Since 2019, when the Croatian language subject curriculum was introduced, until today, new textbooks of Croatian have been written, and the aim of this paper is to investigate how consistent they are ...in the use of linguistic terminology. Previous research has pointed to the lack of uniformity and consistency in the use of linguistic terminology in Croatian language textbooks, which is reflected, among other things, in many pairs and sequences of synonyms, causing difficulties in school practice. In the first phase of the research, which is presented in this paper, all primary school textbooks for grades 5-8 were analyzed, focusing on the terms at the phonological, morphological, syntactic, lexicological, and orthographical levels. The results of the textbooks analysis were compared with the terminology in contemporary school grammar books and Croatian orthography and spelling books, with the 2006 Primary School Curriculum, and with the 2019 Croatian language subject curriculum entitled the Curriculum of the Subject Croatian Language for Primary Schools and Grammar Schools. Although certain different linguistic terms can be found in new textbooks at all mentioned levels, it can still be concluded that contemporary textbooks are more consistent than previous textbooks regarding the use of linguistic terms.
Ethiopia has made major strides in improving its human development indicators in the past 15 years, achieving significant increases in the coverage of basic education and health services in a short ...period of time. Imrovements took place during a period of massive decentralization of fiscal resources, to the regions in 1994 and to woredas in 2002-03. The devolutionof power and resources from the federal and regional governments to woredas appears to have improved the delivery of basic services. Surveys of beneficiaries reveal that they perceive that service coverage and quality have improved. Beneficiary satisfaction has increased markedly in education, and less conspicuously in water and health services. In the south, the decentralization to woredas 2002-03 tended to narrow differences in per capita expenditures on education and health across woredas. Decentralization disproportionately favored woredas that are remote (more than 50 kilometers from a zonal capital), food-insecure, and pastoral, suggesting that decentralization has been ppro-poor. Decentralization also narrowed the gap in educational outcomes between disadvantaged and better-off woredas, especially in the south. Pastoral, food-insecure, and remote woredas gained in terms of the educational outcomes examined (gross enrollment rates, grade 8 examination pass rates, repetition rates, pupil-teacher ratios, and teacher-section ratios).
Recently emerging from a decade-long civil war, Sierra Leone is making a remarkable recovery. The future holds great promise as well as many challenges for the education system in Sierra Leone. The ...rapid expansion of enrollments in primary school after the war will place pressure on the secondary school level and careful planning will be required to manage the expansion. As the priority shifts from emergency rehabilitation of schools to established basic service delivery, overcrowded classes and the quality of teaching and learning will need to be addressed. Focus should turn to the children from poor families and to eliminating disparities across regions, urban and rural areas and between boys and girls. The future of the education system will depend largely on the success of the decentralization process, which in turn relies on careful planning and the building of local and central capacity. All of this will require fiscally sustainable long-term development plans for the education sector.This book is an analysis of the education system in Sierra Leone, particularly at the primary and secondary levels. It provides an analytical foundation for the preparation of an education sector-wide strategy.
Kulturnom i obrazovnom napretku jednoga naroda uvelike pomaže i bogatstvo udžbeničkog opusa. Ako je broj udžbenika u porastu i ako postojeći dobivaju nadopunu i preradu u skladu sa svekolikim ...društvenim napretkom, onda je njihova, gore navedena svrha ispunjena. U ovom članku bavimo se udžbenicima za osnovnu i srednju školu. Konkretno, analiziramo kršćanske teme u tim udžbenicima, kako bismo dobili što jasniju sliku o mogućem nadopunjavanju vjeronauka s drugim predmetima unutar školskog sustava.
Analizirani su u potpunosti udžbenici izdavačke kuće Školska knjiga, a od drugih izdavača velika većina onih koji obrađuju kršćansku tematiku. Pregledavajući postojeće udžbenike, uočeno je da ih je mnogo, možda i previše s obzirom na potrebe hrvatskog školstva. Prisutnost kršćanskih tema u istima je različita, kako s obzirom na predmete, tako i s obzirom na autore. Činjenica je da ih u cjelini ima dosta i da predstavljaju dobar temelj za međupredmetnu korelaciju.
Bangladesh has recorded many impressive achievements in economic and social development in the last decade and a half. It has achieved steady economic growth of over 5.5 percent annually (over 6 ...percent on average since 2004), maintained relatively low inflation and stable levels of domestic debt. More remarkable have been its achievements in reducing income poverty and improving social indicators, such as life expectancy, fertility control, child mortality, literacy and enrollment rates, which, in many cases, exceed other countries in the region and outside. In addition to standard expenditure policy analysis typically associated with Public Expenditure Reviews (PERs), this study combines an assessment of key institutional elements that are likely to affect budget outcomes with political economy analysis of the budget institutions, in order to discover the underlying reasons behind the existing equilibrium. While the Public Expenditure and Institutional Review (PEIR) does not include a description of the technical aspects of Public Financial Management (PFM) institutions, it makes use of the numerous studies that exist in this area to illustrate their effect on incentives. This approach is motivated by Bangladesh's long journey of 14 years towards reforming PFM systems, which is yet to result in a fundamental break with past practices of input-oriented incremental budgeting and relatively weak expenditure controls, especially at the sector-specific level. This requires different thinking and an approach aimed at addressing the incentive structure of those who can influence more fundamental reforms in PFM.
This report seeks to identify changes in human development outcomes in a period of deepening decentralization and to suggest how the country's decentralized governance structure will be improved to ...increase access to, as well as the quality of, relevant services. The report states decentralized governance structure helped facilitate improvements in service delivery and human development outcomes. The report argues that while policymakers, providers, and citizens must work together to strengthen accountability mechanisms, there is a particular need to strengthen local government and enhance the role of service. The report focuses on key actors and their roles in accelerating progress toward achieving the Millenium Development Goals (MDGs) in Ethiopia. The report provides feedback from users of public services on access to, quality of, and adequacy of services. Improvements in health and education outcomes in the past 15 years occurred at a time of massive decentralization in Ethiopia.
PDF
