics of bicycle users and non-user groups in low, medium, and highly mixed land use areas. From the elasticity estimates, it has been observed that for both groups, a slight change in the income and trip length has a significant impact on the latent variables and the travel behaviour. Residents living in urban areas have high social non-acceptance of bicycle use compared to suburban areas. Attitude measured using pro-bicycle parameter as a latent variable was found to be positive, and this parameter is one of the primary reasons for which the individuals still continue to use a bicycle. Apart from mix land use parameters and construction of bicycling facilities/infrastructures, this study also suggests policymakers to give more importance in creating positive perceptions related to bicycle mode among individuals and to improve various facilities and work opportunities in low and medium land use mix areas.
Objective: To assess the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine among medical and non-medical undergraduate students and compare the COVID-19 vaccine receptivity differences between medical and ...non-medical undergraduate students.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Bahria University Medical & Dental College, and Bahria University Karachi Campus Pakistan, from Mar to Jun 2021.
Methodology: In this study, a total of 392 participants, were selected by non-probability convenience sampling. Students aged 19-26 years were enrolled. Participants were required to sign a voluntary consent form prior to participation. The questionnaire included 21 questions inclusive of demographic characteristics, insight regarding COVID-19 disease, prior EPI vaccine exposure, attitude towards COVID-19 vaccine, including the importance of vaccine to end the pandemic, acceptance of vaccine along with reasons and non-acceptance and sent by email as a Google form to participants.
Results: There were 171(43.6%) males and females 218(55.6%). The mean age of participants was 20.7±2.29 years. 217(55.4%) students were from the MBBS programs, and 175(44.6%) were from non-MBBS programs. COVID-19 vaccine acceptability was better amongst medical students, with 182(83.9%) considering it safe for use in contrast to 5(2.8%) non-medical students who considered it safe.
Conclusion: The comparison of knowledge and attitudes towards accepting the COVID-19 vaccine between medical students and non-medical students revealed better acceptance amongst undergraduate medical students than non-medical undergraduate students.
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