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•α, β, α/β Bi2O3 heterojunction-catalysts were synthesized by hydrothermal method.•α/β Bi2O3 porous nano flake shows synergistic degradation of RhB under sunlight.•Various operational ...parameters for photocatalysis were investigated.•Plausible mechanism of degradation of RhB was drawn.•99.6% removal of RhB is achieved in 180 min using 0.5 g/L photocatalyst at pH 3.
Nano particles of a few α/β Bi2O3 hetero-junctions of various compositions synthesized by one- pot hydrothermal method, exhibit exceptional and synergistic photo-catalytic activity for the degradation of Rhodamine-B in aqueous solution under natural sunlight. Pure α and pure β Bi2O3 are also synthesized by control post heating of synthesized hetero-junction. The nano-materials were characterized by diffraction (XRD), microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. The XRD reveals α-β phase hetero-junctions of Bi2O3 are made of α-Bi2O3 and β-Bi2O3 with average dimensions within 13–113 and 5–71 nm respectively and having band gap range of 2.4– 2.9 eV. The spectrophotometrically determined % degradation of the dye and associated rate constant on the best hetero-junction are increased by 4.5(/2.1) and 3.3(/1.2) times than these on pure α (/β). The effects of operational parameters and trapping agents have been analyzed. The maximum removal of the dye was achieved up to 99.6% in 3 h using 0.5 g/L photo-catalyst at pH 3. The reusability test shows that the photo-catalytic activity is retained excellently due to change in chemical nature of the catalyst from α -Bi2O3 to β-Bi2O3, Bi2O2CO3 and BiOCl. A suitable mechanism is proposed.
Objective
ABO mismatch between donor and recipient occurs in 40% of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (HCT). Different strategies have been described to reduce isohemagglutinins ...(IHA) before HCT. We describe the effect of selective ABO immunoadsorption (ABO IA) on erythrocyte transfusion rate and the development of post‐transplant pure red cell aplasia (ptPRCA).
Methods
63 patients with major ABO incompatibility were retrospectively analyzed. Nine patients with major ABO incompatibility and high‐IHA titer were treated by ABO IA before HCT. We analyzed the need for transfusion and the occurrence of ptPRCA. We compared the outcome with patients treated by other methods to reduce IHA.
Results
In all nine patients treated by ABO IA, IHA decreased in a median four times. PtPRCA occurred in one patient. The median number of transfusions was 8 (range: 0‐36) between d0 and d100. In 25 patients with high‐IHA titer without treatment or treated by other methods to reduce IHA, the need for transfusions was comparable. No difference in the incidence of ptPRCA was observed.
Conclusions
Selective ABO IA is a feasible, safe, and effective method to reduce IHA before HCT in major ABO incompatibility. No effect on transfusion rate or ptPRCA compared to other strategies could be observed.
Objective
Pure tone audiometry (PTA) is the gold standard for hearing assessment. However, it requires access to specialized equipment. Smartphone audiometry applications (apps) have been developed ...to perform automated threshold audiometry and could allow patients to perform self‐administered screening or monitoring. This study aimed to assess the validity and feasibility of patients using apps to self‐assess hearing thresholds at home, with comparison to PTA.
Methods
A multi‐center, prospective randomized study was conducted amongst patients undergoing PTA in clinics. Participants were randomly allocated to one of four publicly‐available apps designed to measure pure tone thresholds. Participants used an app once in optimal sound‐treated conditions and a further three times at home. Ear‐specific frequency‐specific thresholds and pure tone average were compared using Pearson correlation coefficient. The percentage of app hearing tests with results within ±10 dB of PTA was calculated. Patient acceptability was assessed via an online survey.
Results
One hundred thirty‐nine participants submitted data. The results of two at‐home automated smartphone apps correlated strongly/very strongly with PTA average and their frequency‐specific median was within ±10 dB accuracy. Smartphone audiometry performed in sound‐treated and home conditions were very strongly correlated. The apps were rated as easy/very easy to use by 90% of participants and 90% would be happy/very happy to use an app to monitor their hearing.
Conclusion
Judicious use of self‐performed smartphone audiometry was both valid and feasible for two of four apps. It could provide frequency‐specific threshold estimates at home, potentially allowing assessments of patients remotely or monitoring of fluctuating hearing loss.
Level of Evidence
2 Laryngoscope, 134:2864–2870, 2024
This study explores whether patients can monitor their own hearing at home using applications (“apps”) on their own smartphones. Based on these results, two apps (one from each of iOS and Android operating systems) could be recommended and may be useful for monitoring trends in hearing thresholds at home.
Summary
Immunosuppressive therapy has been employed as the initial treatment for acquired chronic pure red cell aplasia (PRCA), such as idiopathic, thymoma‐associated, or large granular lymphocyte ...(LGL) leukaemia‐associated PRCA, which is thought to be immune‐mediated. To explore the overall long‐term outcome following immunosuppression and to identify the risk factors for death in these disorders, we conducted nationwide surveys in Japan 2004 and 2006, and identified a total of 185 patients with acquired chronic PRCA, including 72 idiopathic, 41 thymoma‐associated and 14 LGL leukaemia‐associated cases of PRCA for whom data was available. The
present study evaluated 127 patients with these three subsets of PRCA. The median overall survival has not yet been reached in idiopathic PRCA. The estimated median overall survival times in patients with thymoma‐associated and LGL leukaemia‐associated PRCA were 142·1 and 147·8 months, respectively. Twenty‐two deaths were reported, and the response to induction therapy and relapse of anaemia were found to be associated with death. The major causes of death were infection in seven patients and organ failure in another seven patients. The results suggest that maintenance therapy and the management of infectious complications are crucial for improving the prognosis of chronic PRCA.
We introduce the
n
-pure projective (resp., injective) dimension of complexes in
n
-pure derived categories, and give some criteria for computing these dimensions in terms of the
n
-pure projective ...(resp., injective) resolutions (resp., coresolutions) and
n
-pure derived functors. As a consequence, we get some equivalent characterizations for the finiteness of
n
-pure global dimension of rings. Finally, we study Verdier quotient of bounded
n
-pure derived category modulo the bounded homotopy category of
n
-pure projective modules, which is called an
n
-pure singularity category since it can reflect the finiteness of
n
-pure global dimension of rings.
Objective
Blunted tachycardia during hypotension is a characteristic feature of patients with autonomic failure, but the range has not been defined. This study reports the range of orthostatic heart ...rate (HR) changes in patients with autonomic failure caused by neurodegenerative synucleinopathies.
Methods
Patients evaluated at sites of the U.S. Autonomic Consortium (NCT01799915) underwent standardized autonomic function tests and full neurological evaluation.
Results
We identified 402 patients with orthostatic hypotension (OH) who had normal sinus rhythm. Of these, 378 had impaired sympathetic activation (ie, neurogenic OH) and based on their neurological examination were diagnosed with Parkinson disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, pure autonomic failure, or multiple system atrophy. The remaining 24 patients had preserved sympathetic activation and their OH was classified as nonneurogenic, due to volume depletion, anemia, or polypharmacy. Patients with neurogenic OH had twice the fall in systolic blood pressure (SBP; −44 ± 25 vs −21 ± 14 mmHg mean ± standard deviation, p < 0.0001) but only one‐third of the increase in HR of those with nonneurogenic OH (8 ± 8 vs 25 ± 11 beats per minute bpm, p < 0.0001). A ΔHR/ΔSBP ratio of 0.492 bpm/mmHg had excellent sensitivity (91.3%) and specificity (88.4%) to distinguish between patients with neurogenic from nonneurogenic OH (area under the curve = 0.96, p < 0.0001). Within patients with neurogenic OH, HR increased more in those with multiple system atrophy (p = 0.0003), but there was considerable overlap with patients with Lewy body disorders.
Interpretation
A blunted HR increase during hypotension suggests a neurogenic cause. A ΔHR/ΔSBP ratio < 0.5 bpm/mmHg is diagnostic of neurogenic OH. Ann Neurol 2018;83:522–531
On pure derived categories Zheng, Yuefei; Huang, Zhaoyong
Journal of algebra,
05/2016, Letnik:
454
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
We investigate the properties of pure derived categories of module categories, and show that pure derived categories share many nice properties of classical derived categories. In particular, we show ...that bounded pure derived categories can be realized as certain homotopy categories. We introduce the pure projective (resp. injective) dimension of complexes in pure derived categories, and give some criteria for computing these dimensions in terms of the properties of pure projective (resp. injective) resolutions and pure derived functors. As a consequence, we get some equivalent characterizations for the finiteness of the pure global dimension of rings. Finally, pure projective (resp. injective) resolutions of unbounded complexes are considered.
•Tax-based pure punishment has an evolutionary advantage over pure punishment in sustaining cooperation.•Tax-based pure reward has an evolutionary advantage over pure reward in sustaining ...cooperation.•Tax-based pure reward can lead to higher levels of cooperation when it is compared with tax-based pure punishment.
Costly punishment and reward have been regarded as potential means to handle the conundrum of cooperation. However, providing incentives is costly, thus the emergence of costly punishment and reward is a major puzzle in the evolution of cooperation. Recently, it is found that pure punishers, who do not help others but punish free-riders, have an evolutionary advantage. In this work, based on the pure punishment strategy, we further propose tax-based pure punishment and reward strategies in the public goods game respectively by considering that in realistic world the dedicated sanctioning or rewarding agencies can receive a certain amount of revenue tax to penalize evildoers or reward good men. By means of theoretical analysis and numerical calculations, we find that tax-based pure punishment (reward) has an evolutionary advantage over pure punishment (reward) in sustaining cooperation, and tax-based pure reward can lead to higher level of cooperation than tax-based pure punishment.
Quasi-pure E0-semigroups Floricel, Remus; Wood, Tyler
Journal of mathematical analysis and applications,
01/2019, Letnik:
469, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
We introduce a class of E0-semigroups that is broader and more flexible than the class of pure E0-semigroups, and characterize the states of the spectral C⁎-algebra C⁎(E) of a product system ...E={Et}t>0 that give rise to them.
The vast market demands for applications of organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) have quickened the pace of the search for future high‐performance materials, emphasizing the importance of exploring ...blue light‐emitting materials, which determine the performance bottleneck of OLEDs. Moreover, actualizing highly efficient, pure‐blue, stable, and purely organic electroluminescence will pave the way toward the realization of cost‐effective, high‐quality, and long‐lasting commercialized OLED displays and illumination applications. Without the aid of noble heavy metal atoms, the newly emerging thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) materials can effectively utilize triplet excitons owing to the small singlet–triplet splitting energy (ΔEST) for rapid reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) process, leading to the achievement of 100% internal quantum efficiency under electrical operation. Nevertheless, fundamental scientific challenges with respect to simultaneously achieving stable pure‐blue emission, large radiative recombination rates with short exciton lifetimes and small ΔEST continue to hinder the popularization of blue TADF materials. A review of the current state of blue TADF emitters is timely and underscores the key challenges that must be overcome toward the development of a stable, true‐blue TADF‐based electroluminescent application in the future.
The realization of future purely organic, highly efficient, pure‐blue, and stable thermally activated delayed fluorescent organic light‐emitting diodes is ongoing!
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