Background: Stretch marks are harmless skin disorders but can cause cosmetic and psychological problems. The mechanism in the pathogenesis of stretch marks is still not well known yet. However, it is ...most related to changes in the extracellular matrix components, including fibrillin, elastin and collagen. Skin hydration can affect the primary mechanism of its pathogenesis. This study determined the relationship between skin hydration and stretch marks.Methods: This was a cross sectional study with a total sampling method, involving 84 female residents from the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara batch 2020. The diagnosis of stretch marks is made through history taking and physical examination. The skin hydration checking was conducted on the right and left femur by using Corneometer CM 825 device. The data collected were analyzed by using the Kruskal Wallis test. The Ethical Committee of Universitas Sumatera Utara has approved this study.Result: The majority of ages ranged from 26-35 years (86,1%). Subjects who had a pregnant history with stretch marks were 44,6%. The majority of stretch marks located in the subjects were femur 45,5%. Skin hydration 65,5% of subjects was classified as dry. Skin hydration in subjects with stretch marks was lower than those without stretch marks with a p-value <0,001. There is a relationship between skin hydration and stretch marks with a p-value <0,001.Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between skin hydration and stretch marks.
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•Gamma linoleic acid from oil directly increases skin hydration.•Development and characterization of patches with electrospun polyimide (PI).•Electrospun PI patches with blackcurrant ...seed oil increase skin hydration.•The numerical simulation of reciprocal patch and skin behavior was developed.•The computer model agrees with experimental results.
Atopic dermatitis is a common disease that affects around 20 % of children. One of the supportive therapies is long-term skin hydration which can be obtained by applying specially designed patches. Therefore, in this work, polyimide (PI) electrospun membranes as patches for atopic skin hydration were studied. PI fibers of diameter 500 ± 70 nm were assessed for biocompatibility using murine fibroblasts, NIH 3T3, and evaluated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and MTS assay. The biocompatible PI membranes were mechanically tested and showed very high stretchability, above 350 %. These features, combined with a high membrane porosity of 95.6 %, make them excellent materials for skin patches. By loading the membranes with 10 µl blackcurrant seed oil rich in 11–19 % of gamma linoleic acid (GLA), we obtained skin patches that allow long-term hydration. Patches were assessed in vivo with skin hydration tests over 6 h and compared to numerical simulation of GLA release to the skin. The results obtained indicate the great potential of the electrospun PI patches for atopic skin care applications.
•Maintaining adequate skin hydration may be crucial for diabetic wound healing.•This study investigated the skin hydration level cutoff value to predict healing of diabetic foot ulcers.•Skin ...hydration values ≤ 20 arbitrary units are associated with a significantly higher incidence of amputation.
Transcutaneous oxygen pressure (TcPO2) is a reliable predictor of wound healing in diabetes patients; however, measurements are cumbersome. Previously, we demonstrated that skin hydration in the feet of patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) is influenced by microcirculation rather than peripheral nerve function. Furthermore, skin hydration level before recanalization can predict wound healing better than TcPO2. This study investigated the skin hydration level cutoff value to predict DFU healing.
We retrospectively enrolled 834 patients with DFU. Wound healing outcomes were graded as healed without amputation or with minor/major amputation. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to evaluate the ability of skin hydration to predict wound healing outcomes and determine the optimal cutoff value for subsequent analyses.
Average skin hydration values in the healed without and with amputation groups were 25.0 ± 7.4 arbitrary units (a.u.) and 17.5 ± 5.7 a.u., respectively (P < 0.001). The healing rate without amputation increased with skin hydration. A skin hydration value ≥ 21 a.u. significantly lowered the incidence of amputation. The cutoff value was 21 a.u. (Youden's index, sensitivity, specificity, P-value) = (1.6, 92, 69.6, P < 0.001).
A minimal skin hydration value of 21 a.u. is required for diabetic wound healing.
Lipid nanoparticles (LN) were invented in the early 1990ties and can be exploited for oral and topical drug delivery to increase the bioavailability of lipophilic active compounds. The lipid matrix ...of the LN can be composed of solid lipids or of a mixture of liquid and solid lipids. The influence of the lipid matrix composition of LN on the dermal penetration efficacy is not known and was therefore investigated in this study. For this the whole spectrum of LN, that means NE (100% liquid lipid), SLN (100% solid lipid) and NLC that contained low, medium and high amounts of oil were produced and characterized in regard to size, zeta potential, crystallinity and in-vitro release. In addition, the dermal penetration efficacy was determined ex-vivo and the bio-physical skin parameters, i.e., spreadability on skin, skin hydration, skin friction and transepidermal water loss were also assessed. Results demonstrate the tremendous influence of the lipid matrix composition on the biopharmaceutical properties of the LN but showed only minor differences in the physico-chemical properties of the particles. The physico-chemical properties of the LN and the in-vitro release data were not clearly linked to the dermal penetration efficacy, because also other parameters, e.g., skin hydration, spreadability of the formulation on skin and/or film formation of the LN on skin were found to be important parameters that influence the dermal penetration efficacy. Therefore, to allow for the development of effective LN formulations with tailor-made biopharmaceutical properties, not only the physico-chemical properties and in-vitro drug release profiles but also the most relevant biopharmaceutical properties of the LN should be assessed during the formulation development of LN.
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Recently, interest in lactobacilli lysates is growing, and the possibilities of their use cover more and more areas of human life – medicine, immunoprophylaxis, cosmetology, food industry. The ...article presents a method of obtaining bacterial lysates of lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus genus. As a destructive agent used dry lytic enzyme preparation сytal-Rk G-10X, obtained under conditions of experimental fermentation from the culture fluid Streptomyces albus UN44. The complex lytic preparation сytal-Rk contains a group of enzymes glycosidases and peptidases, the joint action of which leads to the degradation of the cell wall of a wide range of bacteria. The evaluation of the effectiveness of the use of Cytal-Rk for the degradation of six strains of lactobacilli is presented. It is shown that the enzyme is an effective destructive agent under optimal conditions. The degree of cell degradation depended on their species, hydrolysis conditions and physical condition. Optimal conditions for obtaining hydrolysates based on native and lyophilized cells of L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus LB86 was develop. When loading the microbial mass in the reaction medium – 1×109 CFU/ml (for native cells) and 1×1010 CFU/ml (for lyophilized cells) cell destruction reached almost 80% and 90%, respectively. Based on native Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus LB86 lysates were obtained and their comparative chemical analysis was performed. Sublimated cells were shown to be more sensitive to the enzyme complex and to contain more proteins and reducing sugars. Native cell lysates were more enriched in nucleic acids. Lysate of lactic acid bacteria from native cells was studied to moisturize the skin of the hands of young people aged 18–20 years. When using lysate in the cream base, it significantly increased the level of hydration of the dermis of the hands compared to the control cream base. This allows us to consider the lysate of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus LB86 as a promising ingredient for creating cosmetics with moisturizing action.
Background
Previous studies have demonstrated the possibility of adverse effects of prolonged wearing of personal protective equipment in healthcare workers. However, there are a few studies about ...the effects on skin characteristics after wearing a mask for non‐healthcare workers. In this study, we evaluated the dermatologic effects of wearing a mask on the skin over time.
Materials and Method
Twenty‐one healthy men and women participated in the study. All participants wore masks for 6 hours consecutively. Three measurements were taken (a) before wearing the mask, (b) after wearing the mask for 1 hour, and (c) after wearing the mask for 6 hours. Skin temperature, skin redness, sebum secretion, skin hydration, trans‐epidermal water loss, and skin elasticity were measured.
Results
The skin temperature, redness, hydration, and sebum secretion were changed significantly after 1 and 6 hours of wearing a mask. Skin temperature, redness, and hydration showed significant differences between the mask‐wearing area and the non–mask‐wearing area.
Conclusion
Mask‐wearing conditions and time can change several skin characteristics. In particular, it is revealed that the perioral area could be most affected.
The complex structure of human skin and its physicochemical properties turn it into an efficient outermost defence line against exogenous factors, and help maintain homeostasis of the human body. ...This role is played by the epidermal barrier with its major part - stratum corneum. The condition of the epidermal barrier depends on individual and environmental factors. The most important biophysical parameters characterizing the status of this barrier are the skin pH, epidermal hydration, transepidermal water loss and sebum excretion. The knowledge of biophysical skin processes may be useful for the implementation of prophylactic actions whose aim is to restore the barrier function.
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