Članek se posveča vprašanju diagnostičnih paleografskih prvin za posoški areal (tj. skupino venetskih napisov, odkritih v loku med Kobaridom, Idrijo pri Bači, Šentviško planoto in Cerknim) v ...okviru območja, na katerem se je med 6. in 1. st. pr. n. št. uporabljal venetski alfabet. Značilne prvine (najsi bo arhaizmi ali inovacije), kot so ugotovljive na podlagi že dolgo znanih in večkrat obravnavanih pisnih spomenikov Is 1 in Is 2, so sopostavljene podatkom, ki jih prinašajo novoodkriti napisi posoškega prostora (zlasti *Is 4, *Is 7, ki sta kot Is 1 in Is 2 nedvomno avtohtona), ter ponovno ovrednotene in dopolnjene v poskusu natančnejšega izrisa relevantnih izograf, ki posoško skupino napisov v venetskem alfabetu izdvajajo iz splošnovenetskega areala.
U bogatoj građi knjižnice Zavoda za povijesne znanosti HAZU u Dubrovniku u zbirci povjesničara i etnologa Vida Vuletića Vukasovića nalazi se i dosad znanstveno neobrađena manja ćirilična rukopisna ...knjiga formata 18×14 cm. Ukupno 93 sačuvana lista sadržavaju dijelove različitih bogoslužnih obreda istočnog kršćanskog (pravoslavnog) karaktera pisanih crkvenoslavenskim jezikom srpske redakcije. Cilj provedenog paleografskog istraživanja prikazanog u ovom radu je što preciznije opisati pronađeni rukopis, predložiti njegovo adekvatno imenovanje, pokušati dati odgovore o vremenu i mjestu njegova nastanka te ukazati na moguće grafijske ili jezične zanimljivosti.
In this article the author discusses several smaller pieces in which Miho Barada, an
expert in palaeography and diplomatics, analyzed an array of important historical
sources: of diplomatic as well ...as epigraphic and narrative nature. In these essays,
Barada attempted to correct or find a new way of reading, dating and explaining
information obtained in public documents, epigraphs and literary writings.
Tabella plumbea Traguriensis, the charters of Dukes Trpimir and Muncimir,
Zvonimir’s oath, Koloman’s charter, Vekenega’s epigraph, the epitaph of Queen
Jelena and Thomas the Archdeacon’s Historia Salonitana, were all subjected to
Barada’s close examination.
Finally, the analysis of these essays may lead to a conclusion that Barada was a
truly excellent and impeccably educated medieval scholar, who based his conclusions
and results upon the great wealth of specialized knowledge: of palaeography,
diplomatics and related disciplines. While we may disagree with some of
his conclusions and opinions and while academic historiography has moved on
since Barada’s times, his research methods still provide an exemplary model to
students of history.
Odlomak
glagoljskoga brevijara o svetoj Apoloniji (LondAp) stoljećima je služio kao
uvez korica tiskanoj knjizi
De Medendis
Febribus ars medica
(1526.) autora Antonija Alta ab Altomarija, napuljskoga
...liječnika i filozofa. U središte pažnje znanstvene i šire javnosti došao je tek
nakon aukcije održane u Londonu 2017. g. Provedeno znanstveno istraživanje za
cilj ima paleografski i jezično obraditi ovaj dosad neobjavljivani materijal.
Na sadržajnom planu, ali i prilikom samih transliteracija teksta, provedena je
usporedba s latinskom inačicom legende. Paleografska analiza temelji se na
usporedbi s
Drugim beramskim brevijarom
, dosad paleografski
najtemeljitije opisanim liturgijskim glagoljskim kodeksom XV. stoljeća, a u
fokusu je posebnost metodologije: intenzivan paleografski i jezični opis
malenoga korpusa vrlo raznolikoga i nestabiliziranoga individualnog rukopisa.
This single large
leaf of a monumental Croatian breviary with part of the reading for the Feast
of St. Apollonia served for centuries as a cover for the printed book
De Medendis Febribus ars medica
(1526),
written by Antonio Alta ab Altomario, a Neapolitan physician and philosopher.
This text came to the attention of the scholarly and general public only after
an auction held in London in 2017. The conducted research aims to process this
unpublished material palaeographically and linguistically. In terms of content,
but also considering the transliterations of the text, a comparison was made
with the Latin version of the legend. The palaeographic analysis is based on a
comparison with the Second Beram Breviary, and the focus is on the peculiarity
of the methodology: an intensive palaeographic and linguistic description of a
small corpus from a varied and unstabilized individual manuscript.
Već deset godina na preddiplomskoj nastavi Filozofskoga fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu izvode se izborni kolegiji Hrvatska epigrafija i paleografija I (HEP I), odnosno do 2014. Hrvatska epigrafija i ...paleografija II (HEP II). Osim što se sreću s hrvatskoglagoljskim i hrvatskoćiriličnim srednjovjekovnim i ranonovovjekovnim vrelima i njihovom pozicijom u historiografiji, studenti se upoznaju s hrvatskom tropismenošću, trojezičnošću i glagoljaštvom kao kulturnim fenomenima, te ovisno o vlastitoj sposobnosti i općoj mogućnosti, stječu vještinu čitanja i preslovljavanja (transliteracije) uglate (HEP I) i kurzivne (HEP II) glagoljice i hrvatske ćirilice (bosančice). U radu se iznose neke činjenice i osobna iskustva vezana za izvedbu tih kolegija.
„Libro od mnozijeh razloga“, rukopisna knjiga nastala u Dubrovniku 1520. g., karakteristična je po šarolikom sadržaju i izboru tema koje obuhvaća (dijelovi evanđelja, poučne legende, molitve, ...dijelovi horoskopa i sanjarice). Sastavljena je od pet dijelova naknadno povezanih u jednu cjelinu/zbornik, a pojedine su dijelove pisale različite pisarske ruke. Milan Rešetar, čije je paleografsko istraživanje poslužilo kao polazna točka članka, spominje tri glavne pisarske ruke i četvrtu koja je uglavnom dodavala naslove pisane crvenom tintom. Uz njih pojavljuju se još dvije mlađe ruke koje su dopunjavale prazan prostor na kraju pojedinih dijelova rukopisa. Glavna zadaća ovog paleografskog istraživanja jest analiza grafije navedenih pisara i komparacija slovnih oblika s ciljem identifikacije razlika/sličnosti između njih, s naglaskom na njihovu morfologiju. Termin grafija širi je od grafomorfologije, pod njim se podrazumijeva način bilježenja fonema slovima ili grafemima, odnosno sustav slova kojim se pišu fonemi pojedinog jezika (Badurina 2012: 65). Jedan je od ciljeva istraživanja i prepoznavanje mogućih poveznica između pisara i različitih tipova pisma (primjerice kurziv).
In his career as a medieval historian, Miho Barada mostly used written sources.
In this paper I will discuss Barada’s analysis of the charters of Trpimir and Muncimir
from the ninth century, for ...which Barada used tools of ancillary historical
disciplines. Croatian historiography dates and locates Trpimir’s charter to 4 March
852 in Bijaći. With this charter the Croatian dux Trpimir (c.845–864) donated
the church and monastery of St. George in Putalje, together with some other real
estate, to the Archbishopric of Solin. The purpose of the gift was to reciprocate
Archbishop’s Peter present of silver for church tableware. The date of the confirmation
of Trpimir’s charter, with which the Croatian dux Muncimir (892–910)
forty years later, on 28 September 892, and again in Bijaći confirmed the content
of Trpimir’s charter did not raise much controversy in Croatian historiography.
Historians have abundantly used the historical content of and data contained in
these two oldest Croatian medieval charters. They were considered archival sources
of first rank. Barada approached their analyses critically, and especially because
these charters did not survive in their original forms but as later transcripts.
For this reason it is not surprising that their contents (and especially the content
of Trpimir’s charter) are in some places contentious and incomprehensible, and
that the question of authenticity of both chapters may be raised again and again.
Barada thought that such quandaries may be resolved with the help of textual
criticism and diplomatics as ancillary historical disciplines. By looking at external
and internal characteristics of written documents, diplomatics decides if a
document (a charter, a written testimony of a legal act, etc.) is authentic or a forgery.
The fundamental external characteristics of a document include the material
upon which the document is written, stamp, signature and various other signs.
Internal characteristics refer to integral parts of the text or diplomatic formula,
language, dates, names and other features that may be studied in a transcript as
well as in the original. Barada was the first Croatian scholar to seriously engage with textual criticism of these two charters. Their diplomatic aspects have been
studied by other scholars before and after Barada, but mostly in order to glean
historical data. Their detailed diplomatic analysis was hindered from the start by
the false belief that the oldest transcript had been printed by Lucius and that the
transcripts kept in Split were all transcribed from Lucius. Barada corrected this
error when he found multiple transcripts of these charters older than the manuscript
used and printed by Lucius. Using these transcripts, Barada reconstructed
the original text and showed that both charters were indeed authentic. Today
we know of five transcripts of Trpimir’s charter from 852 and Mucimir’s charter
from 892. The oldest transcript dates from 1568
U ovome preglednom, usporedbenom radu raspravljat će se o važnosti i posebnosti triju glagoljskih abecedarija iz XV. st. ugrebanih u zidne slike lovranske župne crkve Svetoga Jurja. Predočit će se ...njihove tipičnosti i posebnosti u odnosu na druge dosad pronađene ugrebane glagoljske abecedarije, osobito prema najstarijem – Ročkom glagoljskom abecedariju iz XII. st. Obratit će se pozornost na slovni sastav i odnos prema očekivanom onodobnom grafemskom inventaru, na oblike predočenih slova, na njihovo pozicioniranje u odnosu na konkretnu podlogu. Pritom će se razmatrati i općenitije tekstne posebnosti ove minijaturne tekstne vrste.
Srednovjekovna ćirilička diplomatička minuskula sredinom XIV. st. je preferirano sredstvo pismovne komunikacije između Dubrovnika i susjednih slavenskih kancelarija. To poslovno pismo u ovom ...razdoblju već ima definirane karakteristične slovne oblike, uvelike uvjetovane poodmaklim procesom slovne koordinacije unutar linijskog ustroja, kao i ostale pismovne posebnosti zapadne ćirilice koje su naslijeđene iz duge dubrovačke tradicije ćiriličkog pisanja. Cilj ovog usporednog paleografskog istraživanja jest na osnovi dokumenata iz dvije najplodnije slavenske kancelarije ovog razdoblja na obližnjem prostoru, odnosno dubrovačke i srpske (nemanjićke), identificirati moguće razlike u istraživanim kategorijama pisma, potencijalne lokalne karakteristike pisma, kao i produbiti spoznaje o mogućim smjerovima razvoja pisma (prvenstveno identifikacija poveznica s novovjekovnim kurzivnim pismima).
Medieval Cyrillic diplomatic minuscule (a form of Cyrillic script) in the mid 14th century is the preferred means of written communication between Dubrovnik and the neighbouring Slavic chanceries. In this period, this form of Cyrillic script, used mainly in political and business purposes, already has characteristic letter shapes, largely conditioned by the advanced process of coordination within the linear system, as well as other writing peculiarities that are inherited from Dubrovnik’s long tradition of Cyrillic writing. The aim of this comparative palaeographic research is to identify, on the basis of documents from two of the most prolific Slavic chanceries of this period in the nearby area, the Dubrovnik and Serbian (Nemanjić family) ones, possible differences in the studied categories of the script, potential local characteristics of the script, as well as to deepen the understanding of the possible directions of development of the script (primarily the identification of links to later cursive Cyrillic forms).
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