Fig. 1 Gustave Courbet, La Rencontre ou Bonjour M. Courbet, 1854, huile sur toile, 132 x 150,5 cm, Montpellier, musée Fabre. ...https://museefabre.montpellier3m.fr/COLLECTIONS/PRETS/Quelques_prets_majeurs/Gustave_Courbet_La_Rencontre Fig. 2 Octave Tassaert, Intérieur d’atelier, 1845, huile sur toile, 46 x 38 cm, Paris, musée du Louvre Photo (C) RMN-Grand Palais (musée du Louvre) / Tony Querrec C’est au xixe siècle que se forge la tradition de l’artiste (et de l’écrivain) associé à la bohème,...
Sakaouti est un groupe de prévention de l’échec scolaire qui est proposé à des enfants de 3e maternelle issus de milieux précarisés et repérés comme en difficulté par les institutrices. Il est animé ...par le binôme d’une logopède (orthophoniste) et d’une psychologue. Ce groupe de 8 enfants vise initialement à stimuler leurs outils cognitifs (langage oral, compétences visuo-spatiales et fonctions exécutives) et à les préparer aux apprentissages en primaire. Au fil du temps, nous avons constaté la nécessité d’une approche plus globale, incluant un travail sur les émotions, sur la relation à l’autre et sur toutes les facettes du développement. Nous réalisons désormais un travail « sur mesure » pour aider ces enfants à reprendre un développement harmonieux et si le groupe reste un outil de prévention, son cadre et ses effets sont à notre sens ceux d’un groupe thérapeutique.
Sakaouti is a prevention group proposed to preschool low socio-econonic status children who are identified as having a late development according to their teachers. A speech therapist and a psychologist lead together this group of 8 children. It aims to stimulate children's cognitive functions (oral language, visuo-spatial and executive functions) and to prepare them for primary school learnings. As time goes by, we have learned that we need a more global approach, including working on emotions, on social interactions and on all the development facets. We now apply a “tailored” approach to help these children to regain a harmonious development. Even if the group remains primarily a prevention tool, its setting and its effects make it also a therapeutic tool.
Drawing from material collected during two ethnographic investigations conducted in Rome and Lazio, I will focus on the experience of love triggered by relationships with human beings and ...archaeological remains. I aim to show how these activities give rise to a romantic experience in a context that paradoxically regards love as a fictional and unreliable reality. Utilizing Ernesto De Martino’s conceptual framework, I describe that for the transitional generation born around 1990, caught between precariousness and the triumphant narratives of their predecessors, romantic discourse serves as a shield against existential annihilation by the uncontrollable forces of the universe. It also serves as a means to attain a distinctive identity validated by Italian tradition and heritage. However, while love offers a stable and trustworthy refuge, it can also render individuals powerless to change their life situation and cope with a lack of future prospects.
Job insecurity is a pervasive phenomenon whose effects on support for different parties have attracted increasing attention in the literature. A growing body of research has assessed the relationship ...between job insecurity and the success of radical parties in Western democracies, but results are still inconclusive due to the complex nature of this independent variable. This article contributes new evidence to the current debates on this topic by analyzing how both objective labour market status and perceived job insecurity are associated with the vote for radical right and radical left parties. Our findings, based on four original surveys conducted in France, Germany, Greece and Spain, suggest that perceived job insecurity is generally associated with greater support for the radical left, but not for the radical right. In contrast, we find the relationship between objective labour market status and support for radical parties to be more ambiguous (and, in most cases, statistically non-significant).
The socio-professional condition of journalists has undergone profound changes over the past few decades. These result from a succession of crises that have affected the media in the context of a ...combined process of liberalization and digitalization. In addition to changes in production routines, newsrooms underwent restructuring operations, responsible for the recomposition of their workforce. Between collective redundancies, increased unemployment, fixed-term contracts, “green receipts”, discontinuous and intermittent forms of work, low wages, free work and low cost of interns, precariousness began, step by step, to characterize the journalistic condition. Based on the results of the “Study on the Effects of the State of Emergency on Journalism in the Context of Pandemic Covid-19”, this article aims to analyse the implications of these policies on journalists’ employment relations. The main objective is to understand to what extent media companies’ response to this new reality represents a setback of the logic behind precariousness or, on the contrary, its acceleration. The study aims, firstly, to produce a diagnosis on employment relationships before the state of emergency declaration (SED) — between March and April 2020 —, namely the incidence of temporary modalities and their relationship with factors such as gender or age. At a second step, the consequences of SED at this level will be analysed, mainly with regard to the use of temporary contracts, dismissals or lay-offs.
Some fictions that portray precariousness deal with the moral limits at the heart of the social division in order to evaluate both the character of the poor and our own faculties of judging him. ...However precariousness on the screen also consolidates a cinematographic model of causality and linearity, as well as the foundations of a montage based on continuity and discontinuity, which is set up at the beginning of the twentieth century. Thus, the figure of the poor, in fictions considered as imaginary courts, contributes to the development of narration which involves figural stakes. On the one hand, the social ambivalence of the figures of precariousness is a narrative engine and a source of tension that benefits the narrative. On the other hand, the image also opens the field of story to the motives of dream or fantasy through the figural precariousness which possesses itself a social sense.
During the 16th century, the mask and precariousness underwent respective evolutions, and their intersection between the forms of festive theatricality provoked the emergence of a science and ...consciousness of modern individuality. This article proposes an approach of “sociology of transformations of behavior” through a cross-analysis of the images. It sheds light on how the interweaving between (counter-)figures and concrete metaphors of precariousness (poverty, misery, instability), and practices of “masking” modify the norms of individuation and lead to a new form of individualization. Indeed, their encounters on the stage leads to the externalization of norms onto a sartorial aesthetics within a society constructed on the power of the gaze. Transposition into the symbolic of the social anxieties born from the aporias of Christian ethics and symbolism to resolve religious differences, the games of mask and precariousness opens the space for a new subjectivity.
Non-fiction filmmaking is generally expected, because of its indexical nature, to convey “information” or “messages” about the state of the world. From this idea result “ethical” considerations ...according to which any formal ambition, in particular with regard to the representation of precariousness, would lead to an inappropriate “aestheticization” concealing the social foundations of reality. On the contrary, through the study of Wang Bing’s films, and in the light of the notion of “dissensual form” proposed by Jacques Rancière, this article endeavors to show how the political quality of art does not lie in an opposition to its “aestheticization”, but in its sensory ways of distributing bodies, spaces and times, competence and incompetence to contribute to the common.
Abstract
Temporary employment has been the core dimension of employment precariousness in Spain for decades. In December 2021, a labour market reform aimed at reducing the use of fixed‐term ...contracts, which especially affected young people, was passed. This article compares the situation of young workers before and after this labour market reform, with the objective of identifying internal differences among this age group. The results show a substantial reduction in the prevalence of temporary employment after the reform, although they also show that temporary employment, as well as incipient forms of precariousness such as involuntary part‐time employment, are more concentrated than before among the most disadvantaged in this age group, following traditional patterns of segmentation in the labour market. This article, therefore, provides insights into which profiles of young workers were better off after the reform and which were not, offering valuable lessons for other countries with similar labour market challenges.
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