A Companion to Late Medieval and Early Modern Siena introduces the once-powerful commune to a wider audience. Edited by Santa Casciani and Heather Richardson Hayton, this collection explores how ...Siena built a distinctive civic identity and institutions that endured for centuries.
We investigated the active tectonics and earthquake potential of the eastern Siena Basin, a slowly deforming portion of southern Tuscany in the inner Northern Apennines. This region hosts several ...historical settlements and valuable cultural heritage, but also frequent background seismicity and rare damaging earthquakes in the Mw range 5.0–6.2. We describe in detail an active, capable, and seismogenic fault system that we identified in the eastern Siena Basin, a few kilometers south-east of the city of Siena, thanks to the presence of an active quarry (Cava Capanni) that exploits travertines of Middle Pleistocene-Holocene age. Travertines are unique rock masses that may preserve living evidence of active and seismogenic faulting, thus providing remarkable seismotectonic insight. The active fault system consists of at least two segments rupturing travertines younger than 45 ka, with a cumulative vertical displacement of 111 cm, and an estimated minimum slip rate of 0.02–0.03 mm/y. We maintain that this displacement is the result of at least three coseismic movements accompanied by clastic dykes injected within the fault damage zone due to liquefaction phenomena. The fault system is seen to extend east of the quarry, affecting Pliocene and Mesozoic deposits.
The Cava Capanni fault system is evidence of a poorly understood but potentially seismogenic tectonic mechanism of regional extent. Its orientation and kinematics are compatible with the activity of faults that are oriented obliquely or orthogonally to the main chain axis, in contrast with the setting of the axial and outer zone of the Northern Apennines, where extension and compression are accommodated by Apennines-parallel faults.
•We identified an active and capable fault in a travertine quarry in southern Tuscany.•Fluid-injected dykes show that the fault slips during surface faulting earthquakes.•Based on coseismic displacement, the fault may generate rare Mw 6.0–6.3 earthquakes.•The fault generated three surface faulting events in the past 45 ka.•Most active faults in the Siena basin are orthogonal to the main Apennines trend.
The role of proximity in innovation and inter-organisational networks has recently received increasing attention in management, organisational, economic geography and regional studies. Despite the ...rich literature devoted to these themes, most contributions on networks are mainly static, as they focus more on the network's structure than its dynamics. Our aim is to investigate the role of various forms of proximity in innovation network dynamics along the cluster evolution. The article focuses on two specific research questions: (i) How do the different forms of proximity influence the formation of innovation networks? and (ii) Does the impact of different forms of proximity change during the cluster's evolution?
The analysis investigates the cluster of High Technology applied to Cultural Goods in Tuscany and adopts an advanced econometric method such as the Stochastic Actor-Oriented Models to investigate the evolution of the networks over a time period of more than ten years.
Il Duomo di Siena Castiglia, Gabriele
2014, 20140527, 2014-05-27
eBook
This book is the result of the processing of the excavation data and of the pottery coming from the stratigraphy underneath the cathedral of Siena. The surveys were conducted between August 2000 and ...May 2003 by the Department of Archaeology and History of Arts of the University of Siena, with the scientific coordination of Prof. Riccardo Francovich and Prof. Marco Valenti and the collaboration of the Opera del Duomo di Siena. The ultimate goal is to trace a view of the settlement types and economic framework that has affected the hill of the Cathedral from the Classical age to the late Middle Ages, combining stratigraphic data and the study of materials. The limited planimetric extension of the excavations (often physiological to urban contexts) did not allow an investigation in open area, so the findings have often been compared with those coming from the deposits investigated in the immediate vicinity, both in front and below the Santa Maria della Scala, in order to obtain a more complete and articulated perspective on a diachronic context. The stratigraphy is developed over a time span ranging from the 7th century BC until the 20th century AD, unearthing a very structured sequence that represents a significant view in understanding the evolutionary dynamics of the urban fabric of Siena: in this regard, it is important to emphasize the fact that the chronological junction on which most attention is focused on is between the Augustian Age and the end of the 14th century, since the survey revealed that the archaeological deposit is better preserved in the time period between the two phases mentioned above and, as a result, the restitution of ceramics has been more complete. The settlement/economic dynamics developed over this extended period in different ways and this is what we are going to analyse: the goal is to develop a dialogue between stratigraphic deposit and material culture, with the aim of understanding the evolution of an urban reality, especially in those phases that led to the crisis of the “classical" city and its consequent transformation and reconfiguration between Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages.
Entrepreneurial passion is socially contagious. However, do entrepreneurs also select whom they interact with based on passion similarity? The complex interdependencies between social networks and ...entrepreneurial passion remain undertheorized and empirically puzzling. Using a stochastic actor-oriented model (SIENA) and four waves of panel data, we test hypotheses about the co-evolution of social networks and entrepreneurial passion during a 5-month startup accelerator program. We observe that social ties occur more frequently among peer entrepreneurs who are similar in levels of passion for founding. Initial homophily selection explains 34% of this observed similarity whereas social contagion explains 57%. Finally, we find that passion for founding is more contagious among members of startup teams than across other peer ties. Surprisingly, none of these effects are significant for passion for inventing. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of these findings.
•We disentangle homophily selection and social contagion of entrepreneurial passion within a startup accelerator cohort.•Entrepreneurs form ties with peers who share their passion for founding.•Passion for founding is contagious among network ties.•No selection or contagion effects found for passion for inventing.•Our study offers a comprehensive view of how entrepreneurial passion and social networks coevolve.
Professional interaction in the workplace is an indispensable part of professional development. We examined how teachers' teaching collaboration networks within a university department changed ...throughout an eight-month professional development project and how these networks influenced teachers’ observation choices in formative peer observations. Stochastic actor-oriented modeling (SAOM) shows that it was more likely that teachers started to collaborate when they were working on the same floor (propinquity), were more active in attending project meetings, and had more teaching experience. The multiple regression quadratic assignment procedure (MR-QAP) indicates that teachers were more likely to observe colleagues with whom they already collaborated.
•Collaboration networks became denser during the professional development project.•Collaboration patterns were positively related to propinquity.•Experienced teachers (more than 5 years) were more likely to collaborate.•Informal interaction outside work was positively related to a collaboration tendency.•Teachers were more likely to observe a colleague with whom they already collaborate.
In the sixteenth century the Academy of the Intronati produced romantic comedies in Siena, which were rooted in contemporary reality. These comedies quickly became famous throughout Italy and abroad. ...These festivals were officially offered to the noble ladies of the city because the academicians wanted to remain faithful to the courtly ideal evoked in Castiglione’s treatise. Sienese women’s taste for the theatre and their participation in private performances is well-known. Their fame in the intellectual field is attested by the dedications they received, the poems they composed, the writings that praised their qualities of mind and culture. The actor who says the prologue praises their beauty, while using an equivocal language that is full of innuendoes. Such performances also answer the diplomatic needs of the small republic, which was forced to honor the powerful ones who threatened its political destiny. In order to honor ladies, the plot highlights heroines who, despite tribulations inspired by Alexandrian novels, affirm their fidelity to the man they love, and the comedies end with love marriages, offering to female spectators a utopian vision of their condition. However, this moralistic scheme suggests a strong erotic tension in male/female relationships. The performance also relies on the traditional satire of women's shortcomings, which is a tried-and-tested comic device, as academic dignity must bend to the requirements of the stage and deal with the prejudices of everyday life. The female spectators are thus invited to laugh, if not at their own image, at least at the weaknesses of women.
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