Fe3O4@SiO2@D‐NHCS‐Tr was used as an efficient catalyst in the three‐component reaction between indole derivatives, salicylaldehyde, and active methylene compounds under solvent‐free conditions to the ...synthesis of indol‐3‐yl‐4H‐chromene derivatives. The features of this method include the green conditions of the reaction, easy separation, eco‐friendly and cost‐effectiveness of the catalyst, and high yield in short reaction times.
The search for new analytical methods is a latent reality in the so-called green analytical chemistry area, which aims at correlating analytical demands to environmental issues. Among the approaches ...used, it is possible to highlight green solvents as substitutes to the dangerous and conventional organic solvents as the most prominent alternative for this purpose. In the last few years, the amount of research focused on the usage of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) has been growing as an alternative to these issues. Thus, this work aimed to investigate the main physical–chemical and ecotoxical properties of seven different DESs. The results showed that DESs’ evaluated properties are influenced by the chemical structure of their precursors, which may regulate DESs’ viscosity, superficial tension, and antagonistic action against vegetable tissues and microbial cells. The constatations pointed here introduce a new perspective about the conscious usage of DESs on a green analytical point of view.
This work designed and synthesized novelly selective, highly efficient and friendly environmental biochar nanomaterial (ZMBC@ChCl-EG) by screening suitable deep eutectic solvent (DES) as the ...functional monomer via Density Functional Theory (DFT). The prepared ZMBC@ChCl-EG achieved the highly efficient adsorption of methcathinone (MC) and exhibited excellent selectivity as well as good reusability. Selectivity analysis concluded that the distribution coefficient value (KD) of ZMBC@ChCl-EG towards MC was 3.247 L/g, which was about 3 times higher than that of ZMBC, corresponding to stronger selective adsorption capacity. The studies of isothermal and kinetics indicated that ZMBC@ChCl-EG had an excellent adsorption capacity towards MC and the adsorption was mainly chemically controlled. In addition, DFT was used to calculate the binding energies between MC and each component. The binding energies were −10.57 kcal/mol for ChCl-EG/MC, −3.15∼-9.51 kcal/mol for BCs/MC, −2.33 kcal/mol for ZIF-8/MC, respectively, suggesting that DES played a major role in enhancing methcathinone adsorption. Lastly, the adsorption mechanisms were revealed by variables experiment combined with characterizations and DFT calculation. The main mechanisms were hydrogen bonding and π-π interaction.
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•DFT calculation was exploited to design an adsorbent in this work.•Novelly selective, highly efficient and friendly environmental ZMBC@ChCl-EG by screening suitable DES was fabricated.•The adsorption mechanisms were explored by combining variables experiment with characterization as well as DFT calculation.•ZMBC@ChCl-EG achieved high efficiency and excellent selective adsorption for methcathinone.•The outstanding performance of ZMBC@ChCl-EG was due to hydrogen bonding and π-π interaction.
To achieve a sustainable and circular economy, developing effective plastic recycling methods is essential. Despite advances in the chemical recycling of plastic waste, modern industries require ...highly efficient and sustainable solutions to address environmental problems. In this study, we propose an efficient glycolysis strategy for post-consumer polyethylene terephthalate (PET) using deep eutectic solvents (DESs) to produce bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET) with high selectivity. Choline chloride (ChCl)- and urea-based DESs were synthesized using various metal salts and were tested for the glycolysis of PET waste; ChCl-Zn(OAc)
exhibited the best performance. The DES-containing solvent system afforded a complete PET conversion, producing BHET at a high yield (91.6%) under optimal reaction conditions. The degradation mechanism of PET and its interaction with DESs were systematically investigated using density functional theory-based calculations. Furthermore, an intuitive machine learning model was developed to predict the PET conversion and BHET selectivity for different DES compositions. Our findings demonstrate that the DES-catalyzed glycolysis of post-consumer PET could enable the development of a sustainable chemical recycling process, providing insights to identify the new design of DESs for plastic decomposition.
Aqueous Zn‐ion batteries have been considered as promising alternatives to Li‐ion batteries due to their abundant reserves, low price, and high safety. However, Zn anode shows poor reversibility and ...cycling stability in most conventional aqueous electrolytes. Here, a new type of aqueous Zn‐ion electrolyte based on ZnCl2–acetamide deep eutectic solvent with both environmental and economic friendliness has been prepared. The water molecule introduced in the “water‐in‐deep eutectic solvent” electrolyte could reduce the Zn2+ desolvation energy barrier by regulating Zn2+ solvation structure to promote uniform Zn nucleation. Zn anode shows improved electrochemical performance (≈98% Coulombic efficiency over 1000 cycles) in the electrolyte whose molar ratio of ZnCl2:acetamide:H2O is 1:3:1. The assembled full battery composed of phenazine cathode and Zn anode could stably cycle over 10 000 cycles with a high capacity retention of 85.7%. Overall, this work offers new insights into exploring new green electrolyte systems for Zn‐ion batteries.
The “water‐in‐deep eutectic solvent” electrolyte based on ZnCl2, acetamide, and water with both environmental and economic friendliness can induce uniform Zn nucleation by modulating Zn2+ solvation structure to achieve the fast reaction kinetics on the interface between the electrolyte and Zn metal, accounting for the improved reversibility and cycling stability of the Zn anode.
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•Three kinds of DESs used in the pretreatment of corncob.•Improved delignification and enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency.•Removal of lignin and hemicellulose.•Optimization of ...pretreatment temperature and time.
In this work, three kinds of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were facilely prepared and used in the pretreatment of corncob, including monocarboxylic acid/choline chloride, dicarboxylic acid/choline chloride and polyalcohol/choline chloride. The enhanced delignification and subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency were found to be related to the acid amount, acid strength and the nature of hydrogen bond acceptors. The XRD, SEM and FT-IR results consistently indicated that the structures of corncob were disrupted by the removal of lignin and hemicellulose in the pretreatment process. In addition, the optimal pretreatment temperature and time were 90°C and 24h, respectively. This study explored the roles of various DESs combinations, pretreatment temperature and time to better utilize the DESs in the pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass.
Summary
Ghee residue (clarified butter sediment waste) is a fat‐rich by‐product (containing 50–70% fat, weight basis) obtained during ghee (clarified butter fat) preparation. Conventionally used fat ...extraction methods from ghee residue (GR) are energy intensive and generates huge amount of waste water. In the present study, solvent extraction was explored for milk fat separation from GR at different extraction temperatures using green solvents, viz., ethyl acetate (EA) and di‐methyl carbonate (DMC). Changes in differential scanning calorimetry profile, fatty acid profile, dynamic rheology, FTIR spectroscopy and colour values of the solvent extracted fat were studied. Increasing the solvent extraction temperature increased the fat extraction efficacy from 45.62% to 49.22% for DMC and from 48.70% to 52.16% for EA. Considering the fat extraction efficacy, fat extraction from GR was found suitable using EA at 65°C extraction temperature. Fat extraction from GR using the selected green solvent, that is EA needed only 57% (18 000 J g−1 of GR) of energy as compared to conventional method (31 500 J g−1 of GR) with no wastewater generation.
Solvent extraction using green solvents were explored for fat extraction from GR. EA and DMC were used for fat extraction from GR at different extraction temperature. Increasing extraction temperature increased the fat extraction efficacy. Solvent extraction was economical than conventional method of fat extraction from GR.
Limonene: a versatile chemical of the bioeconomy Ciriminna, Rosaria; Lomeli-Rodriguez, Monica; Demma Carà, Piera ...
Chemical communications (Cambridge, England),
01/2014, Letnik:
50, Številka:
97
Journal Article
Recenzirano
(+)-Limonene is a renewable chemical with numerous and growing applications. Its traditional uses such as flavor, fragrance and green solvent are rapidly expanding to include its utilization as a ...platform chemical, extraction solvent for natural products and an active agent for functionalized products. We anticipate that the expansion in uses for limonene will translate into increasing production and use of this relevant natural product, especially for advanced applications.
High‐performance organic solar cells (OSCs) at the current stage are majorly accomplished from the processing of halogenated solvents, such as chloroform, which will be constrained for upscale ...fabrication due to the adverse health and environmental impacts. Therefore, exploring the high‐performance OSCs from non‐halogenated solvent processing becomes highly necessary, yet largely lagged behind. Herein, it is demonstrated high‐performance OSCs can be obtained from the hot spin processing of different non‐halogenated solvents, and achieve the highest reported efficiency of OSCs from non‐halogenated solvent processing so far. It is revealed that the phase evolution of ternary blends during solution‐to‐solid transition has a correlation to the substrate temperature. With the elevated substrate temperature of hot spin coating, the optimal blend films can be secured in different kinds of non‐halogenated solvents. As result, high‐performance OSCs are obtained with excellent power conversion efficiencies of 18.25% in o‐xylene, 18.20% in p‐xylene, and 18.12% in toluene, respectively. To the author's best knowledge, these results represent the best‐performed OSCs made from non‐halogenated solvents so far.
High‐performance organic solar cells (OSCs) are feasibly obtained from the hot spin coating of different kinds of non‐halogenated solvents. It is revealed that the blend phase evolution during solution‐to‐solid transition has a correlation to the substrate temperature. As result, high‐performance OSCs are obtained with power conversion efficiencies of 18.25% in o‐xylene, 18.20% in p‐xylene, and 18.12% in toluene, respectively.
The anodic oxidation of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIm-BF
) efficiently generates BF
from BF
. This Lewis acid, strongly bound to the ionic liquids, can be efficiently used in ...classical BF
-catalyzed reactions. We demonstrated the BF
/BMIm-BF
reactivity in four reactions, namely, a domino Friedel-Crafts/lactonization of phenols, the Povarov reaction, the Friedel-Crafts benzylation of anisole, and the multicomponent synthesis of tetrahydro-11
-benzo
xanthen-11-ones. In comparison with literature data using BF
-Et
O in organic solvents, in all the presented cases, analogous or improved results were obtained. Moreover, the noteworthy advantages of the developed method are the
generation of BF
(no storing necessity) in the required amount, using only the electron as redox reagent, and the recycling of BMIm-BF
for multiple subsequent runs.
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