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Provider: Wellcome Collection - Institution: Wellcome Collection - Data provided by Europeana Collections- Plate XLV. Female patient diagnosed with hysteria-induced narcolepsy.- All metadata ...published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
This article examines the development of male bondage in Britain during the 1970s and 1980s through an examination of products designed by Jim Stewart, who founded the company Fetters in 1976. ...Through research using primary written sources, interviews with early customers, users and business partners, and the objects themselves, this paper situates Fetters designs within the broader infrastructures that were essential for the development of the material culture of male BDSM. The research finds that the primary contacts and inspiration came from outside of the emergent gay leather scene, in particular the cult of Houdini and publications that facilitated collecting of esoteric objects. Furthermore, military culture is shown to have influenced the design and mediation of bondage objects in a way that was fundamental to their design and functioning. This analysis therefore highlights some tensions surrounding cultural aspects of sexual identity that were negotiated through the design and development of objects produced at Fetters.
How do credit rating agencies (CRAs) judge welfare policies in advanced market economies (AMEs)? Scholars worry that market pressures constrain AMEs' ability to retain their welfare arrangements, but ...the role of ratings in generating such pressures remains unstudied, despite their well-known influence on governments' funding costs. CRAs' communications indicate that CRAs assign lower ratings to countries with large spending commitments that are difficult to promptly change in response to adverse economic shocks, as insurance against drastic negative corrections ('rating failures'). Therefore, we hypothesize that famously inflexible entitlement programs trigger rating penalties, but welfare spending that is easier to adjust does not. Our panel analysis of ratings from Standard&Poor's, Moody's and Fitch awarded to 23 AMEs between 1995 and 2014 demonstrates that entitlement spending systematically incurs lower ratings, but discretionary spending on public employment and social services does not. In contrast, bond-spreads are not affected by entitlement spending, once the effect of ratings is controlled for. We conclude that CRAs' desire to avoid 'rating failures' is an important factor in generating negative market reactions against entitlements.
El concepto de "constitución celda o camisa de fuerza" contenido en este artículo hace referencia a una constitución de principio no democrático, que se mantiene pese a las reformas sucesivas que le ...han sido introducidas, incluso durante el año 2005. El autor sostiene la importancia de establecer una nueva Constitución que recoja los valores democráticos, establezca un sistema de fuentes basado en el principio de mayoría, permita un auténtico patriotismo constitucional y posibilite una dogmática de los derechos humanos que no esté limitada por la omnipresente interpretación de los derechos y por la concepción propietaria de los mismos. Lo anterior como un requisito indispensable para ampliar la base del cuerpo político y para poner término al desprestigio de la política y de los partidos, manifestado especialmente en el alejamiento de los jóvenes del sistema que en ella se inspira.This article discusses the concept of a "straight-jacket" constitution as a non-democratic constitution still in force notwithstanding successive constitutional amendments passed by democratic means in post-authoritarian Chile. The claim is defended that it must be replaced by a new constitution, based upon democratic values. It ought to give full recognition to the majoritarian principle, in particular concerning legislation. Only such a constitution can foster the idea of constitutional patriotism and ground a constitutional conception of human rights free able to break free from a conception of rights built upon the right to private property. This is then claimed to be necessary to increase the inclusiveness of politics, thus ending the discrediting of politics and political parties, shown above all by the withdrawal of the youth from the political system.
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Last week, an interview by the BBC with a scholarly expert on Korea was interrupted by the scholar's young family. By now, the viral video of the interrupted interview has spawned many memes, spoofs ...(like this one by a New Zealand duo), and even tribute artwork.
Last week, an interview by the BBC with a scholarly expert on Korea was interrupted by the scholar's young family. By now, the viral video of the interrupted interview has spawned many memes, spoofs ...(like this one by a New Zealand duo), and even tribute artwork.
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