After the end of the First World War, the graves of soldiers of the three armies that fought against each other--Serbian, Montenegrin and Austria-Hungarian, became war memorials of the newly formed ...Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (Yugoslavia). The care of the state for these war graves was in constant conflict of desires and needs on the one hand, and financial possibilities on the other. Hence, there was an unequal posture towards the graves. Nevertheless, the state put in order a significant number of cemeteries and erected memorial ossuaries. In some of these ossuaries, the bodies of Serbian and Austro-Hungarian soldiers were laid together. After the Second World War, graves, cemeteries and ossuaries from the First World War fell into a state of neglect. With the disintegration of Yugoslavia, a new phase of their existence begins. These soldiers are separated again, and the new, post-Yugoslav, states are now taking care of them. Keywords: military graves, First World War, Serbia, Yugoslavia, Austria-Hungary Nakon završetka Prvoga svjetskog rata grobovi vojnika triju vojski koji su se u Prvom svjetskom ratu borili jedni protiv drugih--srpske, crnogorske i austrougarske--postaju ratni memorijali novonastale Kraljevine Srba, Hrvata i Slovenaca (Jugoslavije). Briga države o tim vojnickim grobovima u stalnom je sukobu želja i potreba s jedne strane te financijskih mogucnosti s druge. Stoga je postojao i nejednak odnos prema tim grobovima. Ipak, država ureduje znatan broj groblja i podiže spomen-kosturnice. U dijelu tih spomen-kosturnica zajednicki su položena tijela srpskih i austrougarskih vojnika. Nakon Drugoga svjetskog rata, grobovi, groblja i kosturnice iz Prvoga svjetskog rata padaju u drugi plan. S raspadom Jugoslavije dolazi i nova faza njihova života--kada se ovi vojnici ponovo odvajaju, a o njima brigu vode nove države nastale raspadom bivše Jugoslavije. Kljucne rijeci: vojnicki grobovi, Prvi svjetski rat, Srbija, Jugoslavija, Austro-Ugarska
One of the most decorated groups that served in the Vietnam War, Chicanos fought and died in numbers well out of proportion to their percentage of the United States’ population. Yet despite this, ...their wartime experiences have never received much attention in either popular media or scholarly studies. To spotlight and preserve some of their stories, this book presents substantial interviews with Chicano Vietnam veterans and their families that explore the men’s experiences in combat, the war’s effects on the Chicano community, and the veterans’ postwar lives. Lea Ybarra groups the interviews topically to bring out different aspects of the Chicano vets’ experiences. In addition to discussing their involvement in and views on the Vietnam War, the veterans also reflect on their place in American society, American foreign policy, and the value of war. Veterans from several states and different socioeconomic classes give the book a broad-based perspective, which Ybarra frames with sociological material on the war and its impact on Chicanos.
This eye-opening anthology documents, for the first time, the effects of World War II on Latina/o personal and political beliefs across a broad spectrum of ethnicities and races within the Latina/o ...identity.
Front Lines Miguel Martinez, Miguel Martínez
08/2016
eBook
InFront Lines, Miguel Martínez documents the literary practices of imperial Spain's common soldiers. Against all odds, these Spanish soldiers produced, distributed, and consumed a remarkably ...innovative set of works on war that have been almost completely neglected in literary and historical scholarship. The soldiers of Italian garrisons and North Africanpresidios, on colonial American frontiers and in the traveling military camps of northern Europe read and wrote epic poems, chronicles, ballads, pamphlets, and autobiographies-the stories of the very same wars in which they participated as rank-and-file fighters and witnesses. The vast network of agents and spaces articulated around the military institutions of an ever-expanding and struggling Spanish empire facilitated the global circulation of these textual materials, creating a soldierly republic of letters that bridged the Old and the many New Worlds of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
Martínez asserts that these writing soldiers played a key role in the shaping of Renaissance literary culture, which for its part gave to them the language and forms with which to question received notions of the social logic of warfare, the ethics of violence, and the legitimacy of imperial aggression. Soldierly writing often voiced criticism of established hierarchies and exploitative working conditions, forging solidarities among the troops that often led to mutiny and massive desertion. It is the perspective of these soldiers that groundsFront Lines, a cultural history of Spain's imperial wars as told by the common men who fought them.
African Americans' long campaign for "the right to fight" forced Harry Truman to issue his 1948 executive order calling for equality of treatment and opportunity in the armed forces. InWar! What Is ...It Good For?, Kimberley Phillips examines how blacks' participation in the nation's wars after Truman's order and their protracted struggles for equal citizenship galvanized a vibrant antiwar activism that reshaped their struggles for freedom.Using an array of sources--from newspapers and government documents to literature, music, and film--and tracing the period from World War II to the Iraq and Afghanistan wars, Phillips considers how federal policies that desegregated the military also maintained racial, gender, and economic inequalities. Since 1945, the nation's need for military labor, blacks' unequal access to employment, and discriminatory draft policies have forced black men into the military at disproportionate rates. While mainstream civil rights leaders considered the integration of the military to be a civil rights success, many black soldiers, veterans, and antiwar activists perceived war as inimical to their struggles for economic and racial justice and sought to reshape the civil rights movement into an antiwar black freedom movement. Since the Vietnam War, Phillips argues, many African Americans have questioned linking militarism and war to their concepts of citizenship, equality, and freedom.
In the first comprehensive study of the experience of Virginia soldiers and their families in the Civil War, Aaron Sheehan-Dean captures the inner world of the rank-and-file. Utilizing new ...statistical evidence and first-person narratives, Sheehan-Dean explores how Virginia soldiers--even those who were nonslaveholders--adapted their vision of the war's purpose to remain committed Confederates.Sheehan-Dean challenges earlier arguments that middle- and lower-class southerners gradually withdrew their support for the Confederacy because their class interests were not being met. Instead he argues that Virginia soldiers continued to be motivated by the profound emotional connection between military service and the protection of home and family, even as the war dragged on. The experience of fighting, explains Sheehan-Dean, redefined southern manhood and family relations, established the basis for postwar race and class relations, and transformed the shape of Virginia itself. He concludes that Virginians' experience of the Civil War offers important lessons about the reasons we fight wars and the ways that those reasons can change over time.
