Hamas and civil society in Gaza Roy, Sara; Roy, Sara
2011., 20131110, 2013, 2011, 2011-06-01, 2014-01-01, 20110101, Letnik:
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eBook
Many in the United States and Israel believe that Hamas is nothing but a terrorist organization, and that its social sector serves merely to recruit new supporters for its violent agenda. Based on ...Sara Roy's extensive fieldwork in the Gaza Strip and West Bank during the critical period of the Oslo peace process, Hamas and Civil Society in Gaza shows how the social service activities sponsored by the Islamist group emphasized not political violence but rather community development and civic restoration.
In Anime’s Media Mix, Marc Steinberg convincingly shows that anime is far more than a style of Japanese animation. Engaging with film, animation, and media studies, as well as analyses of consumer ...culture and theories of capitalism, Steinberg offers the first sustained study of the Japanese mode of convergence that informs global media practices to this day.
This book details online academic collaborations between universities in Europe, the USA and Palestine. The chapters recount the challenges and successes of online collaborations which promote ...academic connections and conversations with the Gaza Strip, despite a continuing blockade imposed on Gaza since 2007, and forge relationships between individuals, institutions and cultures. The chapters examine, from different perspectives, what happens when languages and the internet facilitate encounters, and the fundamental importance this has as a form of defiance and of resistance to the physical confinement experienced by Palestinian academics, students and the general population of Gaza. They highlight the limitations of multilingual and intercultural encounters when they are deprived of the sensory proximity of face-to-face situations and what is lost in the translation of languages, practices and experiences from the 'real' to the 'virtual' world.
•The mixed columnar-equiaxed solidification during steel strip feeding in continuous casting was studied.•Steel strip feeding can improves solidification quality by increasing the equiaxed grain ...percentage.•A mathematical relationship between equiaxed grain percentage and initial temperature and size of strip was established.
Feeding a steel strip into a continuous casting (CC) mold is an effective method for improving the internal quality of CC slabs. An alloy experiment and three-phase mixed columnar-equiaxed solidification modeling were used to investigate the solidification structure evolution during the cold strip feeding process. The Euler method was adopted to treat the liquid phase, columnar grain phase, and equiaxed grain phase as continuous phases, and the mass, momentum, energy, and species transport equations of each phase, as well as the equiaxed grain density equation, were solved simultaneously. A comparison of the simulation and experimental results shows that the model can be used for calculating phase transitions, thermal-solute convection, grain deposition, macro-segregation, and the transformation of columnar grains into equiaxed grains in the solidification-melting system, which reveals the inherent relationship between the cold strip parameter and equiaxed grain percentage that is unquantifiable in the experiments. The results show that cold strip feeding improves the solidification structure quality by accelerating nucleation, strengthening convection, and promoting the columnar-equiaxed grain transition (CET). The subcooling nucleation rate around the cold strip first increases to a maximum and then decreases over time. A mathematical relationship between the equiaxed grain percentage and the initial temperature and size of the cold strip was established.
Occupied by Memory explores the memories of the first Palestinian intifada. Based on extensive interviews with members of the "intifada generation," those who were between 10 and 18 years old when ...the intifada began in 1987, the book provides a detailed look at the intifada memories of ordinary Palestinians. These personal stories are presented as part of a complex and politically charged discursive field through which young Palestinians are invested with meaning by scholars, politicians, journalists, and other observers. What emerges from their memories is a sense of a generation caught between a past that is simultaneously traumatic, empowering, and exciting - and a future that is perpetually uncertain. In this sense, Collins argues that understanding the stories and the struggles of the intifada generation is a key to understanding the ongoing state of emergency for the Palestinian people. The book will be of interest not only to scholars of the Middle East but also to those interested in nationalism, discourse analysis, social movements, and oral history.
Hot-rolled strips are cooled on the run-out table to achieve the customer-required mechanical properties. Cooling reduces the oxidation, which can assist the coiling operation. The ability to obtain ...a range of mechanical properties from a single steel grade reduces the use of alloying elements (elements added to a metal or an alloy which are incorporated in the metallic structure and change in the properties of the basic alloy) and the size of the slab inventories. So in this paper, the high-temperature steel strip cooling pattern with the temperature of 870 °C and reaching the temperature of 630 °C using water and air is studied. Moreover, the numerical simulation of the high-temperature strip cooling and its cooling method is carried out. The results are compared with the similar sampler ones. The changes of three key parameters such as change in strip speed and its effect on cooling rate, change in pattern and arrangement of water showers and its effects and change in the cooling water temperature are investigated. It was found that the uniformity of the heat distribution inside the strip was increased, but the temperature of the strip was lower than the required temperature. The middle and up surface temperatures of the strip were performed at a speed of 3.48 (m s
−1
), which showed a very good match with the actual tested sample.
The production of strip sensors for the ATLAS Inner Tracker (ITk) started in 2021. Since then, a Quality Assurance (QA) program has been carried out continuously, by using specific test structures, ...in parallel to the Quality Control (QC) inspection of the sensors. The QA program consists of monitoring sensor-specific characteristics and the technological process variability, before and after the irradiation with gammas, neutrons, and protons. After two years, half of the full production volume has been reached and we present an analysis of the parameters measured as part of the QA process. The main devices used for QA purposes are miniature strip sensors, monitor diodes, and the ATLAS test chip, which contains several test structures. Such devices are tested by several sites across the collaboration depending on the type of samples (non-irradiated components or irradiated with protons, neutrons, or gammas). The parameters extracted from the tests are then uploaded to a database and analyzed by Python scripts. These parameters are mainly examined through histograms and time-evolution plots to obtain parameter distributions, production trends, and meaningful parameter-to-parameter correlations. The purpose of this analysis is to identify possible deviations in the fabrication or the sensor quality, changes in the behavior of the test equipment at different test sites, or possible variability in the irradiation processes. The conclusions extracted from the QA program have allowed test optimization, establishment of control limits for the parameters, and a better understanding of device properties and fabrication trends. In addition, any abnormal results prompt immediate feedback to a vendor.
In the state of the art of steel production, the temperature evolution of steel strips is typically controlled to regulate the phase contents indirectly and, with this, their material properties. ...This paper proposes a novel computationally efficient, real-time capable dynamic model that captures both the temperature evolution and the phase transformations in the steel strip. The steel strip is processed in a cooling section after a continuous annealing furnace. The phase transformations cover the austenite decomposition which is mainly controlled by specifically decreasing the temperature during the cooling process. For this, a phenomenological state-space model is derived, which is inspired by the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov and the Koistinen-Marburger model. Phase transformations generally change the specific latent heat of the material, which is captured in the proposed distributed-parameter model of the strip temperature by an energy balance. Lumped-parameter models are used for the temperature evolution of the wall, the rolls, and the radiant tubes. Heat transfer due to convection, radiation, and conduction couple the individual thermal submodels. A comparison of simulation results and measurements from both experimental material tests and the real plant operation demonstrate the accuracy and feasibility of the proposed model. The model is computationally inexpensive and serves as a solid basis for advanced real-time control and optimization.
•A mathematical model is proposed to describe the evolution of temperature and phases in a steel strip during cooling.•The austenite decomposition is captured by a phenomenological phase transformation model.•The model is computationally efficient and real-time capable.•The accuracy and the suitability of the proposed model is demonstrated by comparing simulation results with measurements.
Conventional lateral flow test strip (LFTS) sensors are insufficiently accurate and reliable due to their single-target detection with limited sample information in a single test. The increasing ...demand for the simultaneous determination of multiple analytes has recently been accelerating the rapid development of high-throughput and multiplexed LFTS sensing technologies. In this contribution, we systematically summarize the recent achievements on the design, development, and application of multiplexed LFTS sensors for improved rapid on-site diagnostics. The discussion focuses on emerging design strategies to increase multiplexing capacity for enhancing analytical efficiency and precision. As a proof-of-concept, several typical examples are presented. The advantages and disadvantages of such approaches are critically analyzed. Finally, we briefly discuss the current challenges and future perspectives.
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•Emerging design strategies to develop multiplex lateral flow test strip sensors were systematically summarized.•The underlying principles of each design strategy were highlighted.•Several seminal examples for each strategy implemented for multiplexing were discussed.•The potential challenges and further perspectives in this field were elaborated.
