This first overview of large-scale rock slope failure (RSF) in the yrenees addresses the eastern third of the range. Around 30 principal RSFs greater than 0.25 km
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and 20 lesser or uncertain cases ...have been identified from remote imagery and groundtruthing. Compared with other European mountain ranges, RSF incidence is relatively sparse, displays no obvious regional trend or spatial clustering, and occurs across diverse landscape types, if mainly on metamorphic rocks. A transition is observed from paraglacial RSFs in formerly glaciated valleys to what are here termed 'parafluvial' RSFs, within wholly or mainly fluvial valleys but where slope failure is not directly provoked by or linked to river erosion. RSFs are particularly found in three topographic settings: at cirque and trough-head thresholds (transition zones of elevated instability between cirque and main glaciated trough walls); near the upper or outer periphery of the ice field, where glacial adaptation of fluvial valleys is incomplete; and in fluvial valleys beyond glacial limits where incision is locally intense. RSF is absent from the range divide, from within cirques, and from most main valleys. In the montane areas, RSF is strongly associated with vestiges of preglacial summit surfaces, confirming that plateau ridges are less stable than sharpened crests and horns. RSF is contributing significantly to the progressive destruction of this paleic relief. The overall sparsity of RSF indicates insufficient rock mass stresses, including rebound after concentrated bedrock erosion. This may reflect a relatively weak imprint of glacial erosion, including breaching, in a context of relatively low mean rates of neotectonic uplift, possibly signalling overall that eastern yrenees landscapes are close to dynamic equilibrium.
Although the impervious layer under a hydraulic structure is rarely flat, the effect of the impervious layer’s slope, under the hydraulic structure, on seepage characteristics has not been studied to ...date. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of the downhill and uphill impervious layer’s slope (downhill/uphill foundation slopes) on the uplift pressure, seepage discharge and exit gradient under hydraulic structures. In order to reach this goal, a numerical model has been developed in which the general equation of fluid flow in non-uniform; anisotropic soil is solved by the finite volume method on a structured grid. The model validation was performed using the measured data from experimental tests. The results of the model validation indicated that the model calculates the seepage discharge and uplift pressure with a maximum error of less than 3.79% and 3.25%, respectively. The results also indicated that by increasing the downhill foundation slope (DFS) the uplift force decreases, but the exit gradient and seepage discharge increase. Moreover, by increasing the uphill foundation slope (UFS), the uplift force increases but the exit gradient and seepage discharge decrease. In addition, the results demonstrate that by increasing the length of the cut-off wall the effect of the DFS on decreasing and UFS on increasing the uplift pressure force becomes more severe. However, the effect of the DFS on increasing the seepage discharge and UFS on decreasing the seepage discharge becomes milder as the length of the cut-off wall increases. By increasing the DFS, from zero to -15%, the exit gradient increases 19.75% and 14.4% for 1 m and 6 m cut-off lengths, respectively.
Freshly updated and extended version of Slope Analysis (Chowdhury, Elsevier, 1978). This reference book gives a complete overview of the developments in slope engineering in the last 30 years. Its ...multi-disciplinary, critical approach and the chapters devoted to seismic effects and probabilistic approaches and reliability analyses, reflect the distinctive style of the original. Subjects discussed are: the understanding of slope performance, mechanisms of instability, requirements for modeling and analysis, and new techniques for observation and modeling. Special attention is paid to the relation with the increasing frequency and consequences of natural and man-made hazards. Strategies and methods for assessing landslide susceptibility, hazard and risk are also explored. Moreover, the relevance of geotechnical analysis of slopes in the context of climate change scenarios is discussed. All theory is supported by numerous examples.
"...A wonderful book on Slope Stability...recommended as a refernence book to those who are associated with the geotechnical engineering profession (undergraduates, post graduates and consulting engineers)..." Prof. Devendra Narain Singh, Indian Inst. of Technology, Mumbai, India"I have yet to see a book that excels the range and depth of Geotechnical Slope Analysis... I have failed to find a topic which is not covered and that makes the book almost a single window outlet for the whole range of readership from students to experts and from theoreticians to practicing engineers..." Prof. R.K. Bhandari, New Delhi, India
This book describes the geotechnical aspects for correcting the geometry of Mexico City's Metropolitan Cathedral and of the adjoining Sagrario Church. It describes the main aspects of geotechnical ...conditions in the city and of the most important hazards affecting these monuments. It discusses the analyses performed and the actions taken to achieve the corrections required. The book aims to provide non-specialists with a clear picture of the magnitude and importance of the project and of the achievements it fulfilled. It is expected that the book will also appeal to specialized geotechnical engineers that will be provided with references to follow up the project in depth. The book will contain a large number of illustrations and will be written so as to provide "down to earth" explanations of the basic theories applied and of the actual construction procedures. The work will appeal to both students and professionals in the fields of Architecture and Civil Engineering. It will also interest specialized audiences of geotechnical engineers and conservation architects and it may also be of value to art historians.
Assesses the type, extent, distribution and sediment generation rates by slope failures associated with steep-land forests and harvest practice following the severe storm which hit the area in Mar ...1995. Evaluates the distribution of slope failures, mass and rate of sediment generation for indigenous and exotic forest, over a range of slopes and for specific areas of land. Source: National Library of New Zealand Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa, licensed by the Department of Internal Affairs for re-use under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 New Zealand Licence.
Embankment construction projects on very soft soil often give rise to serious problems. This volume on geotechnics and soft soil engineering therefore treats all phases of the design and construction ...process exhaustively, from the first investigation step to the monitoring of constructed work. The book presents the development concepts necessary for the project stages and discusses in great detail construction methods, displacement estimations, stability analyses, monitoring, and various other aspects involved. Extensive attention is furthermore paid to the application of geosynthetics as a tool to improve the stability of soft soils and embankments. Including various tables and practical data for many geographical areas in the world, this reference volume is essential reading for engineers and researchers in geotechnical engineering, construction, and related disciplines.
The work upon which this publication is based was supported by funds provided by the United States Department of the Interior, Office of Water Research and Technology, as authorized under the Water ...Resources Research Act of 1964 and by the United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station.
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