Stigma among healthcare professionals may lead to poor quality of healthcare services for patients with mental illness. This study conducts a network meta-analysis to estimate the relative efficacy ...between different types of anti-stigma interventions for healthcare professionals.
Network meta-analysis.
The attitudes and behavior intension of healthcare professionals toward mental illness.
A total of 18 studies (22 trials) from 9 countries are included in the analysis. In the network meta-analysis, rank probabilities show interventions with indirect contact plus lecture (SUCRA = 81.5%), direct contact plus problem-based learning workshop (SUCRA = 77.4%), and indirect contact (SUCRA = 72.2%) having the highest probability of being ranked first, second, and third, respectively.
Our findings suggest that education combining social contact is the most effective anti-stigma intervention, which can be implemented in clinical practices to help reduce this stigma and improve healthcare services for patients with mental illness.
Studies of illegitimate organizations have failed to present consistent definitions and to recognize that illegitimate organizations persist. Drawing on the emerging organizational stigma literature, ...I separate recoverable event-stigma from nonrecoverable core-stigma- --an extreme form of the poorly defined construct of illegitimacy. I examine the nature of core-stigma, the role of conflicting external audience evaluations that determine and express this stigma, and some organizational outcomes and responses. I end by proposing some implications for building a greater understanding of these and other illegitimate organizations and a possible agenda for future research.
El presente artículo discute los resultados de una etnografía realizada en una población periférica de Santiago, Chile, cuyo propósito fue conocer las estrategias de los residentes para enfrentar el ...estigma territorial. Los hallazgos muestran que los pobladores responden construyendo diferencias simbólicas que les permiten distinguirse del resto, al aplicar a otros similares los estigmas que reciben del exterior. Esta estrategia es utilizada en la comparación con personas del mismo barrio y cuando se cotejan con poblaciones similares, y es destacable que no se realiza con personas o barrios de otros grupos socioeconómicos. Se concluye que la potencia de los efectos de la estigmatización y la segregación socioterritorial les dificulta la posibilidad de construir una imagen propia que los valorice, sin recurrir a la desvalorización de otros similares.
Objective: To identify scalable interventions for improving sexual minority mental health and health-risk behavior, this study tested the efficacy of two self-guided online writing ...interventions-expressive writing and self-affirmation. To reach sexual minority young adults living in high-stigma, low-resource settings, we developed and tested these interventions in Appalachian Tennessee. Method: In consultation with sexual minority young adults (n = 10) and stakeholders (n = 10) living in Appalachian Tennessee, we adapted these two writing interventions that we then delivered to 108 local sexual minority young adults (Mage = 23.68, SD = 3.11). Participants, representing diverse sexual and gender identities and socioeconomic backgrounds, were randomly assigned to participate in a 3-session expressive writing intervention, self-affirmation intervention, or neutral control. Participants completed mental health and health-risk behavior measures at baseline, postintervention, and 3-month follow-up. Results: Compared to the neutral control, expressive writing exerted 3-month improvements in depressive symptoms (d = 0.48) and general psychological distress (d = 0.36) whereas self-affirmation exerted improvement in suicidal ideation (d = 0.62) and drug abuse (d = 0.59). Participants who were exposed to greater contextual minority stressors common in rural regions (i.e., discrimination and victimization) experienced significantly greater 3-month reductions in depression from expressive writing and self-affirmation compared to control. Those who experienced greater discrimination also experienced significantly greater 3-month reductions in suicidality from self-affirmation compared to control. Conclusion: Brief writing interventions exert significant impact on the mental health of young adult sexual minorities, especially those exposed to minority stress. Future research can consider strategies for population-level implementation, especially in high-stigma, low-resource settings.
What is the public health significance of this article?
This study responds to the pressing need for efficacious interventions to improve sexual minority young adult mental and behavioral health. We find evidence that two brief online writing interventions-expressive writing and self-affirmation-can be tailored to meet the needs of geographically dispersed sexual minority young adults and improve their mental and behavioral health. Results notably provide among the first randomized controlled trial evidence for an intervention capable of reducing suicidality among sexual minorities exposed to high degrees of minority stress.
RESUMEN El 13 de febrero de 2022, en el SoFI Stadium de Los Ángeles, se celebró la LVI edición de la final de la Super Bowl, siendo vista por 208 millones de personas. Por primera vez en una final de ...la Super Bowl, un lugar estigmatizado, sus arquitecturas, sus calles y sus raperos eran, de la mano de la artista y escenógrafa Es Devlin, visibilizados y mostrados al mundo. SUMMARY On February 13th, 2022, at SoFI Stadium in Los Angeles, Super Bowl LVI took place and was watched by 208 million people. During halftime, a fifteen-minute musical performance was held in which the protagonist was one of the most stigmatized territories in the history of the United States: the city of Compton, Los Angeles County. The objective of this research was to reveal the scenographic strategies designed and implemented by Es Devlin's studio to transfer Compton's idiosyncratic atmosphere and complex spatial dynamics to the stage. Desde 1967, entre enero y febrero, dos equipos estadounidenses de fútbol americano juegan esta final para decidir quién es el campeón nacional. En 2022, la final tuvo lugar en Los Angeles (LA), el protagonista fue el rapero y dj Dr. Dre3 y la temática giró en torno a la ciudad angelina de Compton, conocida por ser uno de los territorios más estigmatizados de los Estados Unidos, pero también por ser el lugar de nacimiento de muchos de los raperos que dominan la escena norteamericana e internacional en la actualidad. El half-time contó con la presencia del propio Dr. Dre, Snoop Doog, 50 Cent, Mary J. Bilge, Kendrick Lamar y Eminem, quienes se fueron moviendo por una serie de construcciones -propias de Compton y vinculadas a la historia del rap- situadas sobre una inmensa imagen nocturna iluminada del barrio. Diseñado por la artista y escenógrafa británica Es Devlin, el half-time de 2022 en el SoFi Stadium de Los Angeles no solo fue una actuación musical, sino una performance en la que se combinaron, a muy diferentes escalas, las nociones de ciudad, arquitectura y escena a través de Compton; una no-go zone'1 definida por su muy particular y conflictiva espacialidad y sus cuerpos rebeldes en forma de raperos. Se busca evidenciar cómo la implementación de un barrio o ciudad en una escenografía no es únicamente la mera reproducción del espacio físico y su estética superficial, sino que requiere de dimensiones espaciales y estrategias sensibles a los cuerpos, movimientos, memorias y relaciones intangibles construidas en torno a él. Dr. Dre y Kendrick Lamar En 1988, el grupo NWA (Niggas With Attitude)11, formado por cinco jóvenes nacidos y criados en Compton, Dr. Dre, Eazy-E, Ice Cube, DJ Yelia у MC Ren12, lanza su álbum Straight Outta Compton.
Cet article se propose de penser les conditions d’émergence et les caractéristiques d’une poésie bilingue en guarani à partir d’une réflexion autour des concepts de marginalité et d’exception. À ...partir d’une étude des discours sur la littérature paraguayenne et des recueils contemporains de poésie bilingue, nous tentons de discerner comment se construit et se reconstruit une histoire de cette poésie, depuis les stigmates de la marge et de l’exception jusqu’à une renégociation de ces notions pour fonder une poésie de la résistance.
The social stigma associated with TB is a challenge facing management of the area of public health care. The aim of this study was to investigate the social stigma in families of patients with TB and ...identify the profile of those who are affected by the event in relation to socioeconomic and demographic conditions. It is a cross-sectional study that was conducted in 2011 in the city of Ribeirão Preto, state of São Paulo, Brazil, with a sample of 110 individuals. The data were analyzed using the univariate descriptive technique and cluster and multiple correspondence assessment. The stigmatized groups tend to have lower scholarity, incipient access to the media and little understanding about TB, as opposed to those that have higher educational levels, continuous access to the media, consider themselves well informed and show proactive attitudes to deal with the disease. The identification of varied profiles highlights the need to develop health interventions to cater to the singularities of families with respect to the social stigma of the disease.
RESUMO A esquizofrenia tem sido tradicionalmente vista como uma doença que leva a deterioração e incapacidade progressivas. Essa visão pessimista se faz presente na própria prática clínica em ...psiquiatria. O livro Casos de superação em esquizofrenia desafia tal visão, ao apresentar um número considerável de casos clínicos reais de pessoas com esquizofrenia que apresentaram um desfecho mais otimista. Cada capítulo apresenta um caso, descrito por seu clínico responsável e caracterizado por uma superação clínica e pessoal da doença. A obra contribui, de forma original, com o desenvolvimento de uma atitude mais positiva e de esperança em relação ao tratamento da esquizofrenia.
ABSTRACT Schizophrenia has been traditionally viewed as a condition that leads to progressive impairment and disability. This pessimistic view is present in the clinical practice itself in psychiatry. The book Cases of recovery in schizophrenia challenges such a view by presenting a considerable number of real clinical cases of people with schizophrenia who presented a more optimistic outcome. Each chapter presents a case, described by its own clinician and characterized by a clinical and personal recovery of the condition. This work contributes, in an original way, to the development of a more positive and hopeful attitude towards the treatment of schizophrenia.
O presente artigo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão de literatura a respeito dos instrumentos utilizados para mensurar estigma de cortesia, nas bases de dados relacionadas ao campo de ...investigação (PsychNET, PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde BVS Brasil, Periódicos Capes, Scientific Electronic Library Online SciELO e Periódicos Eletrônicos em Psicologia PePSIC), utilizando-se os descritores courtesy stigma, affiliate stigma e associative stigma. Recuperaram-se 564 artigos e, após serem avaliados os critérios de exclusão, dez foram selecionados. Notaram-se correlações positivas entre estigma de cortesia e depressão, ansiedade, carga do cuidador, burnout, consciência da desvalorização pública e consciência do estigma. Qualidade de vida, suporte social, autoestima, qualidade do cuidado e desejabilidade social apresentaram correlações negativas com o constructo estudado.
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