En este artículo se analizan los criterios que deben considerarse para evaluar la responsabilidad del Estado colombiano por las afectaciones que sufran, derivadas de la CO VID-19, las personas ...privadas de la libertad (PPL). Así, en primer lugar, se estudia la emergencia sanitaria generada por la COVID-19 y sus efectos en el sistema punitivo colombiano. En segundo lugar, se describe la respuesta de las instituciones estatales en el marco del estado de cosas inconstitucional declarado por la Corte Constitucional. En tercer lugar, se analizan los principales desarrollos jurisprudenciales que, en materia contencioso administrativa, se han identificado en torno a la violación de los derechos de las PPL por causas imputables al Estado. Finalmente, se esbozan algunas conclusiones en torno a la posibilidad o no de adoptar criterios flexibles que permitan evaluar la responsabilidad del Estado colombiano frente a una situación inédita en la historia reciente.
Prisons are on the increase from the United States to China, as ever-larger proportions of humanity find themselves behind bars. While prisons now span the world, we know little about their history ...in global perspective. Rather than interpreting the prison's proliferation as the predictable result of globalization, Cultures of Confinement underlines the fact that the prison was never simply imposed by colonial powers or copied by elites eager to emulate the West, but was reinvented and transformed by a host of local factors, its success being dependent on its very flexibility. Complex cultural negotiations took place in encounters between different parts of the world, and rather than assigning a passive role to Latin America, Asia, and Africa, the authors of this book point out the acts of resistance or appropriation that altered the social practices associated with confinement. The prison, in short, was understood in culturally specific ways and reinvented in a variety of local contexts examined here for the first time in global perspective.
Soon after the close of military operations in the American Civil War, another war began over how it would be remembered by future generations. The prisoner-of-war issue has figured prominently in ...Northern and Southern writing about the conflict. Northerners used tales of Andersonville to demonize the Confederacy, while Southerners vilified Northern prison policies to show the depths to which Yankees had sunk to attain victory. Over the years the postwar Northern portrayal of Andersonville as fiendishly designed to kill prisoners in mass quantities has largely been dismissed. The Lost Cause characterization of Union prison policies as criminally negligent and inhumane, however, has shown remarkable durability. Northern officials have been portrayed as turning their military prisons into concentration camps where Southern prisoners were poorly fed, clothed, and sheltered, resulting in inexcusably high numbers of deaths. Andersonvilles of the North, by James M. Gillispie, represents the first broad study to argue that the image of Union prison officials as negligent and cruel to Confederate prisoners is severely flawed. This study is not an attempt to “whitewash” Union prison policies or make light of Confederate prisoner mortality. But once the careful reader disregards unreliable postwar polemics, and focuses exclusively on the more reliable wartime records and documents from both Northern and Southern sources, then a much different, less negative, picture of Northern prison life emerges. While life in Northern prisons was difficult and potentially deadly, no evidence exists of a conspiracy to neglect or mistreat Southern captives. Confederate prisoners’ suffering and death were due to a number of factors, but it would seem that Yankee apathy and malice were rarely among them. In fact, likely the most significant single factor in Confederate (and all) prisoner mortality during the Civil War was the halting of the prisoner exchange cartel in the late spring of 1863. Though Northern officials have long been condemned for coldly calculating that doing so aided their war effort, the evidence convincingly suggests that the South’s staunch refusal to exchange black Union prisoners was actually the key sticking point in negotiations to resume exchanges from mid-1863 to 1865. Ultimately Gillispie concludes that Northern prisoner-of-war policies were far more humane and reasonable than generally depicted. His careful analysis will be welcomed by historians of the Civil War, the South, and of American history.
El artículo estudia algunos de los cambios legislativos producidos a partir de la reforma de 2006 en materia de ejecución de la pena de prisión de adultos en Alemania. El presente artículo indaga si ...las nuevas legislaciones estaduales en materia de ejecución de la pena de prisión de adultos recogen los lineamientos de la Ley Federal de 1976 y los estándares jurisprudenciales del Tribunal Constitucional Federal Alemán (BVerfG) en la materia. Se busca conocer en qué temáticas los criterios de la ley federal y jurisprudencia del BVerfG influyen en las legislaciones estaduales, así como las temáticas donde las leyes estaduales han innovado con soluciones distintas a las planteadas por la ley federal y la jurisprudencia del BVerfG. También se pretende hacer un análisis crítico acerca de si dicha adhesión o distanciamiento de las leyes estaduales significa o no un avance con respecto a la normativa anterior.
Lá se vão mais de dois anos quando este Dossiê começou a ser imaginado. O tema e os contornos que lhe dão forma remetem à realização de um seminário, em novembro de 2017, nas dependências do ...Instituto de Ciências Sociais da Universidade do Minho, em Braga, Portugal. No centro de tais discussões estava a prisão, mais especificamente, os fluxos, as conexões e as ressonâncias que tensionam a imagem do cárcere como espaço autocentrado, como unidade de análise, como categoria que parece trazer consigo mesma uma espécie de delimitação invariável. Sem perder de vista as dinâmicas intramuros, ao longo do referido evento, que reuniu investigadores portugueses, brasileiros e espanhóis, tratou-se de prospectar as extensões do cárcere: a prisão que se conecta às diversas formas de controle a céu aberto; que opera em conjunto com uma multiplicidade de equipamentos de assistência social e de saúde; que funciona em correlação com controles de fronteira; que produz a mobilização de familiares e de outros agentes sociais ao redor de seus muros.
Across the Divide Dowling, Charlotte
Forum (Edinburgh),
01/2019
28
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
In women’s memoirs of the Gulag and Soviet prison system, walls are not represented in the entirely negative way one might expect. Rather, the walls hold a paradoxical position in the texts. For, ...while they physically separate the women from their loved ones and their old lives, the walls become a platform for building friendships and starting up romantic liaisons by providing a means of communication between prisoners in different cells. The walls also offer the women some real protection from the sexual aggressors shown to dominate mixed spaces—and indeed, the walls of these cells are the known in a system where the unknown poses real danger.
The Routledge Handbook on American Prisons is an authoritative volume that provides an overview of the state of U.S. prisons and synthesizes the research on the many facets of the prison system. The ...United States is exceptional in its use of incarceration as punishment. It not only has the largest prison population in the world, but also the highest per-capita incarceration rate. Research and debate about mass incarceration continues to grow, with mounting bipartisan agreement on the need for criminal justice reform.
Divided into four parts (Prison Security, Operations, and Administration; Types of Offenders and Populations; Living and Dying in Prison; and Release, Reentry, and Reform), the volume explores the key issues fundamental to understanding the U.S. prison system, including the characteristics of facilities, inmate risk assessment and classification, prison administration and employment, for-profit prisons, special populations, overcrowding, prison health care, prison violence, the special circumstances of death row prisoners, collateral consequences of incarceration, prison programming, and parole. The final section examines reform efforts and ideas, and offers suggestions for future research and attention.
With contributions from leading correctional scholars this book is a valuable resource for scholars with an interest in U.S. prisons and the issues surrounding them. It is structured to serve scholars and graduate students studying corrections, penology, institutional corrections, and other related topics.
PDF
