Most of food allergy (FA) cases during childhood start as infantile atopic dermatitis (AD) at the ages of a few months old. We tried to clarify the association between infantile AD and FA during ...infancy.
We analyzed relationship between AD and FA during infancy among patients with 208 cases, who had visited our outpatient clinic with chief complaint of "eczema" from 1998 to 2000.
Among 208 cases, 148 cases (71%) were diagnosed as infantile AD, moreover 109 cases (74%) were diagnosed as FA among infantile AD. The most frequent food antigens among infantile AD were egg (72.3%), cow's milk (39.9%), wheat (12.2%) and soybean (7.4%), respectively, in addition to these food antigens, food allergy was widely recognized against peanuts, sesame, meats, buckwheat, fishes and potato. In terms of food antigen, 44 cases with single food allergy against egg were seen out of 46 single allergy cases, whereas 36 cases with double food allergy against both egg and cow's milk were seen in 63 multiple food allergy cases. Although the value of antigen specific IgE against egg and cow's milk was recognized for the diagnosis of food allergy during infancy, even cases with negative IgE against those foods were proved to be food allergy by food elimination and provocation tests. In contrast to egg and cow's milk, positive IgE against rice, soybean, and wheat did not always correlate with the results of the diagnosis of food allergy. Concerning risk factors of AD, family history of any allergy diseases and passive smoking were recognized in comparison with infantile eczema. Neither the nutrition method nor incomplete elimination of diet during pregnancy and lactation had anything to do with the development of AD.
When infantile AD cases were not improved by environmental control, skin care and application of steroid ointment, it would be important for doctors to think of the possibility of FA.
Ciljevi ove studije bili su utvrditi veličinu, rast, ishranu te indeks punoće želuca trupca Auxis rochei u tjesnacu Makassar, zapadni Sulawesi. Istraživanje je trajalo šestmjeseci u razdoblju od ...ožujka do kolovoza 2017. godine. Prikupljanje uzoraka provedeno je tehnikom ručnog ribolova udicom a ukupno je ulovljeno 2160 riba. Njihova totalna dužina (TL) je varirala od 15,8 do 28,5 cm, a masa(W) od 52,3 do 366,5 g. TL ženki kretala se u rasponu od 15,8 do 27,5 cm, a W od 52,3 do 328,8 g. Dužinsko-maseni rast mužjaka i ženki trupaca bio je pozitivno alometričan(b>3); vrsta hrane koja se nalazila u probavnom sustavu sastojala se od rakova (12,50% do 25,64%), glavonožaca (7,32 do 34,80%) i neidentificiranih organizama (47,69 do 64,51%). Unatoč tome, dominantna ishrana prema vrstama nije utvrđena, a u crijevima uglavnom nijepronađena hrana. Indeks punoće želuca kretao se u rasponu od punog 1,13% do 7,18%, ¾ (12,11 do 15,74%), ½ (12,27 do 23,14%) i prazan (59,26 do 65,74%). Prema raspodjeli veličine, mužjaci trupca su bili veći od ženki s pozitivnim alometrijskim rastom, međutim bez utvrđenestatistički značajne razlike.
Incidencija gestacijskog dijabetesa je u stalnom porastu u proteklom desetljeću. Cilj ove retrospektivne studije bio je utvrditi komplikacije gestacijskog dijabetesa i ishode trudnoća nakon promjene ...kriterija za dijagnozu gestacijskog dijebetesa. Analizirana je incidencija dijabetesa u trudnoći, dob majki, način dovršenja porođaja i težina novorođenčadi. Ispitanice su bile podijeljene u tri skupine. U prvoj skupini su bile žene koje su rodile u 2005. godini, u drugoj skupini one koje su rodile 2011. godine, a u trećoj skupini one koje su rodile 2012. godine. Za dijagnozu gestacijskog dijabetesa 2005. godine korišteni su kriteriji Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije, a 2011. i 2012. godine kriteriji IADPSG (International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups). U ispitivanim skupinama nije nađena statistički značajna razlika s obzirom na dob rodilja. Nije bilo statistički značajne razlike u prosječnoj težini novorođenčadi (p=0,203) među ispitivanim skupinama. Također nije nađena
statistički značajna razlika niti u načinu dovršenja porođaja (p=0,883). U ispitivanom uzorku carskim rezom rodilo je oko 30% trudnica. Nije bilo statistički značajne razlike u pojavnosti fetalne hipertrofije (p=0,348), ali je 2005. godine rođeno više djece u skupinama s većom porođajnom masom. Godine 2005. incidencija gestacijskog dijabetesa bila je 2,2%, 2011. godine 6,6%, a 2012. godine 12%. Razlika u incidenciji gestacijskog dijabetesa posljedica je primjene različitih dijagnostičkih kriterija. Novi kriteriji su doprinijeli porastu incidencije gestacijskog dijabetesa, ali i boljoj regulaciji glikemije te posljedično boljoj regulaciji fetalnoga rasta.
Affinity purification of latex antigens Slater, J E; Trybul, D E
Journal of allergy and clinical immunology,
03/1994, Letnik:
93, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Latex extracts are complex mixtures of antigenic peptides. We attempted to raise monoclonal antibodies to latex and to use these antibodies to purify latex antigens. A monoclonal antibody, CRI-C, was ...raised by standard techniques. Peptides of nonammoniated latex (NAL) and ammoniated latex were electrophoretically separated and transferred for immunoblots. CRI-C was covalently attached to an agarose column. NAL was passed over the column, and purified antigen was then eluted. The eluate was analyzed by sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and RAST inhibition with sera from health care workers and children with spina bifida. CRI-C recognized a single band in ammoniated latex immunoblots and several distinct bands in NAL. The affinity-purified antigen of CRI-C (C-Ag) had multiple bands of less than 20 kd and was 3.9 times more potent in RAST inhibition than NAL when sera from patients with spina bifida were used. However, when health care workers' sera were used, there was no significant difference in the inhibitory potency of NAL and C-Ag. CRI-C appears to recognize a distinct and important epitope in the IgE immune response to latex of patients with spina bifida.
AIMS Clinical factors and data from recent cases of atopic dermatitis (AD) (with or without ocular complications) and non-AD cases were examined to evaluate the mechanism of atopic ocular ...complications. METHODS IgE-RAST for eight allergens including rice, egg, and mite and serum total IgE were measured in 216 patients with AD (70 ocular type, 146 non-ocular type) and 69 non-AD individuals. Tear histamine and leukotriene B4(LTB4) levels were also measured. RESULTS The serum levels of IgE were significantly increased in AD patients with ocular complications compared with those without ocular complications. The positive rates of IgE-RAST for rice and wheat were significantly higher in ocular type AD than in non-ocular type AD. In ocular type AD, serum IgE was significantly increased in patients with cataract compared with that in those without cataract. Tear histamine and LTB4 levels in AD patients with ocular complications showed significant elevations compared with those in patients with pure AD and controls. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that ocular type AD belongs to the most severe end of the spectrum of AD, and that some food antigens may contribute to the pathogenesis of severe AD resulting in ocular complications.
Glavni cilj ovog rada je analizirati učinak promjene stopa PDV-a za određene kategorije robe na fi skalnu stabilnost Kosova. PDV na Kosovu je u primjeni od 2001. godine i neizravni je porez na ...potrošnju koji donosi glavni prihod državnom proračunu. Važnost ovog istraživačkog rada usmjerena je na to jesu li promjene u stopama PDV-a u rujnu 2015. godine imale pozitivne ili negativne utjecaje na neke cijene proizvoda, povećavajući ili smanjujući prihode te kako je to utjecalo na kretanje ekonomskih pokazatelja iskazanih kroz BDP. Metodologija rada temelji se na usporednoj analizi podataka iz primarnih i sekundarnih izvora. Ekonometrijski model uključuje dvije varijable i njihove odnose, (nezavisna varijabla - PDV i zavisna varijabla – BDP). Kroz ekonometrijski model i linearnu regresijsku analizu za razdoblje 2013.-2016., hipoteze su testirane pomoću STATA kako bi se utvrdio utjecaj promjena stope PDV-a na proračun, gospodarski rast i ekonomski razvoj. Rezultati analize pokazuju da je smanjenje PDV-a sa 16% na 8% za osnovne proizvode i povećanje PDV-a sa 16% na 18% na luksuzne proizvode, imao pozitivan učinak na prihode i rast BDP-a Kosova.
Cilj istraživanja bio je procijeniti profil ekspresije receptora hormona rasta (GHR), receptora čimbenika rasta sličnog inzulinu (IGFR) i gena leptina zajedno s krvnim biokemijskim pokazateljima ...(glukoza, aspartat-aminotransferaza AST, alanin-aminotransferaza ALT) i endokrinim pokazateljima (hormon rasta i kortizol). U tu su svrhu 15., 30., 60., 90., 120. i 150. dan života uzeti su uzorci krvi od 25 muške i 25 ženske jaradi crne bengalske koze (Capra hircus). Muška je jarad imala veći prirast tjelesne mase u usporedbi sa ženskom. Razine glukoze i kortizola s porastom dobi znakovito su se smanjivale (P ≤ 0,01). AST, ALT i hormon rasta znakovito su porasli (P ≤ 0,01). Kod oba je spola razina glukoze u plazmi bila u negativnoj korelaciji (P ≤ 0,01) s AST-om. Kod muške su jaradi kortizol i hormon rasta bili u pozitivnoj korelaciji (P ≤ 0,05) s razinama glukoze u plazmi. Samo je u ženske jaradi hormon rasta pokazao pozitivnu korelaciju (P ≤ 0,05) s razinama glukoze. Ženska je jarad imala veću ekspresiju receptora hormona rasta, mRNA IGFR i mRNA leptina 30. dan (P ≤ 0,05) i 150. dan (P ≤ 0,01). GHR je bio u pozitivnoj korelaciji (P ≤ 0,05) samo s IGFR-om i leptinom u ženske jaradi. Na temelju rezultata ovoga istraživanja možemo zaključiti da niža stopa rasta u ženske jaradi dovela do veće ekspresije leptina, što je stimuliralo somatotropnu os za ekspresiju hormona rasta i IGFR-a u pretpubertetskom razdoblju.
The determination of IgE antibodies is important for the in vitro diagnosis of allergic diseases. However, not all systems currently available in the market fulfill essential quality criteria, e.g. ...regarding characteristics such as sensitivity and specificity, and the data do not always reflect true clinical relevance in the required fashion. Recent innovations may reduce the workload for the technician, and thus help save time and money. More importantly, they might reduce potential sources of error.
Two allergy systems, the well established Pharmacia CAP system that uses the allergens conventionally in a solid phase and the ALLERgen system that employs liquid allergens, were compared with regard to quality criteria and practicability.
Defined serum pools were checked for within-run and between-days imprecision of IgE antibody detection in two independent laboratories. Serum specimens from allergic patients and controls were tested in parallel using both methods for total and antigen-specific IgE antibody detection under standardized conditions. In addition, one laboratory working exclusively with the ALLERgen system participated in the Austrian inter-laboratory quality assessment program.
The two systems were comparable in terms of sensitivity and specificity, and also showed good correlation. Within-run evaluations were excellent for total IgE and antigen-specific IgE, and the between-days imprecision was satisfactory. Coefficients of variation were within an acceptable range for the different groups of allergens. In the external quality control program the data obtained with the ALLERgen system showed good concordance with other systems in use; up to 94% of the results were identical when considering clinically relevant sensitizations. Regarding practicability, both systems were most satisfactory for the operator. The ALLERgen system offered a certain advantage in terms of automated operation, which resulted in shorter fixed and variable phases of personnel time.
Both the Pharmacia CAP system and the ALLERgen system belong to an advanced generation of allergy test systems and are easy to handle. The reproducibility of results is good with both methods, and the imprecision data fall within an acceptable range. Thus, the ALLERgen system is a reliable in vitro system for evaluating specific and total IgE in serum, providing data equivalent to those obtained with the CAP system.
Background:
Positive skin prick test (SPT) and RAST reactions to egg that had never previously been ingested have been observed in infants with food allergy. The likelihood of having clinical ...hypersensitivity reactions when egg is first ingested and the predictive value of SPT and RAST remain to be elucidated.
Objective:
We investigated the relationship between egg-specific IgE antibodies and positive SPT reaction to egg, and the development of clinical hypersensitivity on the first exposure, in infants with food allergy.
Methods:
The patient group consisted of 21 infants with food allergy and positive SPT and/or RAST reaction to egg, which they had never previously ingested; the control group of 12 infants had food allergy and negative test results. All subjects underwent double-blind placebo-controlled food challenges with egg.
Results:
Thirteen of 21 patients (61%) and one of 12 control subjects (8%) had positive reactions to challenges (
p < 0.01). Thirteen positive reactions to challenges (93%) elicited immediate symptoms. Late-onset eczema occurred in two children. SPT results showed a high sensitivity (0.92) and negative predictive accuracy (0.92), whereas specificity (0.57) and positive predictive accuracy (0.61) were poor. RAST did not have any diagnostic advantage over SPT.
Conclusions:
In infants with food allergy SPT with egg may be helpful in predicting which patients will react to the first exposure. (J A
LLERGY C
LIN I
MMUNOL 1995;95:1215-20.)
Allergy to feathers Kilpiö, K.; Mäkinen‐Kiljunen, S.; Haahtela, T. ...
Allergy (Copenhagen),
February 1998, Letnik:
53, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Skin prick test reactivity to commercial and self‐made feather‐allergen extracts was examined in 269 consecutive adult patients with suspected allergic cutaneous or respiratory symptoms who had been ...referred to a university clinic. Some 177 subjects reacted to any inhalant allergen. Twentyfour (9% of the whole group and 14% of those positive to any inhalant allergen) reacted to commercial feather extracts from ALK (Hørsholm. Denmark), and 51 to any of the seven feather extracts used. Feather‐mix RAST (Pharmacia, Sweden) was positive in three cases only. Skin prick test or CAP‐RAST or both to house‐dust mite were positive in 16 of those 24 subjects positive to the commercial feather extracts, but in only 23 of the 150 other atopic subjects (P<0.001). A nasal challenge with a feather extract was made in 20 cases, always with negative result. In immunospot studies, concomitant allergy to feather‐allergen extracts and house‐dust mite could be demonstrated. Mite allergens in feather extracts were verified in RASTinhibition studies. A clinically significant feather allergy was found in one patient only. The results suggest that true feather allergy is very rare, and most of the positive reactions seen in skin prick tests to feather extracts are probably caused by mite allergens present in feathers.
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