Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent and disabling mood disorder, thought to be linked with brain white matter (WM) alterations. Prior diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies have reported ...inconsistent changes in fractional anisotropy (FA) across different brain regions in MDD patients. However, none of these studies utilized raw t-map data for WM meta-analysis in MDD. Our study aims to address this gap by conducting a whole-brain-based meta-analysis of FA in MDD using Seed-based d mapping via permutation of subject images (SDM-PSI), combining reported peak coordinates and raw statistical parametric maps.
Following PRISMA guidelines, we performed a systematic search and meta-analysis to compare FA in MDD patients with healthy controls (HC). Our goal was to identify WM abnormalities in MDD, using SDM, which could shed light on the disorder's pathogenesis.
The meta-analysis included 39 studies with 3696 participants (2094 with MDD, 1602HC). It revealed that MDD patients, in comparison to HC, have lower FA in the corpus callosum (CC) and anterior thalamic projections (ATP). Subgroup analyses indicated that the CC is a more stable pathogenic factor in MDD. Meta-regression analyses showed no linear correlation between the mean age, percentage of female patients, duration of depression, and FA abnormalities. This suggests that WM impairments in interhemispheric connections and anterior thalamocortical circuits are significant in the pathogenesis of MDD.
•A whole-brain meta-analysis was performed using SDM-PSI, combining peak coordinates and raw t-map.•Patients with MDD relative to healthy controls have lower FA in the CC and anterior ATP.•The VBA method may be more sensitive than the TBSS method for white matter meta-analysis of MDD.•Subgroup analyses indicated that the CC is a more stable pathogenic factor in MDD.
It has been claimed that the cyclic electron flow around PSI (CEF-PSI) plays an important role in protection of PSI against fluctuating light photoinhibition. However, the photoprotective mechanism ...of PSI is not fully elucidated. Here, we examined the mechanism, using two CEF-PSI mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana, and antimycin A, an inhibitor of the PGR5 (proton gradient regulation 5)-mediated CEF-PSI. Dark-adapted leaves in these plants were illuminated in fluctuating light alternating between high light at 1,200 µmol m
s
and low light at 30 µmol m
s
every 2 min, and PSI and PSII parameters were simultaneously measured for 160 min with 830 nm absorption and Chl fluorescence, respectively. When CEF-PSI, especially PGR5-mediated CEF-PSI, did not operate, the acceptor-side limitation of PSI, Y(NA), increased stepwise, leading to marked PSI photoinhibition. The deficiency of CFE-PSI decreased not only the electron transport rate through PSI but also the donor-side limitation of PSI, Y(ND), in high light phases. These results showed that the large Y(ND), observed only when CEF-PSI operated, contributed to suppression of PSI photoinhibition. Taken together with our previous report that high Y(NA) was alleviated by the enhancement of CEF-PSI, a model for the protective mechanisms of PSI is proposed. In this model, both alleviation of Y(NA) and acceleration of Y(ND) are indispensable, and for realization of such a situation, regulation of the electron flows, especially the PGR5-mediated CEF-PSI, plays a key role. It is important for effective protection to regulate the balance of Y(ND) and Y(NA) through CEF-PSI.
Using 5.9 pb(-1) of e(+)e(-) annihilation data collected at center-of-mass energies from 3.640 to 3.701 GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII Collider, we measure the observed cross sections of ...e(+)e(-) -> (KSX)-X-0 (where X = anything). From a fit to these observed cross sections with the sum of continuum and psi(3686) and J/psi Breit-Wigner functions and considering initial state radiation and the BEPCII beam energy spread, we obtain for the first time the product of psi(3686) leptonic width and inclusive decay Physics Letters 820 (2021) 136576 branching fraction Gamma B-ee(psi)(3686)(psi(3686) -> (KSX)-X-0) = (373.8 +/- 6.7 +/- 20.0) eV, and assuming Gamma(ee)(psi)((3686)) is (2.33 +/- 0.04) keV from PDG value, we measure B(psi(3686) ->(KSX)-X-0) = (16.04 +/- 0.29 +/- 0.90)%, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic.
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•Nanoparticles are uniformly embedded in PSi chips with 40–60 nm pore size, enhancing BRC serum signal.•The Ag2O-Ag core–shell structure effectively prevents silver from being ...oxidized by sulfur, giving the chip a shelf life of six months.•The PCA-t-SNE rapid screening model combined with the SERS microarray provides the basis for the development of a low-cost, rapid and sensitive technique for early screening of breast cancer.
Ag2O-Ag-PSi (porous silicon) surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) chip was successfully synthesized by electrochemical corrosion, in situ reduction and heat treatment technology. The influence of different heat treatment temperature on SERS performance of the chip is studied. The results show that the chip treated at 300 °C has the best SERS performance. The chip was composed of Ag2O-Ag nano core shell with a diameter of 40–60 nm and porous silicon substrate. Then, the optimized chip was used to perform SERS test on serum samples from 30 healthy volunteers and 30 early breast cancer patients, and the baseline was corrected by LabSpec6 software. Finally, the data were analyzed by principal component analysis combined with t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (PCA-t-SNE). The results showed that the accuracy of the improved substrate combined with multivariate statistical method was 98%. The shelf life of the chips exceeded six months due to the presence of the Ag2O shell. This study provides a basis for developing a low-cost rapid and sensitive early screening technology for breast cancer.
Due to expected benefits such as citizen participation and innovation, the release of Public Sector Information as open data is getting increased attention on various levels of government. However, ...currently data release by governments is still novel and there is little experience and knowledge thus far about its benefits, costs and barriers. This is compounded by a lack of understanding about how internal processes influence data release. Our aim in this paper is to get a better understanding of these processes and how they influence data release, i.e., to find determinants for the release of public sector information. For this purpose, we conducted workshops, interviews, questionnaires, desk research and practice based cases in the education program of our university, involving six local public sector organizations. We find that the way data is stored, the way data is obtained and the way data is used by a department are crucial indicators for open data release. We conclude with the lessons learned based on our research findings. These findings are: we should take a nuanced approach towards data release, avoid releasing data for its own sake, and take small incremental steps to explore data release.
•We examined six public sector organizations aiming to release open data.•Decentralized data storage acts as a barrier to data release.•External data sourcing acts as a barrier to data release.•Not using data in the core process of a public service acts as barrier to data release.
Photosynthetic hydrogen (photoH2) production is an elegant approach to storing solar energy. The most efficient strategy is to couple the hydrogen‐producing enzyme, the hydrogenase (H2ase), directly ...to photosystem I (PSI), which is a light‐driven nanomachine found in photosynthetic organisms. PSI–H2ase fusions have been tested in vivo and in vitro. Both approaches have each their specific advantages and drawbacks. Here, a system to combine both approaches by assembling PSI–H2ase fusions in vivo for in vitro photoH2 production is established. For this, cyanobacterial PSI–H2ase fusion mutants are generated and characterized concerning photoH2 production in vivo. The chimeric protein is purified and embedded in a redox polymer on an electrode where it successfully produces photoH2 in vitro. The combination of in vivo and in vitro processes comes along with reciprocal benefits. The in vivo assembly ensures that the chimeric protein is fully functional and suited for the fabrication of bioelectrodes in vitro. At the same time, the photoelectrochemical in vitro characterization now permits to analyze the assemblies in detail. This will open avenues to optimize in vivo and in vitro approaches for photoH2 production in a target‐oriented manner in the future.
Cyanobacterial mutants that express photosystem I and hydrogenase assembled in vivo are created. The chimeric fusion protein is purified and embedded in a redox polymer over an electrode, which is used for successful photoH2 production in vitro. Photoelectrochemical characterizations now permit a detailed analysis of the assemblies enabling optimization of in vivo and in vitro approaches for photoH2 production.
Introduction: Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is a health problem causing global morbidity and mortality in Indonesia, with 18.8 billion cases and more than six million deaths observed in 2016. ...Between 2013 and 2018, the diagnosis of ARI prevalence reportedly experienced a 10% decrease from 12.5-2.5%, within 10 provinces, including DKI Jakarta, Indonesia. Methods: This study aims to identify the spatial analysis of ARI events using an ecological method, based on the Air Pollution Standard Index (PSI) at DKI Jakarta between 2018 and 2019. Results and Discussion: Data analysis was performed by mapping case description through Quantum GIS, correlation assessment, as well as linear regression with SPSS scatter plot. Based on the bivariate analysis, the correlation assessment and linear regression of the ARI event with PM10 had positive regression in 2018 and 2019, at (R)0.649 and (R)0.0630, respectively. Conclusion: The highest PM10 values in Kelapa Gading and Cipayung districts increased the case of ARI fluctuations within two years. Therefore, the environmental health service office focused on the air quality evaluation and prevention control of ARI cases.
Detecting and monitoring surface deformation using radar satellite data is vital in geohazard assessment. Sentinel-1 has provided unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution, but data processing is ...complicated and poses computational challenges. Although software and tools exist, each with its own limitations. SNAP-ESA is notable for its user-friendly interface and stable performance in Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR). However, SNAP-ESA lacks a flexible approach for generating interferometric time series stacks for Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) and Small Baseline Subset (SBAS) techniques and faces computational challenges over large areas. Here, we present an automated Python workflow, SNAPWF, using SNAP-ESA to enable efficient PSI and SBAS interferometric time series stacks generation using flexible network graphs. SNAPWF has been implemented on a dedicated geospatial computing platform, enabling efficient performance over large areas. Results confirm its ability to generate PSI and SBAS interferometric stacks using full Sentinel-1 scenes and achieve results comparable to existing software.
•This study introduces a Python workflow on the Geospatial Computing Platform (GCP) for generating PSI and SBAS stacks.•Parallelization on GCP enhances workflow performance and reduces computing time for PSI and SBAS interferograms.•The workflow tests show promising results compared to other tools and services.
The research and improvement of methods to be used for deformation measurements from space is a challenge. From the previous 20 years, time series Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) interferometry ...techniques have proved for their ability to provide millimeter-scale deformation measurements over time. This paper aims to provide a review of such techniques developed in the last twenty years. We first recall the background of interferometric SAR (InSAR). We then provide an overview of the InSAR time series methods developed in the literature, describing their principles and advancements. Finally, we highlight challenges and future perspectives of the InSAR in the Big Data era.
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