While Instagram influencers may have started out as ordinary people documenting their everyday life through a stream of photographs, they are increasingly emerging as an intermediary between ...advertisers and consumers. This study examines the professionalization of Instagram influencers, combining data from 11 interviews with travel influencers with a visual and textual content analysis of their 12 most recent Instagram posts (N = 132). We show how the increasing professionalization of the influencer steers their relationship with their audience, the advertisers they work with, and the platform Instagram. We argue that, for the Instagram influencer to be perceived as successful, they need to negotiate a tension: they need to appear authentic, yet also approach their followers in a strategic way to remain appealing to advertisers. Although Instagram influencers are seen as more trustworthy than traditional forms of advertising, this tension ultimately leads to a standardization of the content shared by influencers.
ZusammenfassungDer vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt aktuelle Herausforderungen und zeigt auf, mit welchen Instrumenten das Frankfurter Jugend- und Sozialamt (JSA) durch die schwierigen Zeiten ...navigieren will. Eine starke fachliche Positionierung (Sozialkonzeption JSA 2023) – und nicht etwa der Abbau von Qualitätsstandards – steht bei der Führung dieses Amtes im Vordergrund. Auch wenn die Verlockungen groß sind, auf die aktuellen Herausforderungen mit oftmals kurzfristig pseudo-plausiblen „Lösungen“ zu reagieren, wird das Jugendamt Frankfurt/Main nicht von seinem zentralen Ziel der fortschreitenden Professionalisierung abweichen.
Ce numéro de la revue Recherches en éducation explore la notion de développement professionnel de manière critique. Il entend marquer le pas d’une époque en mutation. Il s’agit d’actualiser l’utilité ...de cette notion. Pour profiler des perspectives et des positionnements scientifiques renouvelés, il était important de décrire, finement, les stratégies d’implication sur les terrains comme d’impulser des travaux prometteurs. L’intérêt est d’armer ainsi les jeunes chercheurs pour continuer à innover en sciences de l’éducation et de la formation, sur des bases d’études à la fois contextuelles, datées mais en lien avec l’historique de diffusion de cette notion : le développement professionnel, qu’est-ce que c’est ? La question des liens productifs entre recherche et formation est ainsi clairement interpellée dans ce numéro. Outre les besoins de définition et d’assise pour comprendre ce que désigne le développement professionnel qui ouvre le numéro, les huit articles qui composent l’ensemble décrivent finement ce qui fait la subtilité des situations de travail observées parce que situées professionnellement. Les auteurs révèlent et relèvent en quoi chaque situation transforme le sujet, les collectifs, pointe plus ou moins de performativité, ce qui permet de dessiner une ligne de continuum reliant chaque métier aux activités situées : professer, vendre, soigner, former, etc. produit, à chaque fois, sa dynamique propre de développement professionnel, et permet aussi de dégager des transversalités.
This issue of the journal Recherches en éducation explores the notion of professional development in a critical way. He intends to mark the step of a changing era. It is a question of updating the usefulness of this notion. To profile renewed scientific perspectives and positions, it was important to describe, in detail, the strategies of involvement in the field as well as to stimulate promising work. The interest is to thus arm young researchers to continue to innovate in the sciences of education and training, on the basis of studies that are both contextual, dated but linked to the history of the dissemination of this notion: what is professional development? The question of the productive links between research and training is thus clearly addressed in this issue. In addition to the need for definition and foundation to understand what the professional development that opens the issue means, the eight articles that make up the set describe in detail what makes the subtlety of the work situations observed because situated professionally. The authors reveal and note how each situation transforms the subject, the collectives, points more or less to performativity, which makes it possible to draw a line of continuum linking each profession to the situated activities : teaching, selling, treating, training, etc. produces, each time, its own dynamic of professional development, and also makes it possible to identify transversalities.
Professionalization has become a major focus of discussion in the evaluation community, and the process of professionalizing the field of evaluation has provoked strong reactions, both positive and ...negative, from scholars and practitioners alike. The purpose of this chapter is not to take a stand on the merit or worth of the arguments that proponents and detractors routinely make, but to situate the newly approved 2018 AEA Evaluator Competencies within the larger framework of professionalization. This chapter first presents a broad overview of the steps involved in professionalizing any field, then uses it to describe the history of professionalization and competencies development within AEA. Looking broadly, it concludes with a summary of current professionalizing activities around the world.
This study explores the construction of teachers' identities during their pre-service training and their initial period of professional induction. Thirteen life stories of novice teachers of ...differing characteristics attending the Master's Degree in Secondary Education Teaching at the University of Barcelona (Spain) are analysed. Findings identify four dimensions in identity construction (attribution, projection, development and transformation) and analyze their key components. The implications of the findings are discussed in terms of the dialectic between the professionalizing models in the training programme and the professional communities and teachers' specific personal processes of professional self-determination.
•Novice teachers describe their experiences of pre-service training and their professional induction.•Findings identify key dimensions and processes in their identity construction.•These constructions critically question the professionalizing model experienced.•A dialectic is indicated between professionalizing educational models and processes of professional self-determination.
The final chapter summarizes the content of Parts I and II, addresses issues raised by our critical friends in Chapters 4 and 8, and offers multiple steps that the newly formed American Evaluation ...Association (AEA) Professionalization and Competencies Working Group may consider exploring when it addresses its three charges. Overall suggestions include four areas of activity: continuing development of the competencies, encouragement of voluntary use in a variety of spheres, extensive engagement of the AEA membership, and exploration of additional ways to professionalize the field. A summary table identifies specific recommendations from this issue's chapters.
The paper draws on Bourdieu’s conceptualisation of the symbolic order and his little used concept of ethos in order to gain novel understandings of boundary struggles between nursing and medicine as ...well as internally in nursing. The constituents of boundary struggles are analysed in the context of healthcare transformation, focusing on organisational, institutional and political boundary undertakings. Changing conditions for boundary demarcations and professionalisation include a preference for evidence‐based knowledge and practice, seen as a remedy against common problems in health care. The paper shows how nurses use the changes in ‘the space of possible professionalisation’ in their struggle for professionalisation when they expand their scope of practice and embark on what is conceptualised as a curing ethos, where nursing is understood as a discipline performing practices that lead to cure. However, this is repudiated by the medical profession at all levels. Moreover, curing stands opposed to the caring ethos in nursing and boundary struggles surface as ‘ethos confrontation’ between caring‐ and curing‐oriented nurses in practice. The boundary struggles analysed in this paper raise important questions about healthcare manageability and the development of sustainable professional environments.
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