U radu se, korištenjem konstruktivističkog pristupa Alexandera Wendta, analiziraju razlozi za nastanak europskih integracija s obzirom na
neriješeno njemačko pitanje. Pritom se koristi model odnosa ...identiteta i
interesa kako bi se analiziralo ponašanje Sjedinjenih Američkih Država
i Sovjetskoga Saveza u razdoblju od 1945. do 1990. s obzirom na nastanak hladnoga rata, europskih integracija i rješavanje njemačkoga pitanja.
Također se analizira odnos identiteta i interesa dviju njemačkih država
prema njihovom budućem ujedinjenju. Polazeći od Giddensove teorije
strukturacije, na koju se naslanja Wendtov konstruktivizam, prati se ponašanje države kao agenta u odnosu prema anarhiji kao strukturi među‑
narodnog sustava. U članku se propituje pretpostavka da je neriješeno
njemačko pitanje ubrzalo, ali i uvjetovalo nastanak europskih integracija.
Na kraju članka analizira se utjecaj politike detanta i njezinih posljedica
na njemačko ujedinjenje.
In this article, Alexander Wendt’s constructivist approach was used in order to explain the reasons for the formation of European integrations in
regard to the unresolved German Question. The model of interaction between identities and interests was used in order to analyse the behaviour
of two superpowers between 1945 and 1990, in relation to the following
developments: the Cold War, European integrations, and German unification. The behaviour of two German states regarding their future unification was also observed. The state was used as the basic unit of analysis.
As theoretical foundation, Wendt’s constructivist approach, which rests
on Giddens’ theory of structuration, was used in order to explain duality
of structure and agency in relation to reproduction or transformation of
the (international) system. The assumption that the unresolved German
Question not only accelerated but also conditioned the emergence of European integrations, was put under scrutiny. It was also analysed how the
emergence of the policy of detente conditioned the changes in international
relations during the observed period, particularly in regard to ideational
factors such as the results of the Conference on European Security and Cooperation, West German Ostpolitik, and the appearance of new ideas in the
former Soviet Union, as well as their role in the unification of two German
states in 1990.
Humana ekologija dio je ekologije koji je nastao u prošlom stoljeću a bavi se proučavanjem odnosa između čovjeka i njegove okoline. Ona je sastavni dio ekologije, a povezana je uz tzv. ekološko ...pitanje iz druge polovice XIX. stoljeća kada je znanost otkrila da zemlja i sve žive vrste na njoj tvore jedinstveni sustav i da utječu jedne na druge preko svojih međusobnih odnosa. Kada su započeli prigovori kršćanstvu da je odgovorno za nastanak ekološke krize i za uništavanje prirode svojim biblijskim stavom o Božjem opunomoćenju za zahvate u prirodi, nastala je i nova grana teologije nazvana ekoteologijom. U krilu katoličke teologije nju su posebno razvijali rimski biskupi (pape), a njezin je vrhunac enciklika pape Franje Laudato si’ koja je preuzela i razvila viziju integralne franjevačke teologije.
Human ecology is a part of ecology that emerged in the last century and deals with the study of the relationship between man and his environment. It is an integral part of ecology, and is associated with the so-called ecological issue from the second half of the 19th century when science discovered that the earth and all living species on it form a unique system and that they influence each other through their interrelationships. When reproaches began to Christianity that it was to blame for the ecological crisis and the destruction of nature with its biblical view of God's authority for interventions in nature, a new branch of theology called ecotheology emerged. In the bosom of Catholic theology, it was especially developed by the Roman bishops (popes), and its culmination is the encyclical of Pope Francis "Laudato si" which took over and developed the vision of integral Franciscan theology.
Autori donose
prijepis programskog teksta istaknutog pripadnika Demokratske stranke
slavonsko-srijemskog prostora, odvjetnika i (kako se tada govorilo) kraljevskog
javnog bilježnika u Slatini Zdravka ...Kovačevića. U njemu se iznose razmišljanja
o ključnom unutarnjem političkom problemu Kraljevine Srba, Hrvata i Slovenaca,
nezadovoljstvu Hrvata novonastalim stanjem, s posebnim naglaskom na ideologiju
jugoslavenskog unitarizma. Protkana su (zbog slabe očuvanosti stranačkog i
drugog arhivskog gradiva) vrijednim (i u historiografiji uglavnom zanemarenim)
osobnim iskustvima koja je Kovačević imao u prvim godinama političkog
djelovanja u novoj državi. Dokument je popraćen temeljnim podatcima o samom
Kovačeviću i kraćom analizom teksta, kao i motivima kojima je potaknut te
reakcijama na nj.
The authors have provided a copy of the party programme of the lawyer and, as he was referred to at the time, royal notary Zdravko Kovačević in Slatina, a distinguished member of the Democratic Party in the Slavonian-Syrmian area. The text provides reflections on the crucial inner political issue of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, the discontent of the Croats with the new conditions, with special emphasis on the ideology of Yugoslav unitarism. They are (due to the poor state of preservation of party political and other archival records) interwoven with Kovačević’s valuable (but mostly disregarded in historiography) personal experience during the first years of his political activities in the new state. The document also provides basic information about Kovačević as well as a brief analysis of the text, his
motives and the reactions to it.
U ovom članku autor ukazuje na postojanje židovskoga duhov- nog otpora tijekom Holokausta. Svoje istraživanje autor temelji na ponašanju običnih religioznih Židova tijekom doba Holokausta, koje je ...temeljito dokumentirano u literaturi rabinskih responsa nastalih u tom razdoblju. Autor najprije objašnjava literaturu response, nje- zinu povijest, status u židovskoj rabinskoj literaturi te njezinu jedin- stvenost u židovskom Zakonu, te je uspoređuje s drugim zakonskim sustavima. Središnji dio članka zauzima nekoliko responsa koje je autor odabrao nakon istraživanja rijetke literature - nekoliko knjiga responsa koje su napisali rabini koji su preživjeli Holokaust. Pitanja su postavljali obični Židovi tijekom Holokausta. Autor donosi i pita- nja i odgovore te ih analizira pomoću mnogih izvora rabinske literatu- re, od talmudskih vremena, preko srednjega vijeka sve do modernog doba. Autor je ovu literaturu prvi put preveo na hrvatski s hebrejsko- ga i aramejskog jezika.
Based on sources from various fonds of the Croatian State Archives, especially the documentation of the State Security Service of the Croatian Republican Secretariat of the Interior regarding Bogdan ...Radica and Franjo Tuđman and the correspondence between these two intellectuals who were kept under surveillance by the Service, the author presents the circumstances surrounding the initiative to print Tuđman’s book, Nacionalno pitanje u suvremenoj Europi (The National Question in Contemporary Europe), abroad. Namely, after criminal prosecutions in 1972 and 1981, Tuđman was forcibly removed from social life, pressured by the reality of Yugo-unitarism. The bold effort to publish his book despite all threats grew into an attempt to end his imposed isolation, which lasted until 1988, when he was accepted as a member of the Croatian Writers’ Association, after which he began to participate at public forums and, in 1989, published the book Bespuća povijesne zbiljnosti (Horrors of War: Historical Reality and Philosophy).
U radu se analiziraju članci objavljeni u
kulturno-političkom časopisu
Srđ
iz Dubrovnika tijekom njegova izlaženja (1902.
– 1908.) kojima je glavna preokupacija jezik. Autor polazi od imaginarija ...Srba
katolika u Dubrovniku da bi pokazao kako su se jezična pitanja problematizirala,
odnosno kakva su bila stajališta uredništva i autora prema dubrovačkom govoru
te prema dubrovačkoj književnosti – u prošlosti i danas. Na takav se način
pokušava razumjeti uloga jezika u određivanju nacionalnog identiteta grada.
Analiziraju se svi članci koji su relevantni za to pitanje, napose polemike i
pregledi književnosti. Autor se fokusira ne samo na iznesene teze nego i na
modele argumentiranja, čime želi istaknuti neke nedosljednosti tih koncepcija
te posljedice njihove primjene.
In this study, the articles published in the Dubrovnik
cultural-political journal
Srđ
throughout the whole period of its publication
(1902–1908) which deal with linguistic questions are taken into consideration.
Beginning with an overview of the imagery of the movement of ‘Serbs Catholics
in Dubrovnik, the researcher aims to demonstrate how linguistic issues were
conceptualized, i.e. how the editors and published authors referred to the
Dubrovnik vernacular and literature – now and in the past. In this way, the
researcher aims at understanding the role of language in the determination of
the national identity of the city. In the study, all articles which are
relevant to this issue are analyzed, in particular polemics and companions to
literature. The researcher focuses not only on the theses but also on the modes
of argumentation to single out inconsistencies of the ideas in question and
hence the outcomes of their use.
Autori se u tekstu bave analizom dvaju novootkrivenih dokumenata koje je
sastavio Ivo Pilar za potrebe informiranja visokih austrijskih krugova odlučivanja. Spomenica o novom uređenju Habsburške ...Monarhije i Rješenje južnoslavenskoga pitanja
dio su njegovih napora da u prvoj polovici 1918. predloži promjenu dualističke strukture Austro-Ugarske i istakne rješenja u korist njegove
vizije razvitka hrvatskih nacionalnih interesa. Autori navedene dokumente promatraju kroz koncepciju južnoslavenskoga pitanja koje se odnosilo na problem uređenja jugoistočnoga dijela Monarhije i na utjecaje srbijanske države. Posebnu pozornost posvećuju idejama subdualizma i kvadralizma, koje je Pilar sagledavao u kontekstu širih odnosa u Austro-Ugarskoj, napose u vezi s položajem poljskoga pitanja.
During World War I, Ivo Pilar, a famous Croatian politician from Bosnia and Herzegovina, produced and presented numerous political documents. His basic views on the national question are known from pre-war times. In the harsher wartime conditions, they became an example of advocating the resolution of the position of Croatia exclusively within the frame of the Habsburg Monarchy. This text analyses two newly-discovered documents that confirm Pilar’s political activities and his expectation that Austria-Hungary would survive the war, while its leadership would come to understand the need to change the dualistic structure of the state in order to secure its survival and future. Analysis shows that his proposals reached the important factors of Austrian politics, which confirms their relevance. The new documents show Pilar’s intent that they should be used to promote proposals on sub-dualism and quadrialism in favour of Croatian national interests as he imagined them in the context of the wartime turmoil.
U članku se analiziraju ključne točke sukoba u ustavnom procesu Kraljevine Srba, Hrvata i Slovenaca od nastanka te države do usvajanja Vidovdanskog ustava. Autor identificira pitanje unutarnjeg ...teritorijalnog razgraničenja kao nepomirljiv dio inače šireg spektra ustavnopravnih sporova između najutjecajnijih političkih stranaka. Pritom argumentira tezu da izvor sukoba leži u činjenici da su različite političke strategije vezane uz partikularne nacionalne ideologije bile formirane puno prije nastanka jugoslavenske ideologije i stvaranja države 1918. Iako nisu bile u potpunosti jedinstvene u pogledu svih ustavnih pitanja, najveća slovenska i najveća hrvatska politička stranka zagovarale su očuvanje povijesnih granica, što je bilo u skladu sa strategijom federalizacije koja se temeljila na nacionalnom principu. Različitim političkim i pravnim manevrima njihovi su se alternativni prijedlozi u potpunosti zanemarili te je usvojen unitaristički Vidovdanski ustav.
The question of contemporaneity of philosophy, which is thought as the co-existence with the time itself, is not aimed at some period within the history of philosophy, but at the question of ...philosophy itself. With such a question philosophy asks, distinguishes and judges itself, and thus essentially determinates itself in the entirety of the historical frame. The period of contemporary philosophy, viewed in the sense of self-contemplation, is thus judged as a period of the crisis of philosophy. Sutlić consider that s the reason is the inability of philosophy to orientate itself in the essence of time. In the prevalent crisis of our time, philosophy has a task to distinguish and to judge its potentiality. The reason for the inability of philosophy to orientate itself in the essence of time should, therefore, be sought for in the very potentiality of everything that is, as well as philosophy itself. The question of potentiality, of the origin of everything that is, aims to solve the crisis of philosophy. Problematizing worldly problems in that sense does not provide a solution. By asking the question about the essence of everything that is, in other words, asking essentially, is a solution to the crisis and the beginning of the reversion to the primeval reality, to a new way of thinking that thinks from the history itself.
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