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•Extract of Euphorbia stricta L. plant was obtained by supercritical CO2 extraction method.•Euphorbia stricta L. extract was used as an effective reduction/capping agents to ...synthesize ZnO Nanoparticles.•ZnO powder and ZnO/PAN nanofiber were used to investigate photocatalytic activities against methylene blue.•ZnO showed antibacterial activities against Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria.
The green synthesis method is increasingly favored due to its economic and environmental benefits. Metal oxides, such as zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles produced via green synthesis, exhibit biocompatible and stable properties. In this study, the Euphorbia stricta plant was extracted using the supercritical CO2 extraction method. Subsequently, ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized using the Euphorbia stricta extract through a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method. The synthesized ZnO was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Euphorbia stricta L. extract was also characterized by FT-IR. To evaluate the photocatalytic activities against methylene blue, ZnO/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) membranes were fabricated via electrospinning for comparative analysis. The degradation efficiencies of ZnO and ZnO/PAN nanofibers were 76.37 % and 66.14 % over 180 min, respectively. Furthermore, the green synthesized ZnO nanoparticles demonstrated significant antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These bacteria are of critical importance in medical and environmental contexts: cause of skin infections, pneumonia and bloodstream infections; foodborne illnesses and urinary tract infection and hospital-acquired infections. The findings suggest that ZnO nanoparticles synthesized from Euphorbia stricta extract have substantial potential for application in antibacterial treatments and photocatalysis, offering a promising approach to addressing challenges posed by these pathogenic bacteria.
Recently, supercritical fluid CO2 extraction (SFE) has emerged as a promising and pervasive technology over conventional extraction techniques for various applications, especially for bioactive ...compounds extraction and environmental pollutants removal. In this context, temperature and pressure regulate the solvent density and thereby effects the yield, selectivity, and biological/therapeutic properties of the extracted components. However, the nature of plant matrices primarily determines the extraction mechanism based on either density or vapor pressure. The present review aims to cover the recent research and developments of SFE technique in the extraction of bioactive plant phytochemicals with high antioxidant, antibacterial, antimalarial, and anti-inflammatory activities, influencing parameters, process conditions, the investigations for improving the yield and selectivity. In another portion of this review focuses on the ecotoxicology and toxic metal recovery applications. Nonpolar properties of Sc-CO2 create strong solvent strength via distinct intermolecular interaction forces with micro-pollutants and toxic metal complexes. This results in efficient removal of these contaminants and makes SFE technology as a superior alternative for conventional solvent-based treatment methods. Moreover, a compelling assessment on the therapeutic, functional, and solvent properties of SFE is rarely focused, and hence this review would add significant value to the SFE based research studies. Furthermore, we mention the limitations and potential of future perspectives related to SFE applications.
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•Sc-CO2 assisted SFE application for plant metabolites extraction is reviewed.•Biological properties of extracts are preserved by optimized SFE conditions.•Addition of co-solvents (modifiers) enhances the biological activity of the extract.•Micro-pollutant and toxic metal recovery rely on their solubility in Sc-CO2.•Possible challenges and future perspectives for SFE technology are discussed.
The development of insecticide resistance by mosquito vectors highlighted an urgent need for effective and sustainable botanical insecticides. Acmella oleracea R.K. Jansen (Asteraceae)-derived ...extracts and the major constituents N-alkylamides have already demonstrated their potential as insecticidal and acaricidal agents. Nowadays, the development of scalable green extraction and purification processes in the manufacture of biopesticides is a topic of great interest. In this context, supercritical fluid extraction and wiped-film short path molecular (WSM) distillation techniques were combined for the first time to obtain an eco-friendly N-alkylamides-enriched fraction (AEF) from A. oleracea. This was characterized by a notably higher content of spilanthol and N-alkylamides than the supercritical fluid extract (SFE), as determined by HPLC-DAD-MS analysis. The AEF also contained free fatty acids (e.g., palmitic, linoleic, and linolenic acids) as revealed by GC-FID analysis. The mosquito larvicidal activity of SFE, AEF, and pure spilanthol was assessed against 3rd instar larvae of Aedes albopictus Skuse, Anopheles stephensi Liston, and An. gambiae Giles. Results showed that AEF exhibited an insecticidal efficacy comparable with that of spilanthol, and higher than that of SFE. These products were tested against human keratinocytes (HaCaT) confirming their dermal safety. The present study paves the way for the utilization of WSM distillation in the agrochemical industry for the manufacture of botanical insecticides. Indeed, this technique allows to avoid the use of organic solvents related to conventional extraction and spilanthol isolation procedures and gives a product devoid of undesired pigments appealing to other industrial application as well.
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•N-alkylamides of Acmella oleracea were recovered by an eco-friendly process.•Wiped-film short path molecular distillation boosted the N-alkylamides content.•The N-alkylamides enriched fraction was toxic as spilanthol on mosquito larvae.•The N-alkylamides enriched fraction was less cytotoxic than spilanthol.
Experimental and modelling investigations of supercritical CO2 extraction of oil from Juglans regia L. kernels were conducted at 200 and 400 bar, 313 and 333 K at a CO2 flow rate of 0.1 kg/h. ...Regardless of the pressure and the temperature, the highest achievable yield was estimated at about 0.7 kgoil / kgbiomass. The extraction kinetics were modeled with Sovová’s broken and intact cells model. Walnut oil apparent solubility in supercritical CO2 was determined and modelled with the Chrastil equation. A retrograde solubility behaviour was observed at 200 bar, the faster extraction kinetics were found at 400 bar and 333 K. The fatty acid composition of the supercritical CO2 extracted oil was compared to the quality of the oil extracted by press and n-hexane Soxhlet extraction.
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•SC-CO2 extraction kinetics of walnuts oil were investigated and modelled.•Apparent solubility was determined and modelled using Chrastil’s equation.•Variations in minor fatty acid content were observed among the extraction methods.•Light fatty acids were extracted in the early fraction of SC-CO2 extracted oil.•Sovová’s BIC mathematical model was used for modelling the extraction kinetics.
By-products of plant origin represent an abundant source of bioactive compounds. However, to exploit these resources commercially relevant strategies for their extraction must be developed. This ...review focuses on the extraction of bioactive compounds from food by-products of plant origin by a number of novel methods, including pressurised liquid extraction and supercritical CO2 extraction. In general supercritical CO2 extraction is most effective for apolar compounds such as carotenoids, while pressurised liquid extraction can be used to extract more polar compounds such as polyphenols. Both techniques are sustainable and green techniques. In addition, pre-treatment of plant by-products by novel non-thermal processing techniques in order to enhance extraction will be highlighted. In general the selection of an appropriate extraction strategy is dependent on the type of compound to be extracted as well as the potential up scaling of the technique.
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•Modelling of supercritical CO2 extraction of pomegranate seed oil (PSO).•Highest extraction yield at 320 bar, 60 °C and 8.0 kg/h CO2 flow rate.•Two periods of broken and intact cell ...model adequately describes extraction processes.•Crossover phenomena highlighted at pressure above 280 bar.•Solubility of PSO estimated and modelled by Chrastil’s model.
Experimental and modelling investigations of supercritical fluid CO2 extraction (SC-CO2) of pomegranate seed oil (PSO) were performed at 240, 280 and 320 bar, and 40, 50 and 60 °C with CO2 flow rate of 8 kg/h. A retrograde solubility behaviour was found at 50 °C and 280 bar. The model of broken and intact cells developed by Sovová adequately described SC-CO2 processes (AARD% 0.2497-1.1691). It was demonstrated that the extraction of type A was the most suited to apply. The solubility of PSO in SC-CO2 was estimated and modelled by Chrastil model (AARD% 0.1910-1.1821). The highest value of the oil solubility was obtained at 320 bar and 60 °C. PSO extracted by SC-CO2 was found high-quality, evaluated in terms of antioxidant activity, and richer of punicic acid as compared to Soxhlet extracted oil.
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•scCO2 extraction of oil from SCGs with and without co-solvents.•NMR, Elemental Analysis and GC-Fid identify profile and composition of the oil.•MUFA and DUFA are more than 50 % of ...the compounds in the oil.•Innovative combination of oil presentation and group contribution methods proposed.•gPROMS ModelBuilder applied for the solution of the kinetics model.
Spent coffee grounds (SCGs) were extracted with supercritical CO2 at temperatures of 313 K and 333 K, pressures up to 50.0 MPa and different scCO2 flow rates. The addition of co-solvents isopropanol, ethanol and ethyl lactate decreased the time to achieve the maximum oil yield, to half of that with pure CO2. Analysis of the extracted oils by NMR, showed that caffeine content was (0.56–3.96) % and DUFA and MUFA contents changed within (39.8–42.0) % and (12.9–15.8) %, respectively. The analyses of fatty acids performed by GC-FID revealed the composition of the oils being 76 % of the total constituted by palmitic and linoleic esters. The DPPH antioxidant capacity was improved up to 12.5 times with co-solvents. The kinetics of oil extraction from SCGs with pure scCO2 was modeled successfully by combining for the first time representation of the oil mixture by a single virtual molecule with group contribution methods.
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•Supercritical CO2 was applied to obtain extracts with high cannabinoids concentration.•Different operating conditions and regimes were evaluated.•Cannabinoids composition was ...analyzed with time at different extraction conditions.•Co-solvent pulse regime is the most recommendable extraction strategy.
Cannabis sativa L. extracts with high concentration of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) were obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) extraction. The objective of this work was to investigate the cannabinoid concentration of the extracts, the overall process yield under different extraction conditions, and the effect of ethanol as co-solvent. Extraction experiments were carried out with multistage pressure increments and at constant pressure of 17, 24 and 34MPa and 328K with flow rate of 200g/min of CO2. At 34MPa apparent solubilities of extracts were determined for four different Cannabis sativa L. strains with variable cannabinoids initial content. Extraction yield was highly dependent on pressure and plant material starting composition. The use of ethanol as a co-solvent was investigated with two different approaches, i.e. constant co-solvent flow, and by applying pulses of ethanol at different times though the extraction procedure. The obtained extracts were fractionated in 3 separators in a cascade configuration of decreasing temperature and pressure. The cannabinoid composition of the extracts was determined with HPLC analysis. Process extraction efficiency as high as 92% was achieved.
Advances in Lipid Extraction Methods-A Review Saini, Ramesh Kumar; Prasad, Parchuri; Shang, Xiaomin ...
International journal of molecular sciences,
12/2021, Letnik:
22, Številka:
24
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Extraction of lipids from biological tissues is a crucial step in lipid analysis. The selection of appropriate solvent is the most critical factor in the efficient extraction of lipids. A mixture of ...polar (to disrupt the protein-lipid complexes) and nonpolar (to dissolve the neutral lipids) solvents are precisely selected to extract lipids efficiently. In addition, the disintegration of complex and rigid cell-wall of plants, fungi, and microalgal cells by various mechanical, chemical, and enzymatic treatments facilitate the solvent penetration and extraction of lipids. This review discusses the chloroform/methanol-based classical lipid extraction methods and modern modifications of these methods in terms of using healthy and environmentally safe solvents and rapid single-step extraction. At the same time, some adaptations were made to recover the specific lipids. In addition, the high throughput lipid extraction methodologies used for liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based plant and animal lipidomics were discussed. The advantages and disadvantages of various pretreatments and extraction methods were also illustrated. Moreover, the emerging green solvents-based lipid extraction method, including supercritical CO
extraction (SCE), is also discussed.
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•Isolation of hemp seed oil by supercritical extractions versus traditional techniques.•Influence of extraction conditions on content of pigments was evaluated.•Influence of ...extraction conditions on content of tocopherols was evaluated.•Influence of extraction conditions on content of fatty acids was evaluated.•Production of oils with higher tocopherol content by supercritical CO2 extraction.
In this work, hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) seed oil was produced by extraction with supercritical CO2 under different extraction conditions (temperature, pressure and time). The objective was to evaluate the influence of extraction conditions on concentration of tocopherols, fatty acids and pigments in hemp seed oil. The composition of hemp seed oil obtained with supercritical CO2 was compared with the hemp oil extracted by n-hexane using Soxhlet method and with oil obtained by pressing using screw expeller. Using supercritical CO2 extraction the extracts higher in concentration of tocopherol were produced. The amount of α- tocopherol in supercritical extracts ranged from 37.09 to 110.61mgL−1, depending on the applied process conditions, while γ-tocopherol content was significantly higher (2–3 times). The content of pigments in the hemp oil obtained by supercritical CO2 had been changed significantly during the extraction time from 9.79 to 178.76mgkg−1 for total chlorophyll content and 8.15 to 57.66mgkg−1 for total carotene content. By selecting the relevant process conditions of supercritical extraction it is possible to obtain hemp seed oil with physical or nutritional properties of interest to the food industry.
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