U članku se analiziraju pravni položaj i postupna integracija peregrina u rimsko društvo u kontekstu aktualne problematike vezane za doseljavanje velikog broja migranata u EU. Analizirana je ...situacija neposredno prije donošenja tzv. constitutio Antoniniana 212. kojom su gotovo svi slobodni stanovnici države dobili rimsko građanstvo. Posebno se problematizira pravni položaj migranata i pitanje privlačnosti rimskog građanstva u različitim razdobljima. Predmet analize su i različiti načini stjecanja rimskog građanstva te posebno okolnosti navedene konstitucije. Općenito se razmatra rimska politika načelne inkluzivnosti prema strancima kao i njena ograničenja. Naposljetku je pravni položaj migranata u Europskoj uniji doveden u kontekst prethodne analize, te su obrađene potencijalno srodne okolnosti između situacije u rimskoj državi te u Uniji u pogledu aktualnih ili budućih politika vezano za pravni položaj stranaca.
The article analyses legal status of peregrini in Roman law and their gradual integration into Roman society within the context of the present issue associated with the large number of immigrants in the EU. Regarding Roman law the main focus of analysis was on the development up to the so-called constitutio Antoniniana from 212 which granted Roman citizenship to almost all free inhabitants of the Roman state. Legal status of peregrini and the problem of desirability of Roman citizenship in different periods is specifically addressed. Different methods of acquiring Roman citizenship are also analysed, as well as circumstances surrounding the aforementioned constitution. Generally, Roman policy of principal inclusivity regarding foreigners and its limitations are scrutinised. Finally, legal status of migrants in EU is put in the context of the previous analysis, and potentially relatable circumstances between Roman law and the current situation regarding the actual or future policies are examined.
Nakon gotovo tri desetljeća od izdanja trećeg, dopunjenog izdanja Rječnika rimskog prava profesora dr. Ante Romca (Informator, 1989.) zainteresiranima je nedavno ponuđen reprint tog izdanja ...(izdavačka kuća Dominović d.o.o., Zagreb, 2018.). Činjenica da se koji primjerak prethodnih izdanja mogao, uz malo sreće, naći u nekom antikvarijatu te činjenica da interes za Rječnik rimskog prava nije ograničen samo na studentsku populaciju, točnije na kandidate za polaganje predmeta Rimsko pravo, ponukalo je spomenutu izdavačku kuću na ovaj dobar poslovni potez. Za ovu vrstu stručne literature postoji u pravilu širok krug interesenata te i brojne verzije i izdanja.
U pojavi nedavnog reprint-izdanja Rječnika rimskog prava profesora Romca vidimo pravu prigodu da se prisjetimo golemog i značajnog opusa autora, dugogodišnjeg pročelnika Katedre za rimsko pravo i jednog od najznačajnijih imena na listi profesora Pravnog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, koji, osim dugačke liste znanstvenih radova, obuhvaća više povijesno-leksikografskih knjiga, visoko ocijenjenih od stručne kritike i većinom publiciranih u više izdanja.
U četvrtak, 10. svibnja 2018. godine, na Ekonomskom fakultetu Sveučilišta u Zagrebu održana je 5. konferencija o pravu i politici tržišnog natjecanja u spomen na doc. dr. sc. Vedrana Šoljana. Riječ ...je o tradicionalnoj godišnjoj konferenciji namijenjenoj pravnicima i ekonomistima, posebice odvjetnicima, sucima i drugim pravosudnim djelatnicima, korporativnim pravnicima, poduzetnicima, zaposlenicima u javnoj i državnoj upravi te akademskom sektoru. Konferencija je zamišljena kao forum za razmjenu znanja i iskustava o primjeni prava tržišnog natjecanja u širem europskom i hrvatskom kontekstu. Konferencija se sastojala od triju pozvanih predavanja i šest panela.
Cilj stečajnog postupka je namirenje vjerovnika stečajnog dužnika, a danas je većina imovine opterećena razlučnim pravima, stoga je način unovčenja imovine od presudne važnosti za ostvarivanje cilja ...stečajnog postupka. Elektronička javna dražba je uvedena kao način unovčenja imovine opterećene razlučnim pravom u stečajnom postupku sa ciljem da se riješe postojeći problemi i da se vjerovnicima omogući povoljnije unovčenje, no u praksi su se javili brojni problemi, zbog čega su ta pravila više puta mijenjana ali još uvijek se uočavaju određeni problem u praksi. Stoga autorice analiziraju pravila o elektroničkoj javnoj dražbi, upućujući na probleme koji su nastali u praksi te predlaže moguća rješenja.
The goal of the bankruptcy procedure is to satisfy the creditors of the bankrupt debtor, and today most of the assets are objects on wich the right for separate satisfaction exists, therefore the method of liquidation of obejects is of crucial importance for achieving the goal of the bankruptcy procedure. The electronic public auction was introduced as a way of liquidation of objects on wich the right for separate satisfaction exists in bankruptcy proceedings with the aim of solving existing problems and enabling creditors to cash in more favorably, but in practice numerous problems arose, which is why these rules have been changed several times, but still certain problems are observed in practice. Therefore, the authors analyze the rules on electronic public auctions, referring to problems that have arisen in practice, and suggest possible solutions.
The author analyses bona fides, or possession in good faith, as a prerequisite of the canonical praescriptio acquisitiva and the adverse possession as set forth in contemporary Croatian law in their ...interrelationship. The problem stems from the fact that the Treaty between the Holy See and the Republic of Croatia on legal matters, being an international treaty and thus having precedence over Croatian laws according to the Croatian constitution, in certain circumstances allows for a direct application of canon law within the Croatian legal system. The aim of this paper is to analyse whether this also applies to bona fides in adverse possession, and if so, in which way exactly. The canonical praescriptio in the context of the Roman legal tradition is analysed first in order to clarify certain terminological and conceptual discrepancies between canon law and Croatian law in this field. Bona fides regarding usucapio and praescriptio of Roman law and the Roman legal tradition is then particularly addressed. The central part of the paper deals with canonical bona fides, where it is specifically noted that it is a stricter standard in comparison to good faith as found in Croatian law. Canon law requires positive good faith throughout the whole required prescription period, meaning knowledge or a reasonable possibility of knowledge of having a right to possess, not infringing the right of another thereby. On the other hand, Croatian law requires knowledge or possibility of knowledge at the outset, while later on only acquired knowledge will render possession illicit. In addition, the Croatian standard of good faith is conceived more simply in comparison to the twofold canonical standard, i.e. only as the absence of knowledge or possibility of knowledge of not having a right to possess. Although both systems presume good faith, those differences may prove crucial if an interested party (owner of property being prescribed) offers evidence to the contrary. Finally, our analysis of the Treaty between the Holy See and the Republic of Croatia on legal matters revealed that the canonical standard of bona fides should be applied whenever a juridical person of the Catholic Church in Croatia acquires property by means of adverse possession, but by all accounts also when any other person acquires Church property in the same way.
Rad se bavi pitanjem ulaska radnih migranata u suvremenoj političkoj teoriji i analizira kako tom pitanju pristupaju kozmopolitizam i komunitarizam kao dvije suprotstavljene političko-teorijske ...struje mišljenja. Cilj rada je pokazati da su ta dva pristupa u nekim točkama pomirljivi unatoč dihotomiji u njihovim temeljnim teorijskim postavkama. U tu svrhu autorica najprije analizira kozmopolitski pristup kroz etiku diskursa i argumente u prilog otvorenijim granicama s pozicije etičkog univerzalizma i jednake moralne vrijednosti svih ljudskih bića. Oni se potom suprotstavljaju komunitarističkim argumentima u prilog ograničavanju prava na useljenje migranata iz perspektive ontoloških, deontoloških, društveno-političkih, pravno-političkih i etičkih argumenata kojima zajednica opravdava svoje pravo na zatvaranje granica. Rad uočava dodirne točke između kozmopolitizma i komunitarizma u načinu određivanja pravila ulaska, te u nužnosti obrazlaganja isključivanja onima kojima je ulazak ograničen ili zabranjen. U zaključnom razmatranju rad promišlja kako uočene teorijske podudarnosti mogu biti važne za položaj radnih migranata na zakonodavnoj i javno-političkoj razini.
The paper analyses, through the lens of case-law, some basic questions relating to unlawfulness in Croatian tort law, such as: Is unlawfulness a condition for liability? What are the elements of ...unlawfulness? What does unlawfulness relate to? What is the relationship between unlawfulness and fault? Based on what criteria should unlawfulness be assessed? The analysis conducted in this paper undoubtedly demonstrates that unlawfulness is a much more complex and dynamic notion than suggested in Croatian legal literature. In this respect, the analysis suggests that, when assessing unlawfulness of a tortfeasor’s actions, courts in Croatia often rely on some subjective elements legal literature commonly associates with fault. Furthermore, the analysis also demonstrates that, in the course of assessing unlawfulness of a tortfeasor's actions, courts in Croatia often take into consideration a number of elements, such as the nature and importance of the rights and interests involved, the level of peril involved in a particular activity, the level of violation of protective norms, availability of alternative protection measures, foreseeability of damage, but also the interplay between these elements. All this leads the author to the conclusion that the notion of unlawfulness, as understood in Croatian case-law, closely resembles the French notion of faute.
Autorica u radu nastoji prikazati biografske podatke o Ferdinandu Belaju, njegovu plodnu i bogatu akademsku, znanstvenu i publicističku djelatnost prvo kao vjeroučitelja (1876. – 1882.), kasnije kao ...suplenta pa profesora crkvenog prava (ak. god. 1881./1882. – 1909./1910.) na Bogoslovnom fakultetu Kraljevskog sveučilišta Franje Josipa I. u Zagrebu. Njegov doprinos razvoju kanonskopravne znanosti je znatan, što se ponajviše ogleda u brojnim znanstvenim radovima, člancima i vrijednim pravnim raspravama te vjernom obnašanju povjerenih crkvenih službi u kojima pokazuje visok stupanj stručnosti i primjene kanonskog prava u životu Crkve i društva. Belaj pripada krugu istaknutih ličnosti koje su ostavile zapažen trag na crkvenom i društvenom području na kraju 19. i početku 20. stoljeća. Autorica u radu ističe da se Belaj može ubrojati među prve autore koji odvažno pišu na hrvatskom jeziku, dajući time snažan doprinos razvoju kanonskopravne znanosti i terminologije u Hrvatskoj.
The paper tries to present dr. Ferdinand Belaj, his fruitful and rich academic, scientific and journalistic activity as a religious teacher (1876 - 1882), later as a substitute and full professor of church law (1881/1882 - 1909/1910) at the Faculty of Theology of the Royal University of Francis Joseph I in Zagreb. Belaj’s contribution to the development of canon law in Croatian circumstances was significant, and this can be evaluated through his legacy - various scientific works, articles and valuable tracts. Some of them have been published more than once. Dr. Ferdinand Belaj was a member of the circle of dignitaries who, at the end of the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth century, left a significant mark in Croatia in various areas of canon law, education and scientific research. The author points out that dr. Belaj was one of the first authors who wrote about canon law in the Croatian language, and thus he made a significant contribution to the development of canon law terminology in the Croatian language.
The concept of usufruct as an independent right, ius in re aliena, was not questioned in Justinian’s sources, while on the other hand, its systematisation, development, and legal nature in analyses ...of classical law were the subject of serious debates among Romance experts, mainly in Italian Romance studies from the beginning of the 20th century. Some experts in Romance studies understood usufruct as pars dominii, i.e. part of the property right that the owner retains for himself, thereby denying him the position of a special right. Such a concept originates from the glossator and post-glossator schools and, the paper analyses strong reflections of their teaching on contemporary legal doctrine. The paper deals with the concept and definition of usufruct and conducts analysis into the legal sources and reasons that led to differences in the understanding of the legal nature of the institute in the Roman legal tradition.
Among the various provisions related to certain segments of property law in most of the statutes of medieval Dalmatian communes, due attention was paid to the mode of acquisition. Buying at a public ...auction (emptio ad publicum incantum) is mentioned as one of these modes in all Dalmatian statutes, more or less extensively. This paper focuses primarily on the statutory provisions in the Book of Statutes, Laws, and Reforms of the City of Šibenik, which regulated various aspects related to the public auction procedure, starting with who had the right to participate in a public auction, the procedure, the regulation of cases when property could not be sold at a public auction (if damage was caused to the owner), and the issue of sanctioning those who would not pay the agreed price or would sell stolen property at an auction. What the application of these statutory provisions looked like in practice and whether they became “a petrified, dead letter on paper” or a “living source by which legal reality was shaped” (Nella Lonza) can be inferred from the breviary of public auctions kept in the preserved records of Šibenik notaries from the 15th century. It reveals details related to the identity of buyers, the value of items sold at the auctions, their origin and possible further (re) sale. This allows for a more complete insight into the various aspects of public auction institutes – their particularities, similarities, and differences – both at the local level of the city and at the regional (Dalmatian) level.
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