Osnovni motiv Heideggerova tumačenja Kantove teorijske filozofije sastoji se u tome da se pokaže da Kantovo učenje o shematizmu i vremenu predstavlja tek pred-stupanj problematike temporalnosti. U ...tom kontekstu analizirat ćemo Heideggerovu tezu o transcendentalnoj uobrazilji kao »izvoru« vremena, odnosno matematičke sheme vremenskog niza i vremenskog sadržaja. S obzirom na to da su ove sheme nužnim načinom povezane s kategorijama kvantitete i kvalitete, kao i s načelima (sintetičkim stavovima a priori) čistog razuma koja je Kant formulirao kao »aksiome zrenja« i »anticipacije opažaja«, jasno je da je time naš interpretativni zadatak postao složeniji. Paralelno s navedenim, morali smo dovesti u vezu jedinstvo vremena (kao formalnog zora) s jedinstvom praosnovne apercepcije (strukture samosvijesti), kao i čulno danu mnogostrukost s vremenom kao formom čistog čulnog zora. Usporedna analiza A i B izdanja Kantove Kritike čistog uma omogućila nam je, preko Heideggerovih predavanja i studija, da unutar Kantova teksta sagledamo mogućnosti »ontologizirane« i fenomenološki usmjerene interpretacije i tumačenja osnovnih postavki Kantove »teorije spoznajnog subjekta«.
U radu su prikazani rezultati etnografskog istraživanja ansambla JeboTon, skupine mladih glazbenika koji sviraju na zagrebačkim ulicama. JeboTon je kolektiv članova raznih bendova koji su željeli ...sudjelovati na zagrebačkoj sceni tako što će svirati na ulici. Većina ljudi aktivnih u JeboTonu mladi su ljudi od 20 do 30 godina. Aktivnosti temelje na sviranju na javnim prostorima u Zagrebu, ali putuju i u druge hrvatske gradove te u inozemstvo. Promatranjem sa sudjelovanjem istraživane su aktivnosti, organizacija te unutargrupna dinamika, dok su materijali prikupljeni polustrukturiranim intervjuima korišteni pri analizi specifičnih narativa pojedinaca u kolektivu, kao i njihovih stavova u vezi s kulturom, alternativnom scenom u Zagrebu, principima djelovanja kolektiva te ulozi javnog prostora u reprodukciji kulturnog sadržaja. U ovom radu želimo odgovoriti na dva istraživačka pitanja: 1. kako mladi aktivni u ansamblu JeboTon gledaju na svoje djelovanje u javnom prostoru; 2. kako mladi aktivni u ansamblu JeboTon doživljavaju javni prostor kao mjesta kulturne reprodukcije u usporedbi s drugim prostorima kulturne reprodukcije (npr. klubovima). Kako bismo predmetu istraživanja pristupili što detaljnije, istraživanju javnog prostora i kulturnih praksi pristupili smo koristeći se konceptima koji su bliski različitim disciplinama koje istražuju urbane i javne prostore kao što su urbana sociologija i antropologija te disciplinama koje se bave kulturom i mladima.
Već zbog svoje konstitutivne funkcije unutar kategorije povijesti vrijeme je u židovsko-kršćanskoj tradiciji, pa onda i u kršćanskoj teologiji uvijek bilo veoma značajna i često promišljana tema, dok ...je kategorija prostora u toj istoj teologiji ostajala više na periferiji interesa. Međutim u suvremenoj kršćanskoj teologiji primjećuje se probuđeni interes za tu kategoriju i nastojanje da ju se pokaže kao imanentno teološku kategoriju jer se u njoj prepoznaje egzistencijalno vjerničko pitanje ljudskoga traganja za Božjom nazočnošću i blizinom. Riječ je o pristupu u kojem se prostor promišlja kao relativnu veličinu u odnosu na Boga i čovjeka te s druge strane kao moguću oznaku samoga Božjega bića. S tom je argumentacijom pitanje prostora našlo svoje mjesto i u teološkim traganjima Jürgena Moltmanna. On se pita kako se prostor dade misliti unutar bogoiskustva, odnosno kako misliti i razumjeti Boga ako pokušamo promišljati prostor u Bogu i Boga u prostoru. S tim se pitanjem suočava kroz svoju vjerničko-teološku otvorenost svijetu (izrazito vidljivo unutar njegove teologije stvaranja), ali prije svega kroz dosljedan unutarnji razvoj svoje cjelokupne teološke misli koja svoje središte i temelj nalazi u trinitarnoj teologiji, što se prepoznaje i prati u ovome radu. Neke polazne elemente za teološko promišljanje prostora naći će Moltmann u starozavjetnom razumijevanju Boga (»šekinah«, »makom« i »zimzum«), što je predstavljeno u prvom dijelu ovoga rada, dok će temeljna uporišta za teološku interpretaciju kategorije prostora pronaći i razviti tek unutar trinitarnoga kršćanskoga nauka, što je izloženo u drugom, središnjem dijelu. Ovdje je pokazano kako Moltmann u otačkom nauku o perihorezi pronalazi glavno uporište za pozorno usredotočenje na kategoriju prostora kao teološku kategoriju, što je prepoznato kao temeljni zaokret unutar njegove teologije. Konačno, u trećem su dijelu iznesene dosljednosti koje iz Moltmannovih trinitarnih promišljanja prelaze u njegovu teologiju stvaranja, a kasnije i kršćansku eshatologiju, a u kojima izuzetnu važnost zauzima upravo promišljanje kategorije prostora. Ta se kategorija na neki način pokazala nosivom kategorijom njegove teologije, ali i crvenom niti koja u toj teologiji uvijek iznova izranja, iznutra je povezuje i u potpunosti prožima i određuje.
Because of its constituent function within the category of history, time has always been a very important and frequently discussed topic in the Judeo-Christian tradition, and later in Christian theology, while the category of space in that same theology has remained more at the periphery of interest. However, in contemporary Christian theology, there is an awakened interest in this category and an attempt to show it as an immanent theological category, as we recognize within it the existential religious question of human search for God’s presence and closeness. It is an approach where space is contemplated as a relative dimension in relation to God and man, and on the other hand as a possible characteristic of God’s very being. With this argumentation, the question of space has also found its place in the theological explorations of Jürgen Moltmann. He ponders how to contemplate space within the experience of God, that is, how to contemplate and understand God if we try to contemplate space in God and God in space. He explores this issue through his religious-theological openness to the world (clearly visible within his theology of creation), but above all through a consistent internal development of his entire theological thought which is centered and grounded in trinitarian theology, a fact that is recognized and shown in this paper. Moltmann would find some starting elements for his theological reflection on space in the Old Testament understanding of God (»šekinah«, »makom« and »zimzum«), as presented in the first part of this paper, while he would find and develop the fundamental grounds for a theological interpretation of the category of space only within the trinitarian Christian doctrine, as presented in the second central part. Here we show that the patristic doctrine of perichoresis has served as Moltmann’s main grounds to clearly focus on the category of space as a theological category, which is recognized as the fundamental turning point within his theology. Finally, the third part of the paper presents the consistencies which extend from Moltmann’s trinitarian reflections to his theology of creation, and later to Christian eschatology, where the reflection on the category of space holds a very important place. This category has somehow proved to be the fundamental category of his theology, but also the red thread that is always re-emerging, interconnecting and completely permeating and defining that theology.
U posljednje vrijeme u Hrvatskoj sve se vise istražuju tla urbanih, industrijskih i vojnih prostora. S obzirom da urbani stanovnici provode znatan dio vremena na tim tlima, njihove značajke postale ...su iznimno bitne pa ih je nužno poznavati i uvažavati, naročito s aspekta potencijalnog onečišćenja i mogućeg štetnog utjecaja na zdravlje ljudi i životinja. Pri tome se postavlja pitanje njihove klasifikacije, s obzirom da se do nedavno u postojećim klasifikacijskim sustavima Republike Hrvatske takvim tlima nije pridavala značajnija pozornost. Cilj ovog rada je predložiti način razvrstavanja tala u urbanim, industrijskim i vojnim prostorima, uvažavajući pri tome postojeću strukturu klasifikacije tala Hrvatske (Husnjak, 2014.). Za izradu ovoga rada korišteni su postojeći podaci istraživanja tala u urbanim, industrijskim i vojnim prostorima Republike Hrvatske, temeljem čaga su utvrđene značajke tih tala. Sva tla unutar navedenih prostora, predlaže se razvrstati u skupinu prirodnih, antropogenih ili tehnogenih i tehničkih antropogenih tala. Prirodna tla nastala su u skladu s pedogenetskim čimbenicima i procesima, dok su antropogena tla meliorirana prirodna tla isključivo u funkciji poljoprivredne proizvodnje. Ova tla bi trebalo razvrstavati prema spomenutoj klasifikaciji tala Hrvatske. Tehnogena i tehnička antropogena tla su novonastala tla isključivo zbog intenzivne tehnološke i tehničke djelatnosti čovjeka izvan poljoprivrede. Predlaže ih se razvrstati u red terestričkih tala, odnosno u razred tehnogenih ili u razred tehničkih tala. U razred tehnogenih tala, pripadaju uz tla deponija i tla flotacijskih materijala, jos dva nova tipa tla: tlo industrijskog kompleksa i tlo vojnog kompleksa. Spomenuta tla nerijetko cine tzv. ,,Brownfield" zemljišta. U razred tehnickih tala predlaze se uvrstiti pet novih tipova tala: tlo parka, tlo igrališta, tlo zona za rekreaciju, tlo stambenog okoliša i tlo prometnog okoliša. Za navedene tipove tala daju se detaljni i jasni kriteriji za njihovu podjelu na nize pedosistematske jedinice.
In recent years, soils of urban industrial and military areas have been increasingly researched in Croatia. Given that urban residents spend a considerable amount of time on these soils, soil characteristics have become extremely important. It is essential to know and appreciate those soils, especially in terms of potential contamination and possible harmful effects on human and animal health. This raises the question of those soils classification considering that, until recently, such soils have not received much attention in the existing Croatian soil classification systems. The aim of this paper is to propose a method of soil classification in urban, industrial and military areas, respecting the existing structure of soil classification of Croatia (Husnjak, 2014). For the preparation of this paper, the existing soil survey data form urban areas, industrial and military complexes were used, on the basis of which the properties of these soils were determined. All soils within urban, industrial and military areas are suggested to be classified as natural or anthropogenic or technological and technical anthropogenic soils. Natural soils were formed according to pedogenetic factors and processes, while anthropogenic soils are meliorated natural soils only for the purpose of agricultural production. This soils are proposed to be classified according to the existing Croatian soil classification. Technological and technical soils are newly formed soils solely due to the intensive human activity outside of agriculture. It is proposed to classify those soils in the order of terrestrial soils, and in the classes of technogenic or technical soils. Also, in the class of technogenic soils, it is proposed to include two new soil types in addition to landfill and flotation materials: the soil of industrial complexes and the soil of military complexes. The mentioned soils often form so-called Brownfield land. Lastly, five new soil types are proposed to be included in the class of technical soils: park soils, playground soils, soils of recreation zone, residential environment soils and traffic environment soils. For these soil types, detailed and clear criteria are proposed for the separation into lower pedosystematic units.
Rad se bavi mapiranjem i teorijskim konceptualiziranjem polemika vezanih uz „relacijsku formu”. Pri tome ne predstavlja pokušaj pacifikacije različitih pozicija niti zauzimanja „strane” u polemikama, ...već se temelji na studiji koncepata (concept-based metodology) koja služe kao pomagala boljem razumijevanju objekta istraživanja. Premda je forma suvremene umjetnosti, bilo da je čine procesi ili postupci, prema tradicionalnom shvaćanju „razbijena”, cilj rada je ispitati suprotno. U prvom dijelu analizirat će se pojam „relacijske forme” te diskursi vezani uz njezino artikuliranje. U drugom se dijelu istražuju tehnike i postupci odnosno strategije konceptualnih avangardi 1990-ih i 2000-ih. Zaključno se razmatraju napori, prijepori i mogućnosti umjetnosti u proširenom polju relacijskih praksi. Istraživanje će poslužiti za pobliže određenje ontološkog statusa suvremenih umjetničkih formi.
Becoming Places Dovey, Kim
2010, 20090709, 2009, 2009-07-09
eBook
About the practices and politics of place and identity formation – the slippery ways in which who we are becomes wrapped up with where we are – this book exposes the relations of place to power. It ...links everyday aspects of place experience to the social theories of Deleuze and Bourdieu in a very readable manner. This is a book that takes the social critique of built form another step through detailed fieldwork and analysis in particular case studies.
Through a broad range of case studies from nationalist monuments and new urbanist suburbs to urban laneways and avant garde interiors, questions are explored such as: What is neighborhood character? How do squatter settlements work and does it matter what they look like? Can architecture liberate? How do monuments and public spaces shape or stabilize national identity?
Kim Dovey is Professor of Architecture and Urban Design at the University of Melbourne. He has published and broadcast widely on issues of place and ideology including the book Fluid City (Routledge, 2005) and Framing Places (Routledge, second edition 2008).
Part 1: Ideas 1. Making Sense of Place 2. Place as Assemblage 3. Silent Complicities 4. Limits of Critical Architecture Part 2: Places 5. Slippery Characters: Defending and Creating Place Identities (with Ian Woodcock and Stephen Wood ) 6. Becoming Prosperous: Informal Urbanism in Yogyakarta (with Wiryono Rhajo ) 7. Urbanising Architecture: Koolhaas and Spatial Segmentarity 8. Open Court: Transparency and Legitimation in the Courthouse 9. Safety Becomes Danger: Drug-Use in Public Space (with John Fitzgerald ) 10. New Orders: Monas and Merdeka Square (with Eka Permanasari ) 11. Urban Slippage: Smooth and Striated Streetscapes in Bangkok (with Kasama Polakit )
This article presents the results of research, that were focused on determining the optimal parameters of the extension of (reactor life-time) reactor fuel cycle in order to reduce the total ...operating costs of nuclear power plants during the transition from 12-month reactor fuel cycle to 18-month fuel cycle.
The relevance of the research is related to the fact that, in recent years, there is a transition at all operating nuclear power plants VVER-1000 (1200) from 12-month reactor fuel cycle to extended 18-month fuel cycle. At the same time, represent the interests to solve the problem of conservation the extension of reactor life-time while reducing the number of loaded fuel assemblies with fresh fuel assemblies, which would reduce the total operating, and fuel costs. Search for solutions of this problem is associated with mandatory implementation of all requirements for the safe operation of the reactor and the reduction of the maximum fast neutron fluence on the reactor vessel in comparison with its value at the operating nuclear power plants.
In the present work, with using the program PROSTOR software complex researched the neutron-physical characteristics of the core at the nominal parameters of the VVER-1200 reactor through the implementation of various fuel cycle strategies. The article developed various schemes of fuel-reloading for an 18-month fuel cycle with a different number of fuel assemblies. The article carries out a comparative analysis of the main parameters in the core for fuel-reloading schemes options of an 18- and 12-month fuel cycle with each other. Determine the minimum amount of fuel assemblies and provide the necessary duration of the reactor life-time for 18-month fuel cycle with using the extension of reactor life-time by reducing the power at the end of the reactor cycle to 70% of the nominal power. In the article, the arrangements of fuel assemblies were developed to provide limitations of local power by volume of the core, which reduce the fluence of fast neutrons on the reactor vessel in comparison with the projected value of the fluence. This article shows that the 18-month fuel cycle for the VVER-1200 reactor is more economical than the 12-month fuel cycle. These studies were carried out for the VVER-1200 reactor at the power of 100% of the nominal.
Vlastní pokoj nebo nějaký jiný "vlastněný" prostor poskytuje dnešnímu jedinci určitou nezávislost, která je rozhodující pro vybudování si osobního světa nebo osobní autonomie. Možnost užívat tento ...prostor pro své vlastní potřeby je důležitější než jeho aktuální vlastnění. Nezávislost a autonomii, dvě dimenze procesu individualizace, lze od sebe oddělit. Navíc je možné pozorovat určité napětí mezi nimi. Předkládaná studie vykresluje toto napětí na příkladu jedenácti- až třináctiletých dětí. Zaměřuje se na to, jak děti získávají autonomii, stejně jako na výchovu, kterou realizují jejich rodiče.
Způsoby bydlení a praktiky jeho budování představují jednu z výrazných a zároveň každodenních cest vyjadřování statusové pozice. Článek se pokouší z perspektivy spotřebních praktik rekonstruovat ...vztah mezi bydlením a sociálním prostorem v české společnosti pozdního socialismu. Na základě analýzy rozsáhlých reprezentativních šetření z let 1977 a 1984 hledá odpovědi na tyto otázky: (1) nakolik byla struktura bydlení tehdejší doby strukturována dimenzemi sociálního prostoru, konkrétně politickým, kulturním a ekonomickým kapitálem; (2) nakolik tento sociální prostor strukturoval preference v bydlení; a (3) jakou roli a pozici mezi praktikami bydlení mělo chataření a chalupaření. Za klíčovou dimenzi můžeme na základě dat považovat kulturní kapitál, který výrazným způsobem souvisel s migrací do měst, jeho nositelé častěji bydleli v bytech vyšší kvality a bylo u nich rozšířenější chataření a chalupaření. Diskuze poukazuje na možnou aplikovatelnost konceptů habitu a kulturního kapitálu při studiu rozdílů mezi městem a venkovem, a dále upozorňuje na problematičnost analýz preferencí v bydlení, které nezohledňují existující strukturu bytů.
Muž davu Walter Benjamin
Sociální studia,
07/2016, Letnik:
3, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Tento původní překlad textu Waltera Benjamina patří mezi jeho rozptýlené, nedokončené črty zkoumající měnící se městskou společnost devatenáctého století, většina z nichž byla publikována pod názvem ...Pasáže. Benjamin čerpá z citací literární produkce konce 19. století a používá je k vypracování teoretického obrazu městského života v přicházejícím průmyslovém věku. Více než o detailní vykreslení města samotného se zajímá o změny, jímž jsou jeho obyvatelé vystaveni, když na ně doléhají tlaky prostředí. Benjamin zaznamenává proměňující se struktury vnímání moderního člověka a nachází jejich symbolické vyjádření v "muži davu".
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