•Identification of early distress may be useful in prevention of suicide transmission in families.•Children of mothers who have a suicide risk history are considered at-risk.•Maternal history of ...suicidal thoughts and behaviors predicts preschooler aggression.
Maternal history of suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) has been identified as a robust risk factor for offspring emotional and behavioral problems, including risk for offspring STBs. The impact of maternal history of STBs has been well-documented in adolescent and young adult samples, with emerging research highlighting the need to examine early clinical correlates of risk in young children, prior to the emergence of STBs. In an extension of prior work, the current study examined associations between maternal history of STBs and previously identified emotional and behavioral correlates of STBs (negative affect, internalizing problems, attention problems, aggressive behavior) in young children. These associations were examined in a mother-preschooler sample (n = 158, mean preschooler age=41.52 months) with approximately half of mothers endorsing a history of STBs and 20 % of the sample scoring at the threshold that indicates suicide risk. In multivariate models, maternal history of STBs was significantly associated with preschooler aggressive behavior, assessed via mother- (β=0.19) and teacher-report (β=0.21), as well as mother-reported negative affect (β=0.22). Results document a link between maternal history of STBs and increased risk for heightened negative affect and aggressive behavior at home and school during the sensitive preschool period. Findings are discussed within the context of enhancing models of intergenerational transmission suicide risk.
At present, Chinese children aged 3–6 years old are facing challenges such as insufficient physical activity, declining physical health, and obesity, and China has yet to issue curriculum standards ...or physical activity guidelines for this age group. At the same time, the present kindergarten physical activity curriculum is insufficient. To address this issue, this study focused on designing and executing a planned active play intervention program for the kindergarten setting to analyze its efficacy in enhancing children's fundamental movement skills (FMS). This study aims to provide a reference for the theoretical and practical exploration of children's acquisition of fundamental movement skills in the Chinese context.
Fifty-two preschoolers participated in this study and were either part of an intervention group (n = 30) or a control group (n = 24). Children's FMS were assessed before and after the intervention using the Test of Gross Motor Development-3 (TGMD-3) and the balance ability of the The Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2). Physical activity (PA) during the planned active play intervention and the routine physical activity curriculum were assessed using the SOFIT throughout the intervention.
All the children significantly improved their locomotor skills, ball skills, and TGMD from baseline to the late assessment (p < 0.05). Children in the planned active play intervention group demonstrated greater rates of change (p < 0.001) and scored higher on ball skills and TGMD in the late assessment than those in the control group (p < 0.001). The children in the intervention group, but not those in the control group, significantly improved their balance over time (p < 0.05), and the former had greater rates of change (p < 0.001). Similarly, planned active play was found to provide children with more physical activity than the routine physical activity curriculum.
The eight-week planned active play intervention was effective in improving FMS in preschool children, with higher rates of FMS change in children who completed the intervention than children in the control group.
•The designed program considered guidance time and activity density, and the effect was better than that the original curriculum.•Children have 32–54% MVPA through the planned active play in kindergarten, significantly higher than before.•MVPA drives in early childhood may help improve fundamental movement skill proficiency.
This study investigated the relationship between singing ability and spatial ability in preschoolers between the ages of 4 and 6 years old. The purpose was to examine cognitive ability associated ...with singing ability, in considering how to support singing in the field of early childhood education. We measured verbal ability and age as a control variable. Singing ability was measured using the "AIRS Test Battery of Singing Skills (ATBSS) for Children-Revised" (Ogura & Adachi, 2018). Spatial ability and verbal ability were measured using the WPPSI-III Block Design and Vocabulary. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that preschoolers with higher spatial ability had higher singing ability. No association between singing ability against verbal ability and age was identified. We concluded that the relationship of spatial and singing abilities was confirmed because both abilities were associated with perception and motor integration. Future intervention studies should be conducted in early childhood education settings.
Introduction: In recent years, attention has been drawn toward assessing the effectiveness of an oral health education program, especially for preschool students, in order to improve oral hygiene ...status. There is a difference in the level of ability and learning methods based on age. For early childhood, they tend to imitate the things they see, both people and multimedia images. This research was aimed to analyse the effectiveness of educational video in improving oral hygiene level in preschool students. Methods: This type of research was quasi-experimental with one group pretest-posttest design. The sampling method was the total sampling and obtained 40 subjects. The research population was all students in Al Azhar Kindergarten aged 4-6 years and met the inclusion criteria. Greene and Vermilion Plaque Index was applied to measure the oral hygiene status of each subject before and after the intervention with educational video. The intervention consisted of four meetings; each meeting consisted of before and after plaque index measurement and also after watching the educational video. Data were analysed using t-paired statistical analysis. Results: The result showed a comparison of difference of the plaque index value change on the day I with day VII, which obtained the t-value = 3.365, higher than the t-table = 2.02. Conclusion: Educational video is effective in improving oral hygiene in preschool students by reducing the plaque accumulation.
This study aimed to explore the effect of family-professional partnerships in adapted physical education on the fundamental motor skills, physical activity levels, and adaptive behaviors of children ...with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and on parental satisfaction.
A randomized controlled trial design was used, with pre-and post-intervention evaluations. Participants (n = 40), including children with ASD and their parents, were divided into three groups: (a) a family-school group (FSG-A, n = 14), (b) a school group (SG-B, n = 13), and (c) a control group (CG-C, n = 13).
After 12 weeks of intervention, the within-group comparison revealed that the FSG-A performed better than the SG-B and CG-C for all variables. The among-group comparison further revealed that the FSG-A had greater fundamental motor skill scores than the SG-B (p = 0.021) and CG-C (p < 0.001), had greater adaptive behavior and family-professional partnership scores than the SG-B and CG-C (p < 0.001 for all), and had higher physical activity levels than the SG-B (p < 0.05) and CG-C (p < 0.001).
This study underscores the significance of robust family-professional partnerships in exercise interventions for children with ASD.
PURPOSEThis study examined the improvement in vocabulary and listening skills of children with ASD through adapted shared reading. It also investigated the generalisation effect of this increase to ...new books and social validity. METHODSA multiple probe across participants design was used to investigate the effect of ASR (adapted shared reading) on the vocabulary and listening comprehension skills of young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The participants were Turkish-speaking children diagnosed with ASD attending a preschool special education institution in Turkey. The researcher analysed the data obtained from the baseline, intervention, generalization and mastery phases using the visual analysis method. RESULTSFollowing the intervention, all three participating children gradually improved their vocabulary and listening comprehension skills. The findings suggest that young children with ASD can participate in and benefit from shared reading interventions with support. CONCLUSIONThe adapted shared reading method (ASR) is an effective method for increasing the vocabulary and listening comprehension skills of young children with ASD.
Introduction: Vein puncture is an invasive but common procedure for children, often accompanied by pain, fear and anxiety and refuse to cooperate. Distraction technique is one of the ...non-pharmacological methods of controlling pain. The objective of this study was to find the effectiveness of video assisted distraction technique in reduction of pain among preschooler children. Methods: Quasi experimental study was conducted in Bharatpur Hospital, Chitwan, Nepal. 108 preschooler children consisting of 54 children in each experimental and control group selected by non-probability purposive sampling technique were enrolled in the study. Structured pain scale was used to collect data in both groups. Animated cartoon video was shown only to experimental group five minutes prior to until the vein puncture was over. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics and inferential statistical tests. Results: In experimental group, 59.2% had moderate pain whereas 68.5% in control group had severe pain. The pain score of experimental group was significantly lower than that of control group at p = 0.05 with the mean value of experimental and control group 6.85 ± 0.79 and 7.25 ± 0.87 respectively. Conclusions: Distraction is an effective technique for children undergoing vein puncture in order to alleviate pain level during vein puncture
Objective: The objective of this study is to compare the characteristics of dinner among preschoolers based on vegetable intake, as part of efforts to promote the intake of vegetables among ...them.Methods: From March to May 2019, 121 preschoolers aged 4–6 participated in a five-day dietary record survey using photographs. We examined their intake of vegetables and nutrients, the types of vegetables, the number of staple foods, main and side dishes, etc., as well as the items consumed as side dishes at dinner time. The preschoolers were categorized into three groups by the 25th and 75th percentiles of vegetable intake, and their dinner was compared.Results: Data of 118 participants with no defects were analyzed. The median (25, 75 percentile) vegetable intake was 54 (39, 74) g/dinner. The high vegetable intake group consumed a diet with a higher proportion of energy, vegetable intake per 1,000 kcal, and salt intake compared to other groups. The high intake group consumed five types of vegetables per dinner and six side dishes per five dinners, which was the highest. The high intake group also consumed raw vegetables, vegetable soups, and simmered vegetables frequently.Conclusions: The characteristics of dinner differed among preschoolers based on the vegetable intake. The high intake group consumed five types of vegetables and at least one side dish per dinner, and raw vegetables, vegetable soups, and simmered vegetables frequently.
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