Since the middle of the 19th century, animal husbandry has been industrialised and subdued to economic efficiency to an unsurpassable degree. Animals as living beings and fellow creatures have ...largely fallen by the wayside. Whereas philosophical ethics has reflected this situation critically since the 1970s, theological ethics entered the debate only with a notable delay in the 2010s and was enormously fostered by the encyclical Laudato si’ in 2015. The article discusses different theological approaches to animal ethics and links it with the origins of Christian animal ethics in the patristic era. Finally, it focuses attention on the most debated controversy in animal ethics, namely meat consumption, and argues for the postponing of this question in favour of progress in animal welfare.
This paper provides an explanatory rationale within a theoretical philosophical framework for the Philosophy Plays project as a call to public philosophy, conceived as a way of life and a form of ...communal therapy for the mind. The Philosophy Plays aim is to introduce philosophy to the general public through philosophical presentations by professional philosophers incorporating drama. Like Plato’s dialogues, the Philosophy Plays, that combine dialectic (the philosophical talk) with rhetoric (the drama) seek to engage their public audiences in a realistic and shared lived experience, rendering philosophy a practical and meaningful applied activity for all participants, conceived as a way of life.
This paper reconstructs the Stoic theory of deixis in order to explain the importance placed by the Stoics on demonstrative pronouns and the so-called definite propositions they compose. I argue that ...these propositions are privileged by the Stoics on both ontological and epistemological grounds because of the semantic properties of their subjects. They are firstly privileged on ontological grounds because their subjects, which refer by deixis alone, bear a privileged relationship to matter, the most fundamental ontological category. In addition, they require the immediate graspability of their referent. Secondly, deictic expressions are privileged on epistemological grounds because they compose the most epistemologically fundamental propositions. Not all apparently demonstrative expressions will fulfil these requirements. I therefore also consider what constitutes a deictic expression for the Stoics – arguing that anaphora, for example, does not – and exactly how deixis secures reference, suggesting that, by contrast with what has traditionally been assumed, pointing is neither necessary nor sufficient.
A stoic critique of contemporary sport Austin, Michael W.
Journal of the philosophy of sport,
09/01/2020, 2020-09-01, 20200901, Letnik:
47, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
In this paper, I examine two contemporary models of sport, the Martial/Commercial (MC) Model and the Aesthetic/Recreational (AR) Model, from the perspective of Stoic philosophy. Drawing on the ...writings of Marcus Aurelius, Epictetus, and Seneca, much is found to praise in the AR model, though, ultimately, the AR emphasis on pleasure over virtue as an outcome is criticized. Stoic philosophy proves much more critical of the MC model, finding its emphasis on winning over everything, fame, and wealth critically flawed. The paper ends with a brief sketch of a Stoic approach to sport.
In 1971, Ivan Illich wrote that school had become the world religion of a modernized proletariat. Without undoing the power of human interaction undergirding it, understanding how we learn is thus ...vital to undoing the institutional power of the West – of ‘deschooling’ society. Responding to the conflict between secular and religious schemes of education, the article investigates the ways in which the ‘atheist’ Gilles Deleuze and the ‘mystic’ Simone Weil both employed related stratagems from Stoic philosophy to critique ‘schooling’ construed as the acquisition of, rather than participation in, knowledge. Through a critical reading of the differences between Deleuze's and Weil’s ideas of education, the argument suggests that these differences run aground on the fundamental opposition to a common adversary: that normative pedagogy which trivializes the need to re-school, as well as de-school, society.
A free will Frede, Michael
2011., 20110102, 2011, 2011-02-01, 20110101, Letnik:
68
eBook
Where does the notion of free will come from? How and when did it develop, and what did that development involve? In Michael Frede's radically new account of the history of this idea, the notion of a ...free will emerged from powerful assumptions about the relation between divine providence, correctness of individual choice, and self-enslavement due to incorrect choice. Anchoring his discussion in Stoicism, Frede begins with Aristotle--who, he argues, had no notion of a free will--and ends with Augustine. Frede shows that Augustine, far from originating the idea (as is often claimed), derived most of his thinking about it from the Stoicism developed by Epictetus.
Legacy of Avicenna and evidence-based medicine Shoja, Mohammadali M; Rashidi, Mohammad Reza; Tubbs, R. Shane ...
International journal of cardiology,
08/2011, Letnik:
150, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Abstract Although the term ‘evidence-based medicine’ (EBM) is of recent origin, its roots are generally agreed to lie in earlier times. Several writers have suggested that the 11th century CE ...physician and philosopher Avicenna (Ibn Sina) formulated an approach to EBM that broadly resembles modern-day principles and practice. The aim of this paper is to explore the origins and influence of Avicenna's version of EBM. A survey of the literature suggests that two influences on Avicenna's thought were crucial: the doctrine of Ijma; and Stoic logic, perhaps transmitted via the writings of Galen. In turn, Avicenna is known to have been a major influence on both medical practice and the development of logic in medieval Europe. Through this route, Avicennian logic (notably its inductive aspect) inspired the new style of thought associated with the scientific revolution, which later came to be reflected in ‘scientific medicine’, and may therefore have been an indirect source of EBM today.
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