The Lives of Others Farkas, Katalin
Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society,
06/2023, Letnik:
97, Številka:
1
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Abstract
On a Cartesian conception of the mind, I could be a solitary being and still have the same mental states as I currently have. This paper asks how the lives of other people fit into this ...conception. I investigate the second-person perspective—thinking of others as ‘you’ while engaging in reciprocal communicative interactions with them—and argue that it is neither epistemically nor metaphysically distinctive. I also argue that the Cartesian picture explains why other people are special: because they matter not just for the effect that they have on us.
Researchers thinking about visual evidence in the legal system address quite a variety of empirical questions but share an absorption in the ways in which the evidentiary problem is rooted in the ...blurring of genres. The blurring is plural: between illustration and proof, between interpretation and requiring an interpretation, between knowledge and perception, and between argument and evidence. Because genres are an intimate and essential part of the functioning of legal processes, such blurrings in turn problematize long-standing practices and the design of governance processes. Their findings are important theoretically, as well, in three ways. They show that the model of fact production processes must begin a step earlier than does the Lockean model of the fact upon which “western” and “modern” society and “science” have relied. The model must continue on beyond where Locke and those who think about the social construction of reality, such as Berger and Luckmann, stop. And “contextual” matters such as warranting, provenance, and authority must be incorporated into our model of the information production chain itself. In combination, what we are learning from research on visual evidence is thus not only invaluable for addressing the profound real-world problems identified by the authors assembled by Sandra Ristovska in this special issue of First Monday and others, but for our understanding of challenges being presented to the nature of governance itself both within and beyond the formal legal system.
This research deals with (sensory perception and reception of the Iraqi theatrical performance), considering perception is the process through which sensory information is recognized and interpreted, ...whether the stimuli are visual, auditory, or Tactile, olfactory, or gustatory, and given the importance of the topic, the researcher observed many philosophical opinions and theories. The religious and psychological aspects related to (sensory perception) were discussed to show the extent of the benefit of sensory perception of the Iraqi theatrical performance. The first chapter (the methodological framework) included the research problem, the limits of the research, and the most important terms used in the research. As for the second chapter (the theoretical framework), it included two sections, the first (the concept of sensory perception and its philosophy), and the second section on (the mechanism of perception), and the indicators for the theoretical framework. In the third chapter (research procedures), it was The researcher presented the play (Umm Al-Khosh) By its author and director (Mahmoud Abu Al-Abbas). The researcher chose the sample intentionally, adopting the descriptive analytical method. In the fourth chapter, the researcher also (discussed the results of the analysis) in accordance with the research objectives, as the researcher found that acting performance is supposed to be a means capable of awakening the imagination and feelings of the recipient, in order to feel Identify the characters and their situations so that he understands them in his mind, and the necessity of emphasizing the importance of vocal and performance technique. For the actor, with the aim of having a vocal and physical space that enables him to imitate an unlimited number of characters. Then the researcher confirmed the recommendations and proposals, and the researcher also arranged the sources and references in alphabetical order and without numbering.
Abstract
Introduction
The behavioural and cognitive consequences of severe sleep deprivation are well understood. Surprisingly, relatively little is known about the EEG correlates of mild and acute ...sleep restriction during tasks demanding sustained vigilance for prolonged periods of time during the day. Event-related potential (ERP) paradigms can reveal insight into the neural correlates of sensory processing and behavior that is impaired with reduced alertness as a consequence of sleep loss. Here, we investigated the impact of reduced vigilance following mild sleep restriction (vs. well-rested) to better understand the associated behavioural consequences and changes in information processing revealed by EEG.
Methods
Eighteen participants (age 20–26, median=21) were instructed to sleep from 1-6am in the “sleep restricted” (SR) condition, or from 12-9am in the “normal sleep” (NS) condition, verified via actigraphy. Following each night, participants completed 6 sessions of 100 trials of the Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT) with simultaneous EEG recording. All testing was completed between 1-3pm (during the circadian trough).
Results
More lapses occurred and responses slowed in the SR vs. NS condition (F(1,17)=8.89,p=0.008; F(1,17)=4.78,p=0.043). Lapses increased and responses slowed over the course of the 6 sessions (F(5,85)=10.05,p<0.001; F(5,85)=4.49,p=0.001). A similar pattern was observed for subjective sleepiness. We compared visually-evoked potentials (VEP) in SR vs. NS and found differences at 316–449 ms, maximal at parietal/occipital cortex. We also investigated electrophysiological signs of motor-related processing by comparing lateralized readiness potentials (LRP), and found reduced LRPs in the fastest responses in the SR vs. NS condition at 70-40ms before, and 115-158ms after a response was made.
Conclusion
As expected, vigilance was reduced (e.g., increased lapses, response slowing) following mild and acute SR. Late VEPs were reduced after SR, as was motor-related LRPs for the fastest reaction times. These results suggest that even a single night of mild sleep restriction can negatively impact vigilance, reflected by reduced sensory processing capacity, and dulls motor preparation and execution.
Support (If Any)
Research support from NSERC Engage and Engage Plus grants to SF and ACS-Corp.
A Rich Landscape of Affordances Rietveld, Erik; Kiverstein, Julian
Ecological psychology,
10/2014, Letnik:
26, Številka:
4
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How broad is the class of affordances we can perceive? Affordances (
Gibson, 1979/1986
) are possibilities for action provided to an animal by the environment-by the substances, surfaces, objects, ...and other living creatures that surround it. A widespread assumption has been that affordances primarily relate to motor action-to locomotion and manual behaviors such as reaching and grasping. We propose an account of affordances according to which the concept of affordances has a much broader application than has hitherto been supposed. We argue that the affordances an environment offers to an animal are dependent on the skills the animal possesses. By virtue of our many abilities, the landscape of affordances we inhabit as humans is very rich and resourceful.
Linguocultural Markers of Literary Texts by B.L. Vasiliev Kazyutina, Evgenia S.; Ozerova, Elena G.
Vestnik Rossijskogo universiteta družby narodov. Seriâ: Teoriâ âzyka, semiotika, semantika (Online),
03/2023, Letnik:
14, Številka:
1
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The effectiveness of speech communication depends on the immersion in the uniqueness and specificity of the national culture through the knowledge of reality. A literary text transmits background ...knowledge and experiences, which in the process of perception are not only interpreted by a reader, but also form the value universals. Dialogue as a form of intercultural communication is due to the impact on the addressee, that is, a pragmatic approach that contributes to: 1) tolerance of thinking, 2) the preservation of traditions and cultural experience, 3) acculturation as a process and result of speech and thought activity. The purpose of the study is to identify linguistic and cultural markers of literary texts by B.L. Vasiliev, which represent the national and cultural specifics of the verbalization of a literary word, since those are linguocultural factors that make it possible to reveal the mental nature of the text and interpret the ethnoculturally conditioned semantic content. The anthropocentric orientation of the communicative-cognitive methodology and the tasks set predetermined the nature of the research methods. The leading method of describing the ethno-cultural universals of a literary text is contextual-semantic, since the actualization of ethno-cultural influence is interpreted in context. The contextual-semantic method allows explore ethnocultural constants in the following areas: 1) identifying and comprehending ethnocultural markers of literary texts by B.L. Vasiliev; 2) perception and interpretation of ethno-cultural constants in the literary texts of B.L. Vasiliev. Note that the literary texts of B.L. Vasilyev allow to form the culture of a reader’s personality.
In this paper, I introduce and discuss technologically-mediated ASMR (Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response) in the form of role play videos. I suggest using haptic audio-visuality as a theoretical ...elaboration to describe a form of touching with the eyes and the ears through interpersonal triggers, direct address and directional touching. And I present ASMR role play videos as a category that can be viewed as both a shared pleasure and a personal experience. Despite its mediated — body-to-screen rather than body-to-body — and one-way format, research suggests that ASMR can be regarded as an intimate, present and interpersonal experience. ASMR has succeeded in integrating the viewer-listeners’ physical reality with virtuality and creating a perception of presence. What is missing, however, is a more in-depth exploration of how this perception of presence is created through the performative construction of a particular kind of attuned, imaginative and interactive viewer-listener within ASMR role play videos. This is what I intend to explore in this paper.
Emulsion-based matrices correspond to an interesting structure for designing healthy and plant-based foods since they can simulate the texture of traditional foods, protect lipids from oxidation, and ...carry bioactive compounds. However, oral processing could modify their structure, affecting their sensory performance. So, it is necessary to understand the changes that occur during food consumption and their relationship with sensory perception. For that purpose, this research aimed to study the effect of droplet size and thickener type of plant-based emulsions on their structural breakdown under oral conditions and their sensory perception. Four oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions with different droplet sizes (nanoemulsions and conventional emulsions) and thickener types (starch and xanthan gum) were prepared. In vitro oral structural breakdown of emulsions was characterized using a rheological approach (saliva + sharing). The samples were later subjected to a sensory evaluation of aroma, flavor, consistency, and creaminess intensity by multiple paired comparison test (n = 50). Results showed different oral breakdown patterns due to droplet size and thickener type. Xanthan gum matrices were less susceptible to structure breakdown than starch-based matrices, particularly those with microscale droplet size (emulsions), due mainly to salivary α-amylase activity. Regarding sensory perception, xanthan gum-based matrices were perceived to have a higher consistency (nanoemulsion) and creaminess (conventional emulsion) than starch-based ones. Meanwhile, starch-based samples showed higher flavor (nanoemulsion) and aroma intensities (conventional emulsion). Therefore, the sensory characteristics of plant-based emulsions can be modulated by thickener type and droplet size. For example, xanthan gum-based nanoemulsions can increase the perceived consistency, while starch-based emulsions can increase the perceived flavor intensity.
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•Droplet size and thickener type impact the oral breakdown of plant-based emulsions.•In vitro oral conditions have an effect more evident on starch-based emulsions than xanthan-gum ones.•Oral structure breakdown patterns of plant-based emulsions involve different sensory perceptions.•Starch-based nanoemulsions showed a higher perceived aroma and flavor intensity because of the faster structure breakdown.•The oil droplet size increased consistency (nanoemulsions) and creaminess (emulsion) of xanthan gum-based emulsions.
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