A pelagra (deficiência de vitamina B6) acomete pacientes cronicamente desnutridos e merece destaque por seu envolvimento multissistêmico. É relatado o caso de um paciente de 48 anos, sexo masculino, ...com história de alcoolismo crônico, diarréia, insônia, irritabilidade e diminuição da memória. Ao exame físico, apresentava lesões eritematodescamativas, edemaciadas, simétricas no dorso de ambos os pés e região anterior e posterior das pernas, poupando a área da bermuda e as tiras dos chinelos. Após 20 dias de reposição de niacina e complexo B, apresentou melhora significativa das lesões de pele, sem melhora dos sintomas digestivos e neurológicos. Os aspectos da patogênese, fisiopatologia, diagnóstico diferencial e tratamento da pelagra são discutidos. O diagnóstico de pelagra deve ser lembrado em pacientes com lesões de pele e fatores de risco para desnutrição, como pacientes alcoolistas e doentes crônicos. Unitermos: Pelagra, desnutrição, alcoolismo.
Pelagra es el nombre que se le ha dado a la condición poco conocida, resultado del déficit de vitamina B3 o niacina, una enfermedad potencialmente mortal la cual es caracterizada por una triada ...clásica de diarrea, dermatitis y delirio, que está asociada a factores de riesgo como desnutrición, pobreza, ingesta de ciertos medicamentos, alteraciones metabólicas entre otros. Pelagra es una enfermedad de diagnóstico clínico que difícilmente se considera en los diagnósticos diferenciales de pacientes que consultan en servicios de emergencias o que se encuentran internados en salones de hospitales y es de suma importancia debido a la mortalidad que conlleva un diagnóstico tardío.
The Biological Carbon Pump is an important component of the global carbon cycle is (BCP). Particle Export Efficiency (PEeff), defined as the proportion of primary production (PP) exported as ...Particulate Organic Carbon (POC) from the surface ocean, is increasingly used as a metric of the strength of the BCP. However our knowledge of which factors drive variability of PEeff remains poor. This is partially because comparisons of PEeff in different regions often overlook the timescale over which the method used operates in relation to the phase of the plankton bloom. Here we use three techniques to estimate PEeff in situ in the North Atlantic: the radioactive pairs 238U-234Th and 210Pb-210Po, and neutrally buoyant sediment traps (PELAGRA).
Order of magnitude discrepancies between values of PEeff obtained from PELAGRA relative to those obtained when applying both radionuclide techniques. POC export fluxes and satellite-derived PP suggest that this results from the differing time scales covered by the three methods and the timing of observations relative to the bloom peak. None of the three techniques are considered inappropriate to estimate PEeff in situ, but bloom dynamics must be considered in relation to the duration over which a particular sampling method operates.
Our results suggest a strong seasonal variability in PEeff, most likely controlled by the community structure and hydrographic conditions. This implies that the methods used (specifically their inherent timescales) and the phase of the bloom at the time of sampling must be carefully taken into account to ensure that individual PEeff estimates compiled from different sources to construct global export algorithms are comparable.
•Performances of 3 methods to obtain POC flux and export efficiency are examined.•Bloom dynamics and sampling date must be associated to the method time scale.•Discrepancies between PEALAGRA, 234Th and 210Po methods are satisfactory interpreted.•Seasonal variability of the export efficiency in the North Atlantic is detected.
Pellagroid dermatitis is a condition resulting from the deficiency of niacin and/or tryptophan that causes dermatological, gastrointestinal and neurological symptoms. It is very rare in our country, ...a fact that motivated us to present this case. The patient was a 49-year-old white man diagnosed with pellagroid dermatitis. He also suffered from hypothyroidism, alcohol dependence and had poor eating habits due to his frequent drinking. He had a medical history of hypertension and presented cutaneous manifestations of pellagroid dermatitis. The erythematous and scaly manifestations were located on the back of both arms. They resembled scalded skin; some had an ulcerated and blistered center and were similar to those in the neck, deltoid region and other sites exposed to sunlight. The lesions were permanently cured after vitamin therapy and skin protection from solar radiation.
Se presenta el caso de un paciente masculino de 41 años de edad, con antecedentes de alcoholismo. Acude a la consulta por tener manchas en la piel de los brazos, manos, porción superior del tórax, ...cuello, genitales externos, muslos y pies. Las manchas en la piel se incrementan con la exposición al sol. El paciente además presentó diarreas líquidas abundantes. Se muestran las fotografías con las alteraciones clínicas de un caso de pelagra. Fue tratado con ácido nicotínico, y complejo vitamínico; egresa con una mejoría ostensible de la enfermedad.A 41 year-old male patient with a history of alcoholism attended to the consultation presenting skin stains in arms, hands, superior portion of thorax, neck, external genitals, thighs and feet. The skin stains augmented with sun exposure. The patient also had abundant liquid diarrheas. Pictures presented the clinical alterations of a pellagra case were shown. Nicotinic acid and vitamins were the treatment followed; the patient improved and was discharged.
During the austral summer of 2004–2005, a large multi-disciplinary research cruise investigated the development and fate of a naturally iron-fertilised phytoplankton bloom in the Southern Ocean ...(Crozet Plateau). As part of this extensive process study, a neutrally buoyant sediment trap (PELAGRA) was deployed to constrain the magnitude, composition, and variability of upper-ocean particle export. In the productive regime north of the plateau we observed depth-normalised (100-m) organic carbon fluxes between 11 and 440
mg
C
m
−2
d
−1, and in the HNLC control region to the south similarly normalised fluxes between 28 and 46
mg
C
m
−2
d
−1. Mass balance calculations indicate that the high levels of carbon export north of the plateau would need to be maintained for at least 30 days in order to account for estimated seasonal depletion of dissolved silicic acid in surface waters. This would imply that the flux of organic carbon is ≈15
g
C
m
−2 for the period of the bloom north of the plateau. A range of export ratios (proportion of surface production lost to downward flux) was calculated using both contemporaneous and retrospective estimates of integrated production, and these highlight the temporal decoupling between production and export. Calculated export ratios were at their highest north of the plateau and correlate strongly with the selective export of large, heavily silicified diatoms, particularly
Eucampia antarctica, relative to the surface community structure. By normalising the molar elemental ratios measured in the exported particles to the molar elemental ratios of the upper-ocean particle field we also observed a strong decoupling of Si:C and Si:N. This suggests that the decoupling of the global silica and carbon cycles, which is well known as a defining feature of the Southern Ocean, has its origins in the upper ocean.
Niacina. Aspectos esenciales Carnet García, Caridad; Fernández Falcón, Lizet de la C; Rodríguez Carballo, Ana C ...
Revista información científica,
2015, Letnik:
90, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Structural aspects of niacin or nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) are presented, highlighting its presence in NAD + and NADP + cofactors. It delves into the main functions of these cofactors as well as ...other effects and mechanisms of action by which this vitamin is involved in the regulation of lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. The main foods are cited rich inniacin, their nutritional requirements and the main clinical manifestations that characterize its deficiency state are analyzed, too.
Se exponen los aspectos estructurales de la niacina o ácido nicotínico (vitamina B3), destacando su presencia en los cofactores NAD+ y NADP+. Se profundiza en las principales funciones de estos cofactores, así como en otros efectos y en los mecanismos de acción mediante los cuales esta vitamina participa en la regulación del metabolismo de lípidos y lipoproteínas. Se citan los principales alimentos ricos en niacina, sus requerimientos nutricionales y se analizan las principales manifestaciones clínicas que caracterizan su estado carencial.
Paciente masculino, 42 anos, etilista crônico, apresentando quadro de tumorações em região cervical e ao redor dos ombros, lesões eritemato-violáceas, descamativas e algumas lesões bolhosas, nas ...áreas fotoexpostas dos membros superiores e inferiores. Baseado no quadro clínico e nos exames complementares, foi estabelecido o diagnóstico de pelagra associada à lipomatose simétrica benigna, sendo ambos os quadros justificados pelo etilismo crônico. Tratado com reposição de complexo B intravenoso e orientado quanto à importância da abstinência alcoólica, apresentou remissão completa do quadro cutâneo, porém sem alteração da lipomatose.A 42-year-old male patient, alcoholic, presented showing signs of tumors in the neck and around the shoulders, scaly, erythematous-violaceous lesions and some bullous lesions in sun-exposed areas of upper and lower limbs. Based on clinical features, laboratory tests and imaging studies we have established the diagnosis of pellagra associated with benign symmetrical lipomatosis, both justified by chronic alcoholism. Treated with intravenous B-complex and oriented about the importance of alcohol withdrawal, the patient showed complete remission of skin lesions, but with no change in the lipomatosis.
Pellagroid dermatitis is a condition resulting from the deficiency of niacin and/or tryptophan that causes dermatological, gastrointestinal and neurological symptoms. It is very rare in our country, ...a fact that motivated us to present this case. The patient was a 49-year-old white man diagnosed with pellagroid dermatitis. He also suffered from hypothyroidism, alcohol dependence and had poor eating habits due to his frequent drinking. He had a medical history of hypertension and presented cutaneous manifestations of pellagroid dermatitis. The erythematous and scaly manifestations were located on the back of both arms. They resembled scalded skin; some had an ulcerated and blistered center and were similar to those in the neck, deltoid region and other sites exposed to sunlight. The lesions were permanently cured after vitamin therapy and skin protection from solar radiation.
Pellagra. A case presentation Miguel González Muñoz; Oscar Liza Hernández; Vladimir Escobar Alfonso
MediSur,
12/2007, Letnik:
5, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The case of 39 years-old man with alcoholic antecedents is presented. Skin lesions, localized in characteristic areas, (hands and forehands dorsum, elbow joint, and neck) increased parallel to the ...intensity of the sunstroke. He had diarrhea and neurological disorders. In our case, lesion problems were solved including nicotinic acid, and a vitamin complex in his diet. Photoprotectives and emollients were also used. It is important to notice that pellagra is now associated to a new kind of patient: alcoholic persons and is no longer an exclusive marker of misery.
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