The relevance of the research topic is due to the fact that in modern conditions in Russia the regions (constituent entities of the Russian Federation) have a different level of socio-economic ...development, different degrees of production development, GRP per capita, as well as different levels of unemployment, employment, population income. All this also forms a different degree of investment attractiveness of regions, a different degree of living standards in them, affects in different ways on migration flows and determines different prospects for their development. Ultimately, a significant differentiation of regions in terms of the degree of socio-economic development negatively affects the economic security of the state. In a federation, regional development should be less differentiated, should be levelled, including under the influence of the federal centre. The purpose of the article is to assess the differentiation of the development of Russian regions using the example of Moscow, the Moscow region, the Sverdlovsk region and the Perm Krai, as well as to determine the prospects for the alignment of regional development. The main research results: the author noted that in order to reduce the differentiation of Russian regions and the asymmetry of regional development, the author sees it through stimulating the investment activity of the regions through improving tax legislation, providing benefits to industrial enterprises. At the same time, it is necessary to develop infrastructure, primarily transport and logistics.
The proposed modelling of the construction sector and its impact on the economic system of Ukraine based on fuzzy logic methods allowed to optimize the value of industry components due to changes in ...gross regional product. High adaptability of the used models confirms probability to make a choice of the best strategy of development of the state taking into account the construction potential in particular regions in Ukraine. The scientific value of the research lies in the use of dynamic models of the system to study the relationships of the elements of the micro and mezolevel subsystems. The forecast models reflect the value of the state regulatory policy in developing strategic priorities for economic growth.
The article investigates the effects of the agglomeration of technological activities on the growth in regional productivity, applying the notion of pecuniary knowledge externalities. Pecuniary ...knowledge externalities enable one to appreciate both the gains and losses associated with the regional concentration of knowledge-generating activities. Both are two sides of the same coin. The gains are due to the reduction in the prices of knowledge as input into its dedicated markets, while the losses stem from the reduction in the prices of knowledge as an output. This analysis allows us to contextualize the effect of geographic proximity on knowledge externalities and their impact on regional growth. Our analysis leads to the hypothesis of an inverted U-shaped relationship between the agglomeration of innovation activities and productivity growth. The empirical analysis based on a large sample of European regions from 1996 to 2003 supports the hypothesis that agglomeration yields diminishing net positive effects beyond a maximum.
Land degradation in coastal area is one of the major critical problems affecting the future economic development of Sri Lanka. Eighty percent of land in Bentota river basin has been abandoned and ...25km distance along the Bentota river has already been affected by the seawater intrusion. Temporal and spatial variation of physicochemical parameters of selected dug wells, all surface water bodies and soil parameters were measured to detect the magnitude of the salinity due to seawater intrusion during August 2016 to March 2017 by using a systematic sampling method. Surface water, groundwater and soil salinity levels were comparatively very high in the river basin with respect to the WHO standards. With reference to the developed GIS salinity risk assessment weighted overlay model the highly saline, moderately saline, slightly saline and non-saline land extent with respect to the total land extent were 10.16%, 19.47%, 40.18% and 29.79% respectively. The highest economic loss was occurred due to the reduction of agricultural productions in the area (2279ha abandoned) and it was about 3,624,000 USD per year. Therefore, 52% from the total population was economically not active with the reduction of agricultural sector in the area. The total annual economic loss in the coastal community was 7,529,698.50 USD per year and it was directly happened due to the seawater intrusion.
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